Ngabanikazi bomhlaba, enikeziwe in the izimo yesevisi: oda nezici kobunikazi

Land bekulokhu impikiswano nokungqubuzana okungaka. Kuyinto ngenxa evundile, sise imilomo nemifula emikhulu, iqala impi yokuqala. Kamuva amakhosi asendulo noMbusi wababusi wafuna ukwandisa amasimu impahla yayo kakhulu nokuningi, batfobele futhi izakhamuzi zakhona. Ngakho, ayephikisana ukugcwala amandla akhe. Ngakho uvele futhi kwaqinisa isimo. Ngakho, ngabanikazi bomhlaba bekulokhu omunye izimpawu ebaluleke kakhulu kwezomnotho namandla. Lesi simo uyaqhubeka namuhla.

izimiso eziyisisekelo ubunikazi ezweni eRussia

Isikhathi lapho kwakuyinto evamile ukuba wonke amalungu omphakathi, eyathatha isikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Ubunjalo besintu ngokwesisekelo bathambekele ufuna ukujabulela izinzuzo impucuko wedwa futhi ngokuzimela. Kungenxa yokuthi lokhu isifiso futhi waqala ukwakha ubunikazi bomhlaba. Yini lo mqondo?

Fikile impahla eRussia - ke yifa isayithi ngumuntu othize (kokubili okungokomzimba zomthetho) ilungelo ubunikazi, ukuqasha, njll ...

Phakathi yokubusa kwamakhosi, kwakukhona izigaba ezihlukahlukene lo mqondo. Ngakho, kwaba esontweni, sezindela, idolobha, Posadskoe zobunikazi bomhlaba kanye, yebo, yangasese. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iRussia kwakubhekwa njengesibusiso izwe lapho indoda iyikhanda lomndeni, ukuthi kukhona madolonzima ukuba amukele imikhuba engcono lamazwe angaphandle, uhlelo lwaso endaweni kusakazwa ophucukile okuningi kuna, isibonelo, Ethiopia. Lapho, lonke izwe kuyinto ngokuphelele ezandleni autocrat, ngubani ngendlela ethile ukuqasha ke isihloko. Zonke izintela kanye nezintela kuqoqwa wakhe zanqwabelana yengcebo isimo.

Umcabango patrimony

Kwaze kwaba cishe ngekhulu le-15 ezweni lethu, kukhona omunye uhlobo ngabanikazi bomhlaba bangasese. Babengesilo patrimony. Uma siqhathanisa, futhi ngabanikazi bomhlaba, enikezwe ku nemibandela yokusebenza, umehluko, yebo, kukhona. Patrimony zabantu abathambekele ekuphihlizaneni babe amalungelo endawo futhi badlulisela inzalo yabo. ubunikazi Ukubambezeleka umhlaba eRussia ihlanganisa ukwenziwa ngaphakathi kube abasebenzi abathile zokuphatha, ezaziphethe iqoqo izintela inhlangano abalimi.

Yona kanye Umsuka wegama elithi "patrimony" (impahla zikababa) kwakusho sici zako ezisemqoka - ithuba ngofuzo. It wayevela leli fomu umhlaba ngisho Kievan Rus. Njengomthetho, abanikazi baba izikhulu namalungu esiphawulekayo squad, kanti boyars. Ngemva ukwamukelwa of kwavela ubuKristu futhi izigodi isonto.

Phakathi kwehlukana nezombusazwe esimweni lolu hlobo ubunikazi kwaba ngesisekelo feudalism. Land okuqondene izikhulu, sanda ngenxa imiklomelo, ukuhlengwa nokunqoba kwakhe ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane. Iphinde kwaholela ekutheni izikhulu zibonise ukwanda eside futhi izigodi abanikazi ukuthonya ukuphila kwezomnotho kanye nezepolitiki Russia.

ngabanikazi bomhlaba, enikeziwe in the ukusebenza izimo emsebenzini: kuyini?

Ngekhulu le-15 kukhona uhlelo manorial. Linomqondo ukunikezwa abantu ukukhonza kahle umbuso, umhlaba Holdings. Kuyinto kokubili umvuzo ukusebenza ezithembekile nemisebenzi yakhe. Ngesikhathi ngokubona ngabanikazi bomhlaba bazimele enikeziwe in the ukusebenza izimo emsebenzini, kungaba okwesikhashana (ie kuze umuntu usebenza) futhi njalo (ukwedlulela umuntu ukuphila).

Estate - kuyini?

Phakathi nekhulu le-15 e-Russia, indlela entsha ubunikazi bomhlaba. I izindlu - kuyinto ekhethekile uhlobo impahla, ifa lezwe, ilungelo ehlinzekwe wezempi noma ayimpoqo umphakathi. Kube analogue leli qiniso eYurophu. Ngokwesibonelo, eSpain, ifa ngokuthi Hacienda, futhi Portugal - Hacienda.

Ukuze ukwehlukanisa leli fomu kobunikazi izwe kusukela ezinye, isibonelo, kusukela izigodi, kubalulekile ukugqamisa izici eziyinhloko ke. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• Siqu. I izindlu olunikezwa umuntu othile, futhi azifani isikhundla esithile.
• Lesikhashana. Beka nendoda eyayi kuphela isikhathi esithile, lapho ngokuvamile bagcina nge ekunqanyulweni kwe isevisi isimo noma wezempi.
• Okunemibandela. I izindlu wakhishwa umuntu isizathu, futhi esenana ukuthi ngeke bafeze imisebenzi ethile maqondana isimo.
• Ukungakwazi bachithe. Umuntu bangaphila ubuphansi, ukubamba umsebenzi wezolimo, ukuzingela kanye nokunye. D. Kodwa ukudlulisela ubunikazi ezweni inikezwe noma umsebenzi, libe yifa lenu, ilungelo adayise noma ukudayisa awuzange ube. Uma isikhulu yaxoshwa emsebenzini wakhe, waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye ifa, kanye nempahla yabo.

Lawa izici eziyinhloko oluhlukanisa ifa.

ubunikazi Land eRussia yesimanje

Namuhla, izinto zishintshile. Ngubani isakhamuzi Russian Federation (kanye nanoma yimuphi umuntu wangaphandle) zingaba ngabanikazi isiqephu sezwe ngalezi zizathu ezilandelayo:

• ubunikazi;
• ilungelo esaphila ifa inheritable;
• ilungelo ukuqasha;
• ilungelo ukusetshenziswa ephakade.

Lesi sici ngokoMthetho Wesizinda Russian uMthethosisekelo (Art. 35).