Pogodin Mikhail Petrovich: ubuyekeze biography kanye lokusungula

Pogodin Mikhail Petrovich, biography kanye lokusungula ayisihloko yalokhu kubukezwa, waba ngomunye wabangu-mlando abavelele ngobukhulu Russian owayengumKristu owayephila ekhulwini XIX. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi njengoba isibalo somphakathi, umbhali, umshicileli, ngalendoda yezinto zakudala futhi umbhali ezaziwayo. Imisebenzi yakhe nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni emithonjeni isayensi kazwelonke zomlando nocwaningo indlela yayo ngempela igama elisha kwezesayensi wesimanje.

Ezinye amaqiniso okuphila

Pogodin Mikhail Petrovich, Biography emfushane okungukuthi isihloko lesi sihloko waphila isikhathi eside futhi ithele (1800-1875). Wayeyindodana we serf ka Ukubala Saltykov, kodwa wathola inkululeko yakhe, imfundo wangena ubuhlakani zomlando-philological eMoscow University. Lapha wavikela mqondo yenkosi yakhe waba uprofesa.

Wafundisa umlando Russian futhi izwe, futhi ngokushesha Pogodin Mikhail Petrovich waba inhloko yalawa uMnyango umlando Russian, okuyinto yasungulwa ngo-sisekelo inyuvesi ngo-1835. Nokho, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, waphoqwa ukuba ashiye iposi. Kwathi ngo-1844 ngenxa ezingqubuzana trustee lesikhungo. Njengoba Pogodin wazinikela kuphela ucwaningo, lesibonwa nemisebenzi yomphakathi. Kusukela 1820 kuya 1850 wanyathelisa omagazini isiqondiso olandelanayo.

Sebenza nge imithombo

Pogodin Mikhail Petrovich eyaziwa ngokuthi ngalendoda yezinto zakudala Russian. Ngakho waqoqa yesandla yasendulo futhi curiosities ehlukahlukene. Kubo kahle kuchazwe futhi ishicilelwe. Kulokhu, umsebenzi wakhe yayikhiqiza ngesayensi zomlando. Ngempela, nje ngesikhathi uhlangabezane nenkathi yokudlondlobala kwawo. Ngakho-ke, le yethula yesayensi kwegazi imithombo kwakubaluleke kakhulu. iqoqo lakhe Pogodin Mikhail Petrovich waqala ukuqongelela okwengeziwe eminyakeni 1830. Ziyakwazi nabaningi amagugu asendulo eziye zatholakala: imifanekiso, izithombe, izitembu, Autographs zabantu abadumile yesandla yasendulo, kuhlanganise inhlangano impahla. Konke lokhu kuye kwabizwa ngokuthi "Drevlekhranilishche".

tinchubo

Isazi-mlando wayegxila umlando Russian lasendulo futhi ephakathi. Lugxile inkinga ka ukuvela isimo. Ngo-1825 wabhala mqondo yenkosi yakhe "Ngo Origin of Rus '. Lo mbuzo abanesifiso kuye ngoba yilapho lapho ebona umehluko ngezindlela yentuthuko yezwe lethu kanye namazwe Western Europe. Ngokwesibonelo, wamelana ekunqotshweni ezenzeka kula mazwe esinokuthula ubizo Normans eRussia. Ngo-1834 Pogodin Mikhail Petrovich bavikela ocwaningeni lwakhe lwesibili "On the umlando Nestor," okuyinto echazwe imithombo yenkinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena waba nesithakazelo umbuzo izizathu ukuvelela eMoscow. Futhi wokuqala mlando wadala umbono 'amandla ukuhlangana "ababusi balo.

periodization

Pogodin Mikhail Petrovich wadala igridi yakhe ngokulandelana kwazo zonke izenzakalo umlando Russian. I yekucala kwathiwa ukushaya Varyags. Nokho, it is sasithi ebalulekile ukudalwa isimo kwadingeka isici Slavic. Lokhu isikhathi sokuqala waphothula wokubusa Yaroslav, isikhathi ukuthi uhlobanisa igama ukusonga yokugcina wekuba sive Russian. Ngasemdeni ke ka-esigabeni sesibili, lapho kuchazwa ayehlasela AmaTatar nokumiswa ijoka Tartar. Isikhathi esilandelayo, YaseMoscow, ibhekisela isikhathi kuze ekuqaleni kokubusa kaPetru I. Futhi ekugcineni, enkathini yesimanje ke Pogodin Mikhail Petrovich ngokuthi esikhathini ubuzwe, nge ikakhulukazi wakhuluma kahle ukuqedwa serfdom.

Ukuqhathanisa yomlando Russian futhi izwe

Usosayensi ukwenze eziningi imibono ethakazelisayo letifanako kanye netintfo letehlukile ngokuphathelene nokuthuthukiswa yeYurophu neRussia. Ngokusho kwakhe, kwabo okudlule has kufana ngezindlela eziningi nokwethu: feudalism futhi uhlelo oluthile, kuyadamba kwalo okwalandela kanye nokuqinisa ohlanga. Nokho, abacwaningi baye bame kwelokuthi naphezu ukufana, lezi izindaba neze aphambana. Wagcina wafinyelela esiphethweni ukuthi izwe lethu ligcwele ekuthuthukiseni ngendlela ekhethekile. Lena sibonga kungenzeka yokuthi isimo yasungulwa by ubizo ukuthula, noma ukunqoba. Futhi ngakho umbuso siphephile kusukela linemibhikisho, okuyinto ngalesi sikhathi wathatha indawo kulelivekati.

Ukubaluleka komlando

Umbhali, isimiso, kwaba eduze Slavophiles, kusukela yokugcina futhi wakhuluma indlela yokuqala ukuthuthukiswa waseRussia. Emhlabeni imibono efanayo athuthukile emibhalweni yakhe Pogodin Mikhail Petrovich. The main zomlando umcwaningi umsebenzi - lena cishe "Ucwaningo, amazwana kanye izinkulumo kumlando Russian." Yena enamathiselwe ukubaluleka okukhulu isiyalo imfundo zokuziphatha futhi yokushisekela izwe, njengoba kubonakala njengomvikeli wakhe futhi umgcini ukuthula. Wayekholelwa ukuthi ezweni lethu akukho isizathu kuphazamiseka wamavukelambuso kusukela kudala abantu abaqotho kuya autocracy, ukholo ngoludala, ulimi lwendabuko. Ngakho, usosayensi ayesesha esondela eduze kwaleli imfundiso yokuziphendukela ubuzwe olusemthethweni, owamiswa ngalesi sikhathi.

mayelana nababusi

Pogodin Mikhail Petrovich, isithombe okuyinto okusesihlokweni esithi, ngaphezu umlando ephakathi lasendulo, futhi zihilelekile kwesikhathi. Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile kuyizinto ukuhlolwa ababusi balo ahlukahlukene. Ngakho wacabanga wokubusa Ivan le Kubi isigaba bemvelo ukusungulwa the wekuba sive Russian. Isazi-mlando kakhulu kakhulu ezinguquko kaPetru, bekholelwa ukuthi izakhiwo zawo okungangako ngaphambi kokuqala wokubusa kwakhe. Ngakho, nobuciko kanye nomsebenzi Pogodin luthathe indawo yokuqala ukuthuthukiswa historiography kazwelonke.