Izinhlanzi: uhlu, izinhlobo, izithombe

Abantu abaningi bazo zonke izakhamuzi ezidliwayo zezilwandle zomhlaba zihlangene esigabeni esisodwa - "izinhlanzi zasolwandle". Uhlu lwazo, kodwa, alufanele lubandakanye inhlanzi kanye nenyama yezilwane zasolwandle (izibindi, amahalanga, izidakamizwa nezinye izilwane). Isayensi lezi zindawo zokuhlala ezihlala kolwandle nolwandle zihlukaniswa njengeqembu elihlukile. Kodwa abakhiqizi abaningi bemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi nabanikezeli bemikhiqizo engapheliyo abadobi bezokudoba, kanye nabasebenzi bezokudoba bavame ukubiza imikhiqizo yabo yezinhlanzi zasolwandle ngenxa yendawo evamile yemvelaphi.

Izidakamizwa ezidumile

Izigaba ezijwayelekile kunazo zonke izakhamuzi ezihlukahlukene kakhulu ezilwandle, ezifanelekayo zokudla, zilandelayo: i- bivalve mollusks, efaka ama-oyster, ama-mussels kanye ne-scallops; I-cephalopods (i-octopus, i-sea cuttlefish ne-squid); Ama-Crustaceans (ama-shrimps nama-crabs, ama-lobster noma ama-lobster, ama-krill, ama-lobster nama-crayfish); Ama-Echinoderms - ama-trepangs, ama-urchins olwandle, ikhukhamba ne-holothuria; I-seaweed (i-kelp ne-bubbly fucus, i-spirulina, isaladi ye-sea noma i-ulva, i-porphyry ne-litotamnia). Leli zwe eliyingqayizivele elijabulisayo kulo lonke elaseYurophu, njengokupheka kweJapane, lisebenzisa izinhlanzi zasolwandle, uhlu lwamagama aqukethe amagama okuqala anikezwe eZweni Lokuphumayo. I-Algae - nori, kombu, hijiki, wakame, kanten kanye ne-umi budo - ingatholakala emasimini nasemigqumeni ephekwe ekudleni kwe-Asian cuisine kuwo wonke umhlaba.

Izinzuzo zemikhiqizo eyenziwa olwandle

Ukuqukethwe kwekhalori isilinganiso sezinhlanzi eziningi zasolwandle kungama-80-85 kilojoule ngayinye ye-100 g yokudla okunempilo. Izakhi nezinhlobo zamakhemikhali ezakhamuzi zasolwandle ezijulile zihlobene ngokuqondile namandla azo amandla. Isibonelo, inyama ye-shrimp icebile emaminerali ewusizo empilweni yabantu: i-calcium ne-magnesium, isulfure, i-phosphorus ne-iron.

Izidumbu zama-squids noma ama-octopuses yizinsizakalo zamavithamini e-B no-C. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-100 g ye-mussel inyama iqukethe ama-3 g we-fat kuphela, futhi izidumbu ze-squid kanye nezimpukane le nzondlo ingaphansi kakhulu, enomphumela omuhle kokuqukethwe kwe-caloric yokudla kwabaxubeki, isisekelo sayo Izinhlanzi nezilwane zasolwandle. Uhlu lwezinto zabo eziwusizo luhlanganisa nokuba khona kwamafutha e-polyunsaturated ama-omega-3 ne-omega-6. Lezi zinto zithuthukisa umsebenzi we-system cardiovascular system, ukunciphisa izinga le-cholesterol, ukuqiniswa kwesizinda se-hormonal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhiqizo evela olwandle iqinisekisa ukugaya ukudla, ivuselele izinqubo zamathambo emzimbeni, inciphise ingozi yokuvela kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamagciwane.

Ezinye izindawo eziwusizo zezilwandle zasolwandle

Ukuthola ukuthi yini eqondene nezilwane zasolwandle, uhlu olubandakanya inqwaba yezinto eziphilayo eziphilayo, ezidliwayo kubantu, kanye nokuhlola umhlaba wonke wezilwane, izitshalo kanye ne-algae, kulula ukucacisa ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani ukudla kwakho ngezidlo ezinomsoco eziwusizo kakhulu. Inyama yama-shrimp ngumkhiqizo omuhle kubantu abafuna ukunciphisa umzimba. Ukuqukethwe kwamaprotheni aphezulu, ukungabi khona kweShukela namafutha - lezi zimfanelo zabameleli be-crustacean basiza umuntu ukuba adle futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo anciphise isisindo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo lwezilwane zasolwandle luqukethe inani eliphakeme kakhulu lamavithamini B12, elenza kusetshenziswe i-hemoglobin, eqinisa ngokuphelele isimiso sezinzwa. Izimbongolo zasolwandle ziyizikhulu eziqukethwe ku-vitamin B6 ne-magnesium, izakhi ezifaka ekuvimbeleni izimo zokucindezeleka. Imisipha yilabo abanomlando wokuba khona kwabo ku-vitamin E, ikhambi labesifazane elisekela ubuhle besikhumba, izinwele nezipikili. Le antioxidant enamandla ilawula umsebenzi wokubeletha, ibuye ivuselele izakhiwo. Ngaphandle kwamaprotheni wemvelo, izinhlanzi zasolwandle zingumhlinzeki omkhulu we-iodine nensimbi emzimbeni wethu, ngcono umsebenzi wobuchopho. Abantu abavame ukudla amahlanzi ezinhlanzi zasemanzini basencane amathuba okugcizelela futhi bayamelana nokucindezeleka. Izondlo zokudla zincoma ukudla okuphelele zifaka ekudleni kokubili noma ezintathu ukudla ngesonto, okuqukethe ukudla okulwandle. Uhla lwezidakamizwa zasolwandle ezidliwayo, ezolwandle oluphansi luvumela umuntu ukuba ahlukanise imenyu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo agcwalise ngaphandle kokungeza isisindo.

