Ishayela amaViking eRussia - iqiniso nasezindabeni eziqanjiwe

isimo Old Russian, izibonakaliso ezavela nelesi-8, waqala ukwakha wangekhulu lesi-9 ne iqhaza ngqo izinhlangano eziningi zezizwe Slavic, futhi abantu nxazonke kubo. Insimu Eastern lwamaSlav isiphetho kwaba sandwiched nhlangothi zombili kusukela enyakatho komngcele Ilmen lwamaSlav wahlala amaViking abangophakimpi, noma njengoba ayebizwa Rus amaViking, etholakala eningizimu the Khazar Khanate, intela ukuthi kwakudingeka akhokhe ukuhlanzwa. Ngakho, ebiza amaViking eRussia kwaba imigomo kuncike kokwenzekayo.

Umsuka wegama Rurik lwamakhosi

Ngesikhathi kwekhulunyaka evulekile ku imingcele eningizimu ebugqilini amandla Khazars, wayeka ekhokha intela kubo, futhi kwakungekho ukunikeza umphakathi imfundo, nenhloko-dolobha yalo eKiev. Ngesikhathi esifanayo enyakatho Novgorod uzishaya ithonya ovelele kule zonke-Russian inqubo isimo wokwakha. Ngakho, ngo-ukubangisana phambili phakathi izikhungo ezimbili Rus lasendulo ', ngalinye elikwazi wafuna ukuhola isimo nascent. ngokoqobo Slavic ayivunyelwe ukukhetha izikhulu uyakufanelekela kakhulu, yimuphi kubo babefuna ukuba ngiphane ngakho, ikakhulukazi enyakatho. Kwakukhona ukuxabana bayizikhulu ngenjongo amandla ke ukuqeda ukubangisana wayo wakudala othi, emhlanganweni, kwanqunywa ukuba ushayele Umfokazi, akazibandakanyi izingxabano wendawo amandla Novgorod. Kukhethwa wawela phezu Varyaga Ryurika nabafowabo. Unyaka sokushaya Varangians eRussia kwaqondana ekuqaleni yolunye ngesihluku emzabalazweni Novgorod, lapho iye yashesha ukuvela amaViking in the ezahlukene ERussia yasendulo.

Chronicle likuchaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi kokukhethwa Varangians eRussia kwaba nethonya elihle ku-ukuthuthukiswa alandelayo isimo. Ngokwe- "Tale of esidlule Iminyaka 'emazweni Slavic lalibukeka abazalwane abathathu Varangian Rurik sineus futhi truvor. Eyokuqala yalezi kwaba umthetho kule Poconos, bese eNovgorod, Sineus walawula Byelozero futhi umzalwane wesithathu e Izborsk. Ngemva kokufa umfowabo Rurik yanqoba ubunikazi kwabo amandla awo, futhi ngokushesha yonke enyakatho-ntshonalanga avela linqotshiwe ngalesi umuntu. Ishayela amaViking eRussia, usuku lomcimbi ke kunqunywa 862 mlando, futhi lapho kuthiwa amarekhodi umcimbi ebhaliwe. Ngo ngokwayo ke kwakungeke ezibalulekile, kodwa izenzakalo eyashintsha ngokuphelele ibalazwe Europe kanye nekusasa lezizwe eziningi nababusi.

North ishaya eNingizimu

AmaViking Befika Russia ukuqinisa kuqubuke impi phakathi kwamaqembu izikhungo ezimbili Russian ubukhosi. AmaViking namabutho awo enengcebo ukulwa nakho. Uma Rurik bagxila emizamweni yayo phezu ukudalwa umshini isimo elihlelwe kahle, khona-ke owamlandela abake bacabanga ekwandiseni ithonya labo. Lokhu yafukula isihlobo Ryurika Oleg, okwathi ngo 882 izikebhe, kanti ingcindezi wakwazi uthwebule Kiev futhi akuvumele. Nokho, imizamo ziveza amaViking njengoba abasunguli isimo Slavic akunanjongo nhlobo, ngoba kuvela ngenxa izinqubo ezithile ngaphakathi umphakathi. Yini ebaluleke kakhulu: ukushaya Varangians eRussia kwaba Umfutho ukuvela eyodwa, eyodwa esimweni Russian lasendulo.