Ngokuvamile, kwabaningi kubonakala ukuthi yiTorah. Ngokuvamile kuvunywa ukuthi lokhu kuyi-Pentateuch kaMose, kuhlanganise nezincwadi zokuqala zeBhayibheli esiziwayo: uGenesise, u-Eksodusi, uLevitikusi, uNumeri, uDuteronomi (ngamagama esiHeberu avela egameni lokuqala lencwadi, isibonelo, uGenesise- "Ekuqaleni", "Eksodusi" - "Amagama "Futhi njalo). Kodwa kumaJuda lokhu kuwumqondo obanzi kakhulu nangokwengeziwe, okwenza kube nokukhethwa kwesizwe.
Amasinagoge ahlakazekile emhlabeni jikelele, lapho amaJuda angama-Orthodox ekhulekela uNkulunkulu, ekhuluma, efundisa izingane zabo. Esinagogeni lamaJuda kukhona indawo engcwele ekhethekile-umphongolo - umkhumbi, lapho incwadi engcwele igcinwa khona. Iyini iTorah? Lo ngumBhalo, ohlotshiswe emqulwini okhethekile ovela embhalweni olotshiwe ngesandla. Umqulu wenziwe ngesikhumba esenziwe ngokukhethekile, ekupheleni kwawo okugxilwe kuzo izinsika ezimbili eziqoshiwe zokhuni. Njalo ngoMgqibelo esinagogeni ufunda isahluko esivela kuma-Pentateuch. Ngakho, umbhalo wonke uphinde ufunde unyaka.
Umsuka weTorah uyinkinga yokuphikisana. Abanye abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zincwadi zabhalwa kancane kancane eminyakeni engamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye ngokususelwa kumasiko omlomo. Kodwa noma yikuphi umJuda wangempela uzokutshela ngokuqiniseka ukuthi iTorah yanikezwa eNtabeni iSinayi nguNkulunkulu uqobo kuMose emva kokuphuma kwabantu eGibithe, khona-ke isivumelwano senziwa phakathi koPhezukonke nabantu bakhe.
Lezi zincwadi ezingcwele zichaza imvelaphi yomhlaba, kanye nomlando wayo wokuqala ngaphambi nangemva kukazamcolo. Isivumelwano sika-Abrahama noNkulunkulu sanikeza izizathu zokuvela kwabantu, lapho zonke izizwe zomhlaba kufanele zibusiswe. Ukunakwa okukhethekile kunikezwa emthethweni wezokuziphatha - ukukhuluma noma ngokulula, imiyalo engu-10, kanye nemithetho yomkhosi echaza izindinganiso zenkonzo endlini engcwele. I-Pentateuch, uMthetho KaMose, ibonisa ngokucacile ubudlelwane obangela ukuphila phakathi kwabantu nokuphila kwabo. Ngakho-ke, ukusabalalisa kwamaJuda emhlabeni kungenxa yokungalaleli, futhi ukubuyiselwa kombuso kuyisibonakaliso somusa ngenxa yokuphenduka.
Imibhalo yeTorah ifundwa ngabantwana bamaJuda, ikakhulukazi abafana, ngenhliziyo. Intsha ngayinye, idlula ekuqalisweni (bar mitzvah), kuqala iphuma esinagogeni ukuze ifunde isahluko esivela kule ncwadi. Futhi, isiko sidinga wonke umuntu ongumJuda ukuba abhale uhlu lwakhe, okuyinto enzima kakhulu ukuyenza. Iqiniso liwukuthi kudingeka ulandele ngokucacile amathoni akho okubhala, inani labalingiswa libalwe ukuze iphutha lingangeni, udinga ukubhala uhlu ngefonti ekhethekile, umbhalo we-calligraphic ngesiHeberu. Ezinye zidala ukudalwa kohlu lwabo lwabachwepheshe - ama-calligraphers, kodwa lokhu kubiza kakhulu. Njengoba kwakunjalo njalo, amaJuda agcwalisa lo myalo, kodwa hhayi njengoba kudingeka. Isibonelo, uhlu olulodwa lungalaywa yiqembu, ngakho-ke, njengokungathi, wonke umuntu ungumnikazi weNcwadi.
Iyini i-Torah yomJuda? Lokhu ngokuyinhloko uxhumano lwakhe nabantu bakaNkulunkulu, ikakhulukazi abusisiwe. Lezi yimithetho ngokusho okufanele ukwakheni impilo yakho kanye namalungelo athembisiwe. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, lokhu kusho ukuzigcina uhlanzekile futhi ukwazi intando kaMninimandla onke.
Ungathola ulwazi oluningi olungalungile mayelana neTorah, kunalokho, lixhunywe nenani elihlobene nokuchazwa kwalo ngamaJuda ngokwawo. Kodwa asikwazi ukuvuma ukuthi ama-Pentateuch adlala indima enkulu emiphakathini eminingi, eyakha isisekelo sezinkolo zomhlaba (ubuKristu nobuJuda), imiyalo eyishumi - isisekelo sokuziphatha kwanoma yimuphi umphakathi, isisekelo somthetho wobugebengu kanye nomthetho. Ngakho-ke, naphezu kwezimpendulo ezahlukene kumbuzo walokho okushiwo yiTorah, umuntu kufanele aqaphele ithonya elikhulu kulokhu kuthuthukiswa kwawo wonke umlando wesintu.