Insindiso Union - Background nomlando nemfundo

Inhlangano wokuqala oyimfihlo Decembrists esizayo waba Union of Salvation, ihlelwe ekuqaleni Disemba 1816. Umphakathi ekuqaleni ngokuthi ehlukile - "Society of amadodana lawobaba weqiniso noqotho."

Okwaba nomthelela omkhulu ukudalwa le nhlangano imfihlo? Ngemva kokubuya amabutho isiRashiya ababevela uhambo phesheya, izikhulu eziningi Guards baqonde ukuthi singaphila kangcono, njengoba babethola uhlelo bezombangazwe baseYurophu, ne yokuphila kanye nezinga ezimpilweni zabo. Lokhu kwakuwumnikelo ka-umfutho ekubonile ukusungulwa kwe-Union of Salvation. Wayengubani umsunguli? Njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, isinyathelo eyenziwe Izinduna zabantwana Guards, oyedwa wabo A.N.Muravev, Prince Trubetskoi futhi uthathe Mouravievs. Kwakumelwe amalungu ipulazi Engcwele Semyonov. Ngaphezu kwalokho kulaba bantu, inhlangano Imfihlo Union Lensindiso iqhaza Pavel Pestel, Nikita Muravev, Major kanye noColonel Lunin F.Glinka. Isimiso Okokuqala umphakathi olunezinombolo abangaba ngu-30. Chelny inhlangano sizibeka le migomo elandelayo:

• ukusungulwa oda zomthethosisekelo;
• ukuqedwa autocracy;
• ukuqedwa serfdom.

Nokho, izinhlelo zabo zazingamukeleki nokwenzeka, njengoba kungekho senzo nemvelo alo aye ecacile: ezinye ezihlongozwayo regicide, abanye - ngesikhathi wokugcotshwa kwenkosi entsha ukwethula izimo zabo. Ngakho, inhlangano eyimfihlo ngokuthi i-Union of Insindiso wayengakabi isilungele senzo.

Ngesisekelo iNhlangano lokuqala Decembrists eminyakeni emibili kamuva, ngo-1818, wakha ezintsha lezo inhlangano imfihlo Union of Welfare. Lo mphakathi kwaba ngezinye izikhathi esikhulu kunesokuqala, bese iqasha abantu abangaba ngu-200. Kudlale indima enkulu emlandweni wamavukelambuso Russian insindiso ka-Union kanye Union of Welfare. Eyesibili inhlangano osithekile Decembrists esephuze imithetho yayo siqu futhi uhlelo. Yini wagxeka namalungu awo? Okokuqala, uhlelo autocratic Russia; Okwesibili, umninindlu kabi amandla akhe, umhlaba ijoka futhi xhumelela; okwesithathu, bona wagxeka iziphathimandla empilweni kanzima abantu. Akumangalisi ukuthi ukuba baveze imibono yabo inkulumo-ze wacabanga babesebenzisa izinkondlo we Pushkin osemncane.

Inhlalakahle Union akwenzele umsebenzi omkhulu. Ngo-1820, ngokwesilinganiso, kwakubikwa izinxushunxushu phakathi kwamasosha, belalela emandleni obukhosi. Amalungu Guards regiments - okungukuthi Semenovski, bala ukulalela, futhi ngaphandle kwemvume wafika predkazarmennuyu ndawo. injabulo enjalo Kwagqashuka impi imperial okokuqala, ngakho-ke, laba ababa nengxenye kulo lolu hlobo ukuvukela njengoba abavukeli babebulawa bajeziswe kanzima.

Nokho, ukusebenza amasosha wakwenza kwacaca kuKesari ukuthi ukunganeliseki ebuthweni lukhula, okusho ukuthi izinguquko ezidingekayo. Ngawo lowo nyaka, inhlangano enquma ukulwela uhulumeni republic eRussia. Baye ushintshe uhlelo kanye amaqhinga. Lezi zinguquko ziye zabangelani ukudalwa Northern futhi imiphakathi Southern.

Union of Salvation kwaba umphakathi kuqala kakhulu osithekile Decembrists. Uwumphakathi kwaphawula ukuqala kwenkathi wamavukelambuso ahlukile. Lokho amalungu Union Lensindiso ngokukhamba kwesikhathi baba malunga kwavukelwa at iSigele Square Petersburg.