Uketshezi lacrimal - ukuthi kuyini nokuthi kuyini lokho?

Umuntu namuhla uyazi okuningi mayelana ekusebenzeni umzimba wakhe. Kodwa kuwufanele ukukhumbula ukuthi kukhona izitho ezincane nezindlala ngaphezu izinhlelo ezinkulu ezibalulekile. Basuke asezindaweni ezikahle kulo lonke umzimba futhi udlale indima ebalulekile impilo jikelele zomzimba. Isibonelo salokhu Amapayipi izinyembezi, lapho isimo yomsebenzi wethu incike iso.

Kuyini yensimbi?

Indlala ngokuthi umzimba, okuyinto akhiwa amangqamuzana secretory. Isetshenziselwa ukwenziwa izinto ezithile ezahlukene amakhemikhali nemvelo. Iron kungaba okukhipha elakhiwe imfihlo noma ngaphandle nibonakala kubantu nilungile imvelo sangaphakathi i umzimba. Njengoba isibonelo, lezi zindikimba kungabangela iziteshi womuntu lacrimal, izindlala endocrine, amanyikwe.

Ngemizimba dweba out imfihlo, ngokuthi exocrine. Izindlala, esikhiqiza imfihlo kwemiqondo bungene egazini noma uhlelo lymph, ngokuthi endocrine.

nezindlala lacrimal yomuntu. indawo

Ukucinga lacrimal indlala kufanele kube ngezansi nje onqenqemeni eliphezulu yangaphandle kwezisekelo iso. Ikakhulukazi kubo, kwakhiwa fossa lacrimal e ikhefu elingashoni ithambo engaphelele. Ukuze insimbi ingahlangani ukuhambisa, kukhona amaviyo lunemicu okungukuthi, ukusekela imisipha iso nezinkophe, ngaphezu kwalokho baqhubeka okunamafutha izicubu. Ngokwesilinganiso, umuntu omdala, lezi zindikimba babe Ubukhulu 10h20h5 mm. Inesisindo akukho engaphezu kweyodwa yensimbi 0.8 g

isakhiwo

Ngokusho oyiyo indlala lacrimal alveolar-ijabulise. Siqukethe iyizingxenye ezimbili ezingalingani:

• esemkhathini, esemgwaqweni phezulu futhi ivolumu kancane;
• palpebral, othiwa iyizingxenye aphansi.

Phakathi ukwabelana, okuyinto kuveza uketshezi lacrimal, kuba imisipha fascia obhekene oqeda leso elingenhla. Kusukela ngamunye wabo uya 5-6 mapayipi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bagcina ehlangana ku ukugeleza esisodwa esikhulu.

Ingxenye engezansi indlala has a esangweni. Ngabo aba ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni nelifakayo letiphakela umzimba ngegazi, lymph kanye main umdlavuza imbobo, lapho bonke Amapayipi encane izinyembezi bukhomba. Mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi we imbobo ivuliwe kule conjunctiva. okhiqizwayo ivuliwe engxenyeni engaphandle, mayelana 5 mm ukusuka iphuzu angaphandle leso elingenhla. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona osenyameni esingeziwe ipheshana excretory. Lezi Amapayipi encane futhi bagcina ophahleni conjunctiva. Ezinye iziteshi izinyembezi uketshezi uboniswa ingxenye yesikhashana we conjunctiva, abanye - in the canthus yangaphandle. Lapho umuntu ovala amehlo akhe, ukukhala ligeleza onqenqemeni emuva amajwabu amehlo, lapho ukusakaza izinyembezi, futhi ngokusebenzisa amachibi izinyembezi emigodini encane egama-Isivalo.

I phatha engenhla, uhamba eduze iso isokhethi ithambo emgodini, ngokuthi sac lacrimal. Izindonga zayo zisenza sibe izindlela eziningi ngokusebenzisa yiwo ogelezela uketshezi izinyembezi.

Ingxenye engezansi indlala lacrimal itholakala subaponevroticheskom ingxenye ngaphansi ijwabu leso engezansi. Siqukethe lobules eziningi yokuxhuma. Ziyakwazi ngokuvamile 25-30 izicucu. Zonke ivela Amapayipi we lobules ziboniswa indlala enkulu.

Ngo ithambo ogangeni elingaphandle umgodi acinene sihamba eduze nasolacrimal imbobo. Lesi siteshi slezovyvodyaschy kuvula phakathi komgodi acinene we slot ekhethekile phansi echibini. Valve umqhewu imbozwe kusukela emphethweni mucosal.

imisebenzi

I nezindlala lacrimal ukukhiqiza mfihlo ekhethekile okusamanzi okungaphathwa inezici eziningi:

• ukususwa emizimbeni bezinye izizwe abavela emaqenjini iso othulig;
• ukuvikelwa omiswe ebusweni;
• ukulethwa izakhamzimba i-cornea kanye conjunctiva;
• kwalungiswa izinkunga zokubona yokukhanya;
• Lubrication umzabalazo kwekhulu;
• Ukuvikelwa elwa namagciwane.

Kuyini izinyembezi?

uketshezi lacrimal - a transudate ecacile aqoqana a serous (amaprotheni) izimbotshana. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali izinyembezi waphawula kuhambisane yokwakheka igazi. Nokho, lo lokuhlushwa potassium lingaphezulu futhi okuqukethwe sasekhaya futhi aphansi acid organic. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali izinyembezi Ilandela isimo umzimba kanye kushintsha njalo.

Ngesisekelo uketshezi izinyembezi - amanzi. It usawoti ziyoncibilika (1,5% NaCl), albumin (0.5%), isikhwehlela. Kucwaningo liveza ukuphendula kancane ane-alikhali. Izinyembezi zingase kube reflex nangokomzwelo. Esimweni sokuqala, umzimba usebenzisa ukwaba izinyembezi imanzise nokuhlanza iso. Esimeni sesibili - okudambisa ukungezwani nokukhathazeka. amaseli Secretory we nezindlala lacrimal ukukhiqiza inani elincane into psychotropic, uyakwazi ziletha impumuzo ezimweni ezicindezelayo. In a state of usizi nezinyembezi avele ama-hormone okucindezeleka futhi prolactin leytsinenkefalin. izinyembezi Happy inciphise adrenalin, okwandisa kakhulu lapho overexcitation. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amangqamuzana secretory enikeziwe in izinyembezi khona ewuketshezi immunoglobulin, ayisiza namaprotheni eziningi, ama-amino acid, enzyme ejenti, urea nezinye izakhi zamakhemikhali.

Ngoba manje nina abanye abazi ukuthi yini uketshezi izinyembezi, uyaqonda - ikhono ukukhala kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abantu. Izinyembezi - akulona nje uphawu isizinda okusezingeni eliphezulu ngokomzwelo, kodwa futhi umsizi kwamehlo ethu, zihlale ziphilile.