Umlando eBulgaria. kuqala umbuso

Umlando Bulgaria wasendulo ocebile kakhulu. Kuleli zwe elincane esesizivakashele izizwe ezihlukahlukene lasendulo. BaseByzantium, amaGreki, Thracians, Roma nezinye izizwe ashiye uphawu lwawo kulo mhlaba.

Umlando eBulgaria waqala ngasekupheleni 5th ekhulwini BC. Izizwe Bulgarian babe Utigurs Kutrigurs, urogi, Barsils, Balanjar, Savirs nabanye. Lezi abantu aphila ukuphila ayimizulane endaweni Lower eDanube kuya eNyakatho eCaucasus kanye iCaspian esifundeni. Bulgaria (Kutrigurs futhi Onogurs) e 630s, kusho inyunyana kwakhiwa. Umlando eBulgaria lwaqala "Bulgaria Omkhulu" esewile engamashumi amathathu emva ekusungulweni yayo. Kwenzeka ngenxa ayehlasela Khazars.

Ingxenye abantu Bulgarian, kokuba iyiswe enyakatho, kwakheka kwi insimu ka "Bulgaria iVolga" (Bulgaria). Enye ingxenye labantu (baseBulgaria) emazweni asentshonalanga. Njengoba sahlala emazweni ikusasa North-Eastern Bulgaria, athuthela kule ndawo eningizimu. Kube bahlala esifundeni Stara Planina.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, baseBulgaria ngokujulile ukungena yaseThrace. Emlandweni ekhulwini 7th eBulgaria kwaphawulwa isimo ngesisekelo ne-dolobha - emzini Pliska.

Ezalandela amathathu eminyaka, uhulumeni wombuso eyingoduso e bubhalwe ukuhlaselwa WaseByzantium. I WaseByzantium wayezama ukubhubhisa umakhelwane wakhe omusha, kodwa impumelelo kule bhizinisi futhi ayizange izuzwe.

Kusukela ngomhlaka 8 kuya ku-9 umlando leminyaka Bulgaria kwaphawulwa ukubusa southern endaweni Balkan kuya Rhodope Izintaba, endaweni kuyoshaya eningizimu Stara Planina, imicengezi we Morava kanye Timok emifuleni. Kanye insimu ka ngekusasa lophiko Bulgaria North-West. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMbuso bajoyine Western ingxenye nayo yonke Central Macedonia.

Ukuhlanganisa emazweni baqhubeka ngaphansi Boris 1. wangaleyo nkathi kwakuhlangene emadolobheni ezifana ninamathele, futhi Ohril. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iziphathimandla zaseBulgaria baye basakaza ezinye izindawo Ngokuzayo yamazwe Albanian. ukuguqulwa Wendawo Boris 1 lwaqinisa indodana yakhe - uSimeyoni.

Ngenxa yalokho zokunqoba ukuthi iwine umholi wesizwe alien Turkic baseBulgaria khan Asparuh, umbuso wokuqala Bulgaria yasungulwa. Umlando isimo khona kuphawulwa ukutholwa ngo nyaka 864 Christening Boris 1. Ngakho, umbuso engena embuthanweni lamazwe yobuKristu.

Boris 1 Board eqhutshwa kulezi izenzakalo ezibaluleke kakhulu yezwe. Omunye wabo - kokusungulwa Slavic zamagama uCyril noMethodius e 863. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, Bulgaria kubhekwa "imbeleko" amasiko Slavic Wezincwadi.

Isimo sokuqala Bulgarian (umbuso) safinyelela apogee yayo amandla indawo futhi yezombangazwe 893 ka 927 phakathi nokubusa Simeona Velikogo. Umbusi uye kwelulwe kakhulu ezweni wezwe. Lokhu kwenzeka ngemuva kokunqoba kwakhe baseByzantium e 917 eduze noMfula Aheloy. Ngakho uSimeyoni enwetshiwe komngcele Greece (Peninsula Galipoli), khona-ke ethumba eMakedoniya. Ngemva kwalokho, lo mbusi wathola ngaphansi ukusekelwa kanye nabaphathi namadlelandawonye Serbia.

Esikhathini kusuka 927 ku 969 eminyakeni Bulgaria sihlangabezane ukwehla. Uhulumeni wama uPetru 1. Ngemva kwempi yeta ubumpofu. Nokuphanga ngokwanele enkulu izinduna, nezindleko ezinkulu kwezintela kuye kwaholela ukumelana nokunganeliseki phakathi kwabo. Bogomil ukunyakaza waqala, okwadala salibangisa ukuthuthukiswa zokusebenza umpristi.

Ngo 968, engxenyeni esenyakatho ye-mpumalanga yesifundazwe Bulgaria kwakuhlezi Kievan Prince Svyatoslav. Nokho, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, wathuthela ohlangothini Boris 2, ethathe ubukhosi ngemva Petru 1.

Ibutho WaseByzantium, esikhundleni isiRashiya, iwine insimu Bulgarian. Boris 2 lathunjwa. umbusi Owabe wahlala kalowo kuya baseByzantium eConstantinople. UMbusi waseByzantium, ezindaweni eziningi Bulgarian isimo cut.

Ingxenye esentshonalanga Bulgaria akuhlalanga isikhathi eside kunaleso kwamashumi amahlanu. Army Basil 2 1014 wanqoba ibutho Tsar Samuil.