Lemvelo yemvelo: ubudlelwane kanye nethonya

Uma uthi nhlá, indalo kanye physics imiqondo kubonakala nje engahambelani. Nokho, akunjalo. Iqiniso lokuthi imiphumela izifundo zesayensi yemvelo futhi isingeniso zabo zibe ukukhiqizwa yezimboni ungomunye wemithombo eyinhloko ukuthi zingcolisa indawo esizungezile. Kabanzi lokhu isayensi ukuze imboni yenuzi namandla, kanye neminye imikhakha eminingi emnothweni kazwelonke. Akusiyo imfihlo ukuthi wonke ngezinga elithile esilimaza imvelo yomuntu imvelo.

Ubudlelwano ngemvelo futhi physics

Zikhona izincazelo eziningana isiyalo eside ukuthi ufunda imvelo eplanethini yethu. Igama "ngemvelo" kwahlongozwa yi isazi sezinto eziphilayo u-Ernst German Haeckel ngo-1866 Kuyinto isayensi ezimele ezihlobene mkhakha wocwaningo begazi izwe elizungezile.

Omunye nekuhumusha elithi "ngemvelo" emphakathini wanamuhla lisezingeni elinjani ukungcola technogenic we uHlu Jikelele Lwamakheli, lenhlabathi nemithombo yamanzi. Le ndlela esiqonda ngayo yesayensi kakhulu "ngokomzimba". Emuva ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. emsebenzini izazi ezinjengo VI Vernadsky futhi A. Bogdanov, kwasikiselwa ukuthi imithetho inhlangano akhona hhayi nje kuphela ngohlobo. Basekuleso ezingaphili.

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-30-yalolucwaningo ukuba esikhundleni physics akhiwa Newton, kungcono quantum isiqondiso sakhe. VI Futhi leyo minyaka, Vernadsky waloba ukuthi lo muntu kuyinto yonke amancane noma uhlelo quantum.

izinkinga zemvelo

Ngesikhathi sigaba samanje ekukhuleni komphakathi, abacwaningi ukwakha isithombe yesayensi zomhlaba esekelwe Imithetho yemvelo, okuyinto Akuvezi futhi acabangele zonke ezikhula izinkinga zemvelo. Izinto ezenziwa abantu abe nethonya elikhulu kangaka kule planethi yethu ukuthi lokhu ayehlasela kumelwe ibekwe ku nohlaka oluthile futhi nakanjani kushintshwe. Kungenjalo, ingase izwe ebhekene iqiniso elivela kuzo izinhlekelele zemvelo.

Ezemfundo asemasha

Ukuze ukuxazulula izinkinga ezikhona e ezungezile, kubalulekile ukuthatha zonke izinyathelo kunokwenzeka. Omunye wabo inhlangano efanele yemfundo kwemvelo asemasha. Abafundi kumelwe siqondiswe kahle imithetho yemvelo nasesikhathini ebuhlotsheni osebukhona emphumeleni wokusebenza kwalo, kanye bakwazi ukuhlola futhi sibikezele imiphumela Ukungenela komuntu emhlabeni ophilayo kule mbulunga enguMhlaba.

izinhlelo lezemfundo ezweni lakithi zihlanganisa imfundo kwemvelo njengoba isihloko imikhakha eyahlukene. Yiqiniso Independent kulesi siqondiso akuyona olwenziwa. Kulokhu-ke abantu bangayithola imfundo enjalo likhona izinto okuqukethwe ezifana geography isayensi yemvelo, neyezinto eziphilayo. Ungaba nobuhlobo obuseduze nomunye futhi ngemvelo futhi physics.

Ukuvela eyala entsha

Zonke izinqubo ezenzeka ngokwemvelo, thola incazelo yabo isayensi ethile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa malungiselelo afanayo nezindlela eyala ehlukahlukene. Yingakho baqala ukuvela, izinkomba omusha wocwaningo. Lokhu-chemistry ngokomzimba futhi physics zamakhemikhali, imithi emzimbeni kanye physics yezokwelapha. Nokho, ehambisana kakhulu iyona inhlanganisela incazelo impumelelo physics kanye isayensi ukuthi study imvelo womuntu.

Vibration futhi umsindo

imihlola Okufanayo ngokucacile kakhulu ukuchaza ubudlelwane yezinto zemvelo noma yokuthakwa ngemvelo.

Cabanga nomqondo vibration. Kuyinto kunyakaza encane mechanical, okuyinto kungabonakala nasemkhakheni nemizimba yenyama. Kulokhu, njengoba physics ezihambisana nemvelo? Vibration chasiselwe izici kokuba umsebenzi okusezingeni eliphezulu begazi, ezithinta abantu. Imihlobo ehlukeneko zalesi simo, ikakhulukazi leyo umsuka ezenziwe umuntu, izimbangela zezifo ezifundazweni ezihlukahlukene emzimbeni. izifo Isixwa lilinganise yesibili kuphela uthuli lapho ucabangela izifo okhokhelwayo.

Ngisho njengoba physics ezihambisana nemvelo? Ngesifundo umsindo. Lo mqondo kuncuma iqoqo imisindo at amaza ezahlukene kanye kwemibala. Ngokwesibonelo, ekhuluma ku ekupha 50 kuya ku-60 dB, futhi umculo okhalela phezulu kulinganiselwa khona ukuthi 70 dB. Noise kuthinta umsebenzi bokuphila yomuntu wonke umzimba wakhe. Lapho kuvezwa ephezulu ezingeni umsindo kungenzeka pathologies ezehlukene, kuze ukulahlekelwa kukuzwa futhi ubuthulu. Futhi nangu obuseduze ngemvelo futhi physics yezokwelapha. Ecwaninga lezi zinto eyala imibuzo abe efanele ngokuqondene ukusetshenziswa abantu, ikakhulukazi isizukulwane esisha, omakhalekhukhwini kanye abadlali.

amasimu kagesi

Lemvelo yemvelo abanobuhlobo obuseduze ekuhloleni EMF empilweni yomuntu. Ngokukhethekile kunikezwa Amasimu kagesi ababuthakathaka futhi ultra-ongaphakeme, okuyinto ihambisa zesimanje ezenza futhi ezihlukahlukene imishini yezokuxhumana, kuhlanganise computer, omakhalekhukhwini kanye nezinye zobuchwepheshe.

Eplanethini yethu, kukhona EMFs zemvelo. Endaweni yabo kwakukhona kumiswa yonke ezihlukahlukene amafomu nezinhlobo yezinto eziphilayo. Kukhona ezinye izinkambu namuhla. Kukhona ongaphakeme-imvamisa (kufika ku amakhulu kilohertz). Lezi zihlanganisa uzibuthe wemvelo, itholakala amatshe, ugesi asemkhathini, olwandle futhi olwandle zasolwandle imihlola, umsuka izinhlayiya emkhathini.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona EMF ezenziwe umuntu. Isifundo sabo abathintekayo physics kanye nemvelo zokuphila. emisebeni enjalo kuyoba okuphephile ngokuphelele abantu, uma inani eliphelele, abazi idlule ngemuva zemvelo nazo kulo mhlaba. Ngu EMF yokufakelwa zihlanganisa Amasimu eyenziwe zobuchwepheshe, kuyi-TV nasemsakazweni kanye fixed kanye omakhalekhukhwini. Umthelela lezi zici kungaphansi kubantu zamanje. Ngenxa yalokho nocwaningo oluningi kuye kwabonisa umthelela ongemuhle EMF ezenziwe umuntu empilweni yomuntu. Kulokhu kuphela inkomba yokungena ebucayi kakhulu lokhu nomthelela amanzi kusuka okuyinto ngokuyisisekelo siqukethe umzimba wethu. EMF ukushintsha isakhiwo yayo, kanjalo kwakhinyabezeka umsebenzi uketshezi sokusebenza.

Physics kusiza imvelo kuleli cala? Ososayensi ibekwe umsebenzi ukuklama izindlela ephumelelayo EMF ukuthola nezindlela esiqinisekisa ukuphepha sazo zonke izinto eziphilayo.

Ikhompyutha nehhovisi Izimpahla

Ekucubunguleni degree of yemiphumela eyingozi PC Kuhilela eyala ezifana ngemvelo futhi physics. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-computer abe nomthelela omubi empilweni yethu ngokwezinga elikhulu kunanoma iyiphi enye zobuchwepheshe. Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa, emva kwemizuzu 45 kuphela umsebenzi umsebenzisi PC ngaphandle ukuvikelwa, elamukelayo sindisa eqakathekileko yomsebenzi wehlelo izinhlelo zokulawula umzimba.

Ubungozi Abantu kuphela, kanye nemishini ehhovisi ezifana izingcingo, ngefeksi kanye nezinsizakalo amakhophi. Kukhona ngisho amaqembu abantu athize ezinezici buyinkimbinkimbi, okuyinto ngokuvamile Kunconywa ukusebenza ngesikhathi ikhompyutha. Omunye salezi zigaba - izingane.

Futhi PC bayingozi hhayi ngenxa yalabo abahlezi ngqo ngemuva kwesikrini qapha. emisebeni kagesi kusukela PC, ikakhulukazi kusukela amandla ayo ukuthengisela, kwasakazwa ngaphakathi endaweni engaba 2.5 m. Yingakho umthelela zasehhovisi manje beba yisici esibalulekile ucabangela ukuphepha kagesi.

Household Izisethenziswa

Ngaphandle abasizi kweqiniso kagesi Awukwazi ukwenza ongashadile namuhla. Kodwa kubalulekile sikhumbule ukuthi zonke izinto zikagesi kumandla we-AC, iwumthombo oqondile emasimini kagesi. Lokhu-microwave oven futhi amafriji enamandla, Ohhavini kagesi nokuqondisayo. Ngokuthenga leli thuluzi, kubalulekile ukuba banake nokuhambisana sanitary ipasipoti nezimfuneko eziqanjwe amazinga sanitary umthetho eziqukethwe MSanPiN 001-96.

ionizing emisebeni

Lapho ukusebenzisa physics nendalo? Izibonelo ubuhlobo obunjalo kungabonakala nasemkhakheni isifundo yokukhishwa kwemisebe. umphumela wawo izinto ongizalayo nomphumela determenirovanny umbundu, a stochastic-embundwini.

Acute ezithinta isici ngemisebe eyodwa komzimba womuntu umthamo ukumuncwa idlula 0.25 gy. Amanani lokhu ubuningi, ngokuba ku ezahlukene kusukela 0.25 0.5 Hz, kubangele kuphela izinguquko zesikhashana igazi. Ngezinye umthamo 0.5 1.5 Hz kubantu kuphakama ukukhathala, futhi ngezinye izikhathi into ezimbi like ukuhlanza.

Kuze kube manje, abacwaningi abaye bahlola kahle ngemiphumela mayelana nomzimba womuntu, esizolokhu emisebeni ionizing. Ngokuhambisana Imiphumela etholwe bayatfutfuka ezihlukahlukene izinyathelo zokwelapha kanye zokuvimbela ezingaba ukuvikela umzimba kusuka uyifake radionuclides.

ukushisa izinjini

Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, kufanele njalo ukuhlangana izinjini ezahlukene. Bakhonza ukushayela izimoto futhi ezindizeni, ogandaganda kanye nemikhumbi, futhi ujantshi abahamba izitimela zamalahle. Heat injini, njengoba umthetho, ekhiqizwa nomsinga kagesi. Akukhona ukubukeka futhi ukuqhubeka lolu hlobo amadivaysi technical nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni okusheshayo umkhakha ekhulwini 18-20.

Namuhla singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi ubuhlobo obuseduze kakhulu kukhona ukushisa izinjini kanye nemvelo. Physics isayensi uhlola ukulahlekelwa ukushisa izinjini ezifana, okuyinto abangela ukwanda energy zangaphakathi yemizimba ezizungezile hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi emkhathini. Lokhu kunomthelela kubangela Isivuvu emkhathini, okuyinto kunomthelela omubi isimo nemvelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela leyingoti emvelweni babe yangaphakathi omlilo izinjini of izindiza, izimoto, nesithando somlilo sasishisa edingekayo yokuqhuba izitshalo amandla ezishisayo. bona bonke engcolisa umkhathi kuyalimaza kakhulu impilo ejenti ethu, okwathi ngemva uthole emanzini ebusweni nomhlabathi. Konke lokhu kubangela izinguquko inhlekelele ezithile endaweni esikuyo.

Yimiphi imisebenzi ye-physics ezihlobene imvelo? Ezweni lethu, umzabalazo esebenzayo komoya. Kuyinto yokuthuthukisa nekusebenta izinjini ezishisayo of izimoto, esebenza kahle ukusetshenziswa fuel, futhi flue igesi separators. TEP nezinye izinto zalolu hlobo iyisingeniso eziyinkimbinkimbi ukucutshungulwa eluhlaza wamisa qeda ipayipi ubude.

isimo ndaba

Ekuhloleni ngale ndaba kuyabonakala ngokucacile isixhumanisi ukuthi has a physics esimisweni semvelo. Izibonelo zalokhu ingatholakala into yemvelo, njengoba umjikelezo wamanzi. Ekuhloleni isihloko vaporization kanye ukufingqa kusobala uxhumano ebonakalayo phakathi kwalezi wesayensi ezimbili. Ngempela, ngokwemvelo ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo lokushisa kwenzeka ukuhwamuka umswakama ebusweni kwenhlabathi namanzi.

Ukudlula amanzi esifundazweni sase-umusi iwukufingqwa emkhathini. Ngenxa lesi simanga kwakheka amafu amhlophe futhi phansi dewing, isichotho noma iqhwa. Emvelweni, kukhona esele ezithile phakathi inani lamanzi okuyinto iyasha kusukela ebusweni bomhlaba, nokuthi okuyinto emkhathini.

Kulokhu, njengoba umphumela physics emvelweni? Umuntu inqubo enamandla okudalwe yilo isayensi okwaziyo ukubhubhisa amadamu, okuholela ukuphazamiseka ibhalansi yemvelo. Isimo esisha kuyoba engajwayelekile eziphilayo ezihlala kule ndawo. Yingakho ngaphambi kokuba wenze i nsada ukwakheka, indoda kubalulekile ukuhlola zonke engaba khona izenzo zabo.

okusheshayo

Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa sifundwa kuwo physics amakilasi. Nokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo ne icutshungulwe balezi zingane kufanele ufunde mayelana okusheshayo ngokwemvelo ngokuvamile yokuthi emhlabathini, umoya namanzi ezingcolisayo anikezwa.

Isibonelo umsebenzi izitshalo Metallurgical. With Isivinini ukuhlakazwa encane ukhiphe ngokusebenzisa igesi ipayipi cishe ekuqongeleleni izinto eziyingozi phezu kwendawo lapho kukhona ukukhiqizwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa ukwanda okusheshayo of izakhi eziyingozi ukungena izitshalo kanye nezilwane nabantu.

izinhlobo ukuqeqeshwa

Kuleso simo, it izuzwe ukusetshenziswa ngokuphelele amathuba abafundi imfundo kwemvelo? Lokhu kudinga ukusetshenziswa zonke izinhlobo isethulo ukuthi kukhona ezimisiwe yangemva umsebenzi, imisebenzi yangemva kwesikole, ukuxazulula inkinga physics ngokuqukethwe semvelo.

Isimo kubalulekile ekuphumeleleni kuyoba ubambe izingane amaphrojekthi ezahlukene ucwaningo, nemidanti nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nempilo yabantu. Awu ukukhumbula izinto zithunyelwe futhi kuzovumela lo thisha watshela indaba emvelweni physics. Lemvelo kumele kube khona ngesimo izinhlamvu ezinkulu nezincane, izenzo zabo nezindlela yegoli mpumelelo.

Njengoba izifundo uthisha physics unaka kakhulu ukuba ikhambi izinkinga, kubalulekile nje ukunikeza okuqukethwe kwemvelo isimo sabo, kodwa futhi ukuheha abafundi ukuze nixoxe ngamanye amakhambi ngokuya izinkinga ezikhona ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa amafutha kanye energy imithombo, le Ukuvuselela Uhlaza Lwehlathi zokuthutha, umkhakha Lezokulima umnotho.