Izibalo zomlando: osopolitiki, ososayensi, lempi

Umbuzo abaningi abalobi nesimangaliso, isazi sefilosofi, isazi-mlando, Owenza umlando? Ubuntu Omkhulu - zomlando izibalo? Noma isizwe - isisindo zomlando? Mhlawumbe, nalabo nabanye. Ezinye bomlando Russia nezwe ukuba amfake isiphetho ezinkulungwane futhi izigidi zabantu, uzobe echazwe esihlokweni.

Umlando kanye nesazisi

Isihloko indima evelele ongqondongqondo olulodwa umuntu emlandweni ukunakekelwa ukuthi emakhulwini amaningana eminyaka, kusukela ngomzuzu ukuthi basungula ifilosofi zomlando. Amagama emlandweni ezifana uNapoleon, eColumbus, e-Washington, Macedonian, eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke. Laba bantu kufakwe umlando njengoba osopolitiki omkhulu, ososayensi, zokuma kwendawo, ozenze ukuthuthukiswa lesintu negalelo elikhulu. Zasungula noma ngokuphelele waphula lwemibono yokuphila evamile. Isibonelo sabo utjengisa ukukhambelana zinto senkolelo-mbono identity, eqinile futhi oluvelele, ungamandla ukushayela yomlando. Kukhona ngisho isitatimende zefilosofi yomlando - akulutho ngaphezu incazelo izimpilo ubuntu okukhulu.

izibalo Foreign ovelele

bomlando Europe - ngokuyinhloko labo abantu abamthetho izandla amandla liye bagxila. Lona umuntu wafuna nokunqoba izwe. Omunye abanqobi edumile emhlabeni wokuqala baba Yuliy Tsezar. Kafushane echaza imisebenzi yakhe, kufanele kuphawulwe indima ebalulekile nokwandisa imingcele uMbuso WaseRoma (Caesar republic Roman), izinguquko yeningi (isibonelo, usekelo amasosha ubudala, beletha amandla abantu abavamile), kanye namakhono zokuphatha, ezempi, kanye nemisebenti yekubhala.

Omkhulu, uGenghis Khan, uNapoleon, uHitler - emlandweni owaziwayo Europe, ezazifuna ukuba sibuse izwe. Bonke ashiye uphawu lwawo emlandweni esindayo.

izibalo Ezivelele Russia

Ivan Grozny no-Aleksandru saseNevsky, uPetru mina, uCatherine II Elikhulu, uNicholas mina - umuntu, eyaba nethonya elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni Russia. Kwakumelwe wangaleso kubalulekile zikhathi zomlando. Lezi kanye nezinye oluvelele bomlando Russia nengxenye sempi, leli thimba lalimelela izithakazelo yezwe, olwesimanje izisekelo ekhona.

Izibalo olukhulu Kievan Rus

A fighter for ubuqotho emazweni Russian, indoda Orthodox kweqiniso, iqhawe abanesibindi Wayengubani u-Alexander saseNevsky. Nevskaya impi lapho u-Alexander wazibonakalisa njengoba kusho owaleli omkhulu, kuyisenzakalo esibalulekile emlandweni wezwe. Wabonisa amandla nesibindi abantu Russian. Alexander saseNevsky (saseNevsky Battle ubufakazi) iphethwe ukuhlanganisa Novgorod futhi Ladoga squads dudula ukumelana abaseSweden ku 1240, lapho bevumela ukunwetshwa yamaKatolika.

Abaholi izidlamlilo Okwesibili ngokumelene kokungenela Western e iminyaka Nezinkinga eRussia - Dmitry Pozharsky futhi Kuzma Minin - nawo afeza indima ebalulekile emlandweni waleli zwe. Bona bekhululiwe Russia kowezizwe ukuvimbela ukubhujiswa lizwe kanye kokugumbuqelwa yenkolelo.

Izibalo ezinkulu of the Empire, Russian

abavelele zezombusazwe Russia ezibhekwa uPetru noCatherine. UPetru ngokuyinhloko eyaziwa ngokuthi wezinguquko kanye umnqobi. Naye uMbuso Russian waba omunye imibuso yezwe ehola. Imingcele wandisa waphuma aseBaltic Sea, iPacific Ocean, yoLwandle iCaspian. Domestic Politika Petra futhi elithelayo. Washintsha impi, lasolwandle wadala. Peter (ngemva kwakhe uCatherine II Elikhulu) alalelwa kakhulu imfundo yezwe.

Catherine nomthelela kuvulwa izikhungo zemfundo, ucwaningo yolwazi nasezikhungweni zamasiko. Waqhubeka inqubomgomo uPetru ngokusho isikhundla waseRussia emhlabeni. ukuphila Nokho kanzima ngaphansi kwababusi esikhulu sabantu abavamile, lapho izimpi ezazilwela, izintela anda kwaqina ukugqilazwa. Ukubuyela embuzweni othi kudala emlandweni, ungakwazi ukuphendula ukuthi bangabafokazi abanegama amandla futhi bachithe uquqaba ukuze afinyelele imigomo kwezomnotho nakwezombusazwe.

Famous bomlando ekhulwini XX

Tipping ekhulwini emlandweni emazweni amaningi emhlabeni, yobudala esindayo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, inkanyezi alethwe esiteji emhlabeni osopolitiki abadumile ezifana Lenin, umholi kaThatcher, Churchill, uStalin, Roosevelt, uHitler nabanye. Lenin, owayebizwa ngokuthi umholi, yabulala umbuso futhi lakha umbuso wokuqala emhlabeni zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni. Akukho kubukwa olulodwa zobuntu bakhe nemisebenzi. Uyini umonakalo odalwe imisebenzi yayo? Yiqiniso, ezinye izinguquko yakhe kanye nezinguquko umthelela ezuzisayo phezu umphakathi kanye nezwe. Lena ngokuyinhloko wokuqeda lombhalo division of umphakathi, ukwethulwa universal access to education nemithi.

Iosif Stalin, isibonelo, sekuyisikhathi eside kubhekwe isithixo kuso sonke isibalo sabantu Union. Stalin, ngaphansi kokubusa letiphutfumako lapho live letfu imzuzele kunqoba okukhulu empini, kwaba lonelulaka. Kuphela ngemva kokuwa yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi ubuntu ngaqala ukuvula amafayela yakhe incriminating. Iosif Stalin kwaholela inqubomgomo nokhahlo awuzange wacabangela ukubukwa kwabanye abantu, abajezise, abantu bachithe uyakhathaza uhlelo lweminyaka emihlanu futhi collectivisation, kodwana ngakhulela izwe ezingeni ukubangisana kwemibuso emikhulu.

ojenene Ezivelele Russian

Emlandweni eRussia ayehlaselwa khona izikhathi eziningi ezinzima - izimpi esiyingozi futhi igazi. Isiphetho ezweni kaningi ezandleni abalawuli bamabutho amakhono abo amasu kanye nombono. izindaba emangalisayo kwekhasi ezihlobene imisebenzi yezempi A. V Suvorova, M. I. Kutuzova, P. S. Nahimova, A. A. Brusilova, G. K. Zhukova nezinye ojenene namaqhawe, lapho labantu ubophekile esibhakabhakeni okunokuthula futhi izwe - ukuwina udumo.

Okukhulu kunakho nomholi wezempi kubhekwe ukuba Suvorov A. V, njengoba ayephethe Polish abakhaliphile Turkish, futhi ekupheleni ukuphila futhi umkhankaso Italy. ithalente lakhe futhi umbono omusha kwempi, wanqoba emadolobheni amaningi aseYurophu futhi Asian. Omunye Kuzonyuka edume kunazo Suvorov ubhekwa Swiss, okuyinto, ebhekene yokuntuleka umthwalo yebutho Austria, izimo ezingezinhle futhi ngosizi amasosha, wakwazi ukunqoba okukhulu.

Kutuzov M. I. iqhaza ekusebenzeni eziningi zamasosha, kodwa udumo emhlabeni wonke bamlethela umyalo yempi ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili waseFrance. Ngemva izimpi asiphumelelanga kakhulu ukumelana nebutho French Kutuzov zinhlanga, kodwa injongo yayo kwaba - ukuze ucede French futhi axoshe entshonalanga. Kutuzov isu lobuciko babephumelele ekwenzeni, futhi umbuso wanqoba.

Personality G. K. Zhukova ingenye impikiswano kakhulu phakathi yisakhiwo sodumo emlandweni. Thanda ubuntu eziningi eqinile, Zhukov uthanda ukugxeka, ukuhlola izenzo zakhe, ukunqabela izimo zawo. Ngokungananazi ukuthi ngumyalo omkhulu kunayo yonke emlandweni. Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, wathunyelwa endaweni komkhulu isitha ukuhlaselwa. Izindlela zakhe zesibhakela, kanzima futhi ezimisele emsebenzini. Ukunqoba kuqala empini iwine Amasosha Yelnya, lapho wayala Zhukov. Waqale eyayithengwe Marshal uhlelo beqhuba impi ngesikhathi eKursk Bulge, owawuthi amabutho kufanele ngenjongo ukuvikela kanye ukubaleka, bese ehlele. Leli su lobuciko lomkhakha wasebenza - wahlulwa, ukuthonya Yiqiniso obengeziwe empini. It yadalwa imisebenzi ojenene brilliant, abaphathi bamahhovisi kanye amasosha sesibindi. Zhukova G. K. yayiphawuleka ngokuthambekela isu esiyingqayizivele, ukunakekela amasosha, izidingo ezikhethekile osomaqhinga, ngokucophelela ukuhlela izimpi.

ososayensi Ezivelele Russian

I kunazo owaziwa izibalo Russian zezombusazwe kuchaziwe ngenhla. Nokho, hhayi kuphela osopolitiki abanamakhono futhi osomaqhinga nezwe elivundileyo Russian. Abantu ezenza lizwe phambili kwezesayensi - kukhona ososayensi. Izithelo zomsebenzi bokusungula ososayensi Russian kukhona emazweni amaningi emhlabeni. PN Yablochkov wadala isibani, V. K. Zvorykin - electron microscope, kanye ihlelwe ithelevishini, SP Korolev aklame lokuqala ballistic nangomcibisholo, mkhathi emhlabeni, futhi owokuqala yokufakelwa Earth satellite.

Lonke isiqondiso yezesayensi sidalwe A. P. Vinogradovym - lokhu Geochemistry IKhompyuthaYami. Wasebenzela ezinhle kuleli zwe I. V Kurchatov, ukwakha isikhungo esiphehla ugesi wenuzi kuqala. Ithimba lakhe wadala ngebhomu le-athomu.

Ungase futhi uqaphele imisebenzi ososayensi abaqavile futhi odokotela. MA Novinsky kwaba umsunguli Oncology zokuhlola. S. S. Yudin kuqala ukukhuluma mayelana nokwenzeka kokumpompela igazi abantu ngokuzumayo ushonile. SS Bryukhonenko baba mdali apharathasi kwegazi yokufakelwa. Ezivelele Russian anatomist NI Pirogov kwaba Atlas lokuqala anatomy, owokuqala kuleli zwe ukusebenzisa izinzwa.

abaculi Omkhulu

Isiko lithuthuka nge esintwini, ngakho, yebo, abameleli imfundo nazo Abadali yomlando. Udumo nenhlonipho esetshenziswa abaculi isiRashiya, abalobi, izimbongi, abadwebi, abenzi mafilimu, nezinye abaculi. Andrei Rublev,: abaculi kumele geniuses of iconography Russian waphawula Feofana Greka futhi noDiyonisiyu. Izithombe emisebenzini yabo ngobukhulu futhi kuyiqiniso. Talented landscape abadwebi babe I. K. Ayvazovsky, I. I. Shishkin, A. K. Savrasov. I portraitists elikhulu: S. S. Schukin, VA Tropinin, A. Bryullov, V. A. Serov nabanye.

Kumiswa ballet Russian futhi izwe lihlotshaniswa namagama inothi omkhulu Russian: O. A. Spesivtsevoy, G. S. Ulanovoy, A. P. Pavlovoy, M. M. Plisetskoy. Zihlanganisiwe lonke okuqinisekile kuleli umlando isiko Russian.

Imisebenzi abalobi Russian captivate abantu abavela emhlabeni wonke. Ubuciko A. S. Pushkina, F. M. Dostoevskogo, N. V Gogolya, L. N. Tolstogo, M. A. Bulgakova nabanye hit isitayela esiyingqayizivele, ukuziphatha nekhono lokungacasuli, iziza, balingisi, nefilosofi yangempela yokuphila.