Ubani igama Yuriya gagarina mkhathi: izinguqulo enye

Spring suku ngo-1961, okungukuthi ku-12 Ephreli, abakhileyo emhlabeni wonke wazi igama lomuntu, ukuvula isikhala zabantu.

Ezisematheni amadlingozi, funda patter imibiko yomsakazo nomdlandla kunoma yiluphi ulimi, futhi, ekugcineni, ithelevishini, wafunda futhi yayiyini igama mkhathi Yuriya gagarina. Igama esivamile omunye amaphuzu amane eziyinhloko. Noma yini igama alisho kungekho akazivezi izimfihlakalo. Kwakukhona imibuzo eminingi, nangu impendulo - kancane.

Bit mbumbulu yesayensi eqanjiwe zezombusazwe

Yiqiniso, sehlo kwenzeke iminyaka engamashumi amane ekuqaleni, eneminyaka ebalelwa emashumini amabili, singakwazi kuphela ukuqagela onjani igama bangazuza ngowokuqala isikhala rocket. Ngaleyo minyaka, njengenjwayelo, kungenzeka ngabe wabiza "Internationale-1", noma ezinye isifinyezo uhlakaniphile elihambisana ke party imfashini. Ngokwesibonelo, "Strasovkosom" (Izwe amaSoviet isikhala). Noma "Vladlenkosom" (UVladimir Lenin, umholi ibid). Phela, ngisho esikhundleni sokuba iPhini Yabantu Commissar ngoba Naval Wezindaba yakhethwa ngokuthi "Zamkompomorde". Ngokuvamile, beveza okuthile ekhululekile.

Futhi uma astronaut bokuqala abathunyelwa ku-orbit ngaphansi Stalin, kungenzeka ukuthi oyomuka emzimbeni wakhe igama umholi, i- "uyise wesixuku sezizwe."

Enye igama nangomcibisholo, lempi

Uma lempi abaqeqeshiwe, Rocket imfihlo, ebuzwa ukuthi yini ukubiza mkhathi Yuriya gagarina ngempela, wayethi (abagcina ekusithekeni, njalo bona labo bodwa abaye "ukungena kuqala"), ukuthi ilungile - R-7. Ngoba lokhu missile ballistic kwaba esiphathiswa ukuthi baletha umshayeli Soviet eyaduma orbit. Kodwa lapho bebuza le mibuzo zazigcwele. Okokuqala, kwakudingeka ngisho ukwazi ukuthi uya nabo, kodwa kwaba ezingaphezu kwamandla omuntu ngisho intelligence ngobuqili, CIA. Futhi okwesibili, imfihlo igcinwe cishe konke eSoviet ukuhlola umkhathi.

imibuzo olukhohlisayo Gagarin nezimpendulo zakhe behlakaniphile

April 16, 1961 Cosmonaut emhlabeni abokuqala esithangamini sabezindaba lapho zonke ezazivela izindaba ejensi ungase umcele ikhona, ngisho imibuzo olukhohlisayo kakhulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, babazi nje lokho kwaba igama mkhathi Yuriya gagarina, isisindo Inkokhelo (amathani 5) kanye neminye imingcele embalwa, le catechumens phambi Academician Keldysh. Hero charmingly wamomotheka kalula Ngokuhlakanipha liyiphendula yonke imibuzo ka interviewers, kodwa ulwazi olusha lobuchwepheshe is angabikwa. Kuze 1968, lapho lo mkhumbi-mkhathi "East" sekuyinkinga ombukiso Enea ngisho ukuma egumbini sikulungele ukuba kuphilwe kuso ayikaziwa, ingasaphathwa amadivayisi eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukuhlinzeka ukweseka kanye capsule kokwehla. Izizathu ikhethini ezinjalo imfihlakalo babe. BaseMelika ngokoqobo ukunyathela izithende, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi izinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu yakamuva, Kuyangikhathaza kakhulu uMengameli uJohn F. Kennedy nabanye abantu ezibalulekile e-White House, hhayi kuphela. Ngisho imininingwane obonakala ungelutho kungaletha Abaklami kwezilwandle endaweni efanele, futhi igunya ubungeke uvele. US ochwepheshe wasikisela mayelana layout "East", kodwa njengoba isikhathi lubonise babekhuluma iphutha.

"East" futhi "Zenith" - twins

Ngakho, sonke siyazi ukuthi igama mkhathi Yuriya gagarina - "Vostok-1". Kodwa igama elithi "Zenith" kuze 1968 cishe akekho nganoma yini, hhayi ngamazwi. ambalwa kuphela abantu base bazi ngezinkinga kweqiniso futhi main ukuba ixