Umlando izikole emhlabeni

Lonke umlando imfundo nokuqeqeshwa kuhlehlela emuva ekuqaleni kwempucuko kunozungezilanga wethu. Ngo impucuko cishe yonke lasendulo waqala ukuqeqeshwa ukuvela izikole anikeze umbono lokubhala. Ukwakhiwa kohlelo lwezemfundo angabhekwa ngesibonelo umlando wesikole eGibhithe lasendulo. Ngisho ngesikhathi Old boMbuso baqala ukuvela esigodlweni sikaFaro ezikoleni kuqala. Zadalelwa ukufundisa abakhi, abaklami odokotela nezikhulu sokufunda wasondela kakhulu futhi, njengoba umthetho, abantu abavamile ukuba angawi.

Nge ukuqhubeka umlando isimo ukuvela izikole kwaqhubeka, kwakukhona izikole at amasonto. ngokubhala Lapha wafundisa, lo msebenzi ngaleso sikhathi kwakuwukuthola bayindlala kakhulu. Kamuva, lapho izikhungo ezinkulu umbuso ube izikole lapho abafana ikakhulukazi abaqeqeshiwe abaneminyaka engu-7 kuya ku-16. Izinto eziyinhloko owawukufunda lizinga lekufundza nekubhala, ngokubhala kanye nekubala. abafundi Ukubhala baye basebenzisa mncane mhlanga Wand futhi esimnyama, futhi umugqa omusha uqala ngopende obomvu. Yingakho igama "umugqa obomvu." ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe kule ncwadi izingane ukwenziwa ophucuziwe limestone amapuleti, njengoba ubhala kuyi-papyrus kwakubiza kakhulu. Plates eyenziwe Umncele emgqeni noma esitokisini, kuye ekufundiseni ngale ndaba. umlando School namanje ezigcinwe uhlelo notebook futhi esitokisini.

Uma umfundi enekhono kahle ukubhala namakhono, yena uvunyelwe ukubhala encwadini encane nge-papyrus. Ngokukhethekile letikhetselwe ematheksthi, okuqukethwe okwasiza okunye ukuqeqeshwa ongoti esizayo (eyaliwe emaculweni wemibhalo yenkolo). Umlando yentuthuko esikoleni eGibhithe lasendulo, uthi ngalezo zinsuku eziningi abayinakanga ukudalwa imitapo, basuke eqoqwe futhi wagcina imibhalo yasendulo. Lapho abavubukuli wathola nencwajana yokubhalela necebo yezinkinga ezihlukahlukene eziwusizo, njengalezo ukubala inani lezisebenzi ngenxa imisebenzi yokwakhiwa, kwencazelo acreage edingekayo kanye nabanye. izikhulu Ikusasa eGibhithe banikezwa isabelo ngekhanda imibhalo yenkolo, at ephakeme imikhakha yemfundo uye wakwenza ngesayensi esisebenzayo.

umlando esikoleni eGibhithe libonisa ukuthi ngaphezu izihloko core, abafundi babehilelekile ukubhukuda, ukuzivocavoca Gymnastic, wafunda imikhuba emihle. Ephakeme ukwazi ukuthumela izingane zabo ezikoleni ezingezona ezempi. Abafundi ezikoleni enamathiselwe emathempelini wafunda astronomy kanye imithi, kodwa ukunakekela okukhethekile wanikwa imfundo yezenkolo. indlela enjalo yentuthuko, njengoba umlando ukuvela izikole, abaqeqeshwe nakwezinye izizwe zasendulo. Kukhona amaqiniso amaningi obufakazela ekilasini kanye nabafundi e impucuko eBhabhiloni, eNdiya yasendulo neChina, kanye nempucuko we Maya Aztec.

Yaqhubeka umlando ukuthuthukiswa yayo isikole kudala njengoba eRoma lasendulo bese kuba iGrisi. Khona-ke, esikoleni akuhlanganisi yesimanje. Othisha kufanele umfundi oyedwa kuphela, futhi zazingekho izakhiwo esikoleni. Kamuva zefilosofi futhi amagagu waqala ukuqeqesha kakade abafundi eziningana ukuzifunda izinkulumo ezintweni ezihlukahlukene uhlakaniphile. By endleleni, igama elithi "isikole" lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu ngesiGreki ngokuthi "yokuzilibazisa ngezinga elingakanani." Kuyathakazelisa, akunjalo? A owaziwa sefilosofi uPlato wadala esikoleni sakhe esincane, anibizela khona iSikhungo Sezemfundo. Ngakho njengoba isikhathi siqhubeka umlando esikoleni futhi ekugcineni baba yikho kanye lokho manje sesiyazi ke. ERussia yasendulo igama elithi "isikole" zaqala ukusetshenziswa, kusukela ekhulwini XIV, nakuba kakade ekhulwini XI kwakukhona isikole esigodlweni Prince uVladimir ekhatsi Kiev, futhi 1030 Yaroslav Mudry wasungula isikole eNovgorod. Ohlelweni lwezemfundo yayihlanganisa lasendulo ubuciko eziyisikhombisa ovulekile: the ezintathu eziyinhloko (uhlelo lolimi, mpendulo futhi dialectic) nasizayo (izibalo futhi geometry, ukufunda izinkanyezi nomculo). yokufundisa Okokuqala kwakufanele WaseByzantium, bese ukuba ososayensi bethu.