Imikhiqizo yokudla evela "emasimini aluhlaza": ukucubungula

Ama-Seafood namuhla awasetshenziselwa ukupheka kuphela: izimboni zamakhemikhali, izambatho, izimonyo nezakhambi ziwasebenzisa ekukhiqizeni izimonyo zokwelashwa nezokuguga, izinwele zezinwele, i-i-containing-seasoning yokudla, i-ayisikhilimu ne-ice yokudla, ama-thickeners for the toothpaste, Ukukhiqizwa kwe-pulp nephepha, ekwenzeni i-raber, i-varnishes kanye nezindwangu. I-algae isebenza njengomthombo kasawoti, okusetshenziselwa ukulondoloza inhlanzi, futhi kubo, ifilimu itholakele ukuvikela ukudla okunesidlo esiphundu nesiphundu kusuka ekutheni futhi kumile. Kusuka ku-algae, ososayensi bakwazi ukuthola izidakamizwa ze-haemostatic, futhi uboya obunamaminerali ukusuka ku-thallus kunezici ezingcono kakhulu kune-cellulose, ngoba ukugqoka okungenakuqhathaniswa okusekelwe ku- sodium alginate usizo lokuphulukisa emaphethelweni enxeba ngaphandle kokubangela izinkinga.

Izakhamuzi ezidliwayo zezilwandle ezisenyakatho

Ngenxa yezimo ezinzulu zezulu, abameleli be-element element yamanzi eNyakatho bathuthuka kancane kancane futhi bafinyeleleke kakhulu. I-Fauna ye-Arctic Ocean yikhiqiza ama-mussels amakhulu kakhulu, afinyelela ngamamitha angu-10 ukuya kwangu-20 ubude, ihluma kuze kube ngu-30 cm ngobukhulu, i-squid giant, okukhula kwayo kungafinyelela kumamitha angu-5! Ukuphakama kwezinhlobo eziphilayo emanzini abandayo ase-Arctic kuvezwa yizinkwa zasolwandle ezisenyakatho ezivela kubangane bawo baseningizimu. Isibonelo, izinhlanzi zeLwandle lwaseBarents ziyakwazi ukuhlala iminyaka engaba ngu-25 (ngoMnyama, lezi zinhlanzi zihlala iminyaka engaba ngu-6 kuphela). Ngaphezu kwalokho, oLwandle lwaseBarents, izinhlanzi zikhishwa - i-haddock, i-cod, i-saika ne-capelin, nezinhlanzi. Kulo lonke inani lokudoba, isabelo se-catfish ne- sea flounder, i- saithe ne-flounder-ruff inkulu kakhulu. ELwandle Olubomvu bayabamba inhlanzi efanayo, iPechora ne White Sea navaga. Eminyakeni engamashumi ayisithupha ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule, ikhabhamba laseKamchatka laqala ukufakwa eBwandle LwaseBarents , futhi kusukela ngo-2002 lalihlelwe ukudoba. Izinhlanzi ezenziwe, ama-shrimp kanye nama-shrimps ashintshiwe olwandle, ezitsheni zenkampani "Okuhlukile", okusabalalisa okukhethekile okuyiyona nkampani "Yokudla Kwezilwandle EziseNyakatho". Ngemuva kokuthenga izidlo zokudla olwandle - ama-shrimp noma ama-crabs - adinga ukuba athole kancane emanzini abandayo noma eshalofini elingezansi seqandisini bese ubilisa. I-meat crab ephekwe isetshenziselwa ukudla noma ukudla okuzimela, imfucu iphekwe noma ihlosiwe, isetshenziswe ngamasiki, igcwele imifino noma amaqanda, yengezwe kuma-saladi ahlukene, iphekwe ngamaswidi, yengezwe ezinsongweni.

Ukudla kwama-Asia amaningi namazwe aseMedithera

Ukwakhiwa okulinganiselayo kwezilwandle, ukukhanya kwawo kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhalori kuye kwaba isizathu sokuthi izakhamuzi zasogwini zikhetha izinhlanzi zasolwandle. Uhlu lwemikhiqizo AmaJapane namaShayina, amaGreki namaNtaliyane, isiFulentshi neSpanishi, aqukethe izithako zasolwandle zezisobho nama-saladi, izifundo zesibili kanye nokudla okulula. I-algae, equkethe amavithamini amaningi, amaminerali kanye nama-amino acids (ngaphezu kwalokho, kancane kancane enza ngendlela yokugaya); Ama-Crustaceans (ama-shrimps, ama-lobster, ama-lobster, ama-crabs kanye nama-crustaceans amancane-i-krill, ecebile inyama yokudla); I-Mollusks - cephalopods (i-octopus, i-cuttlefish ne-squid), i-bivalves, i-oyster, i-mussels ne-scallops, nama-gastropods, ama-rapans - abeka isisekelo sokudla kwama-long-livers amaningi emhlabeni. E-China, ama-crabs, ama-shrimps nolwandle lwama-scallops baziswa kakhulu njengendlela yokuqinisa amandla amakhulu omzimba. Izakhamuzi zasemazweni amaningi ase-Asia naseMedithera zibheka izidlo ezinhle kakhulu ze-mollusks, ama-cephalopod nama-crustaceans akhishwe emanzini aluhlaza. EFrance, ama-gourmets avame ukuhlela ama-snails olwandle, ama-oyster nama-mussels, ngaphandle kwemifantu evamile, i-crab ne-lobster.

Indlela yokukhetha izilwane zasolwandle: izinzuzo nezingozi

Inzuzo ebalulekile yezinhlanzi eziningi zasolwandle kuhlotshaniswa nokulungiselela kwabo okusheshayo, okubalulekile kubapheki nabendlukazi abavamile. Kulezi zimayini kungabizwa ngokuthi enye - izilwane zasolwandle azivami ukufika kithi, ngoba ziwohloka ngokushesha. Kodwa emva kokuqothulwa kwesibindi, inani labo lokudla okunomsoco alihlosi nakancane, ngakho-ke ngisho nokulala okuncane kweqhwa eliqhwabelisayo kuleso sokudla kwezilwandle kubonisa ikhwalithi yabo enhle. Zingathengiswa ziphila kuphela ezindaweni ezisogwini noma kungekude namapulazi lapho zikhulile khona ezimweni zokufakelwa. Emanzi noma abilisiwe, bese efriziwe, ingaba yizilwane zasolwandle, uhlu Iqukethe i-squid, i-trepang, i-scallop fillet, i-kelp nezinye izilwane zasolwandle. Ifomu elomile ezitolo ungahlangana nezinhlanzi noma i-trepang. Emikhiqizo ekheniwe ekhishwe olwandle, imboni yokudla ikhiqiza ama-crabs, squid, ama-shrimp, i-scallop fillet, iklabishi yasolwandle nezinye izinhlobo. Izidakamizwa zasolwandle ezinomlilo nezokubhema zivame ukukhonzwa njenge-snack yebhiya.

Uma usayizi lukhulu

Ukukhetha ama-royal prawns amakhulu, odumile phakathi kwabathengi abafuni ukuchitha isikhathi esiyigugu ukuhlanza izilinganiso ezincane ezigobolondo, kudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ochwepheshe abaningi bathi lezi zinhlanzi eziphakeme ezikhulayo zihambisana nokusetshenziswa kokugqugquzela ukukhula nezinye izithako eziyingozi. Nakuba ukuqoqwa kwalezi zinto eziyingozi emzimbeni womuntu kudingeka udle amahlumela asebukhosini kaningi futhi isikhathi eside.

Naka

Ukuze unqume ukuthi i-shellfish ihlanzekile yini, udinga ukugoqa igobolondo labo. Ama-specimens aleli qabunga avuliwe masinyane, kanti okuqukethwe kwawo kufanele kube kucace, kungenakubala, kunomunwe olwandle olumnandi. Inyama engcolile-grey nezinsipho ezivulekile ziyisibonakaliso sokungafaneleki ukusetshenziswa kwe-shellfish. Uhlu olusha olusolwandle, uhlu Ama-Crustaceans lapho ahlala khona ingxenye enkulu, ahlukaniswa igobolondo elinzima kanye nenyama enomzimba, okukhanyayo okunempilo. Ukuqukethwe kwamaprotheni owomile ne-opaque ama-crabs, ama-lobsters noma ama-shrimp asho ukuthi umkhiqizo uyisiqalo.

Sea kale ekuphekeni nase-cosmetology

Amanqamu asolwandle afana nawo atholakala emashalofini esitolo esisha futhi omisiwe, ekheniwe futhi eqoshiwe, futhi nangendlela efakwe usawoti. I-Laminaria ingenye yemithombo ebaluleke kunazo zonke ye-iodine, eyakhelwe ngokuphelele umzimba wethu. Isaladi kusuka olwandle olwandle kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yokuvimbela izifo ze-thyroid futhi ngokujwayelekile, uhlelo lonke lwe-endocrine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqwaba ye-fiber yokudla e-laminaria kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhalori kwenza kube umkhiqizo obalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesisindo. E-cosmetology, izilwane zasolwandle ziyasetshenziswa njenge-moisturizer, ziqinisa isikhumba, ukushiswa kwamafutha nokuvamisekisa kwezinto eziningi zemikhiqizo yasekhaya nasemisebenzini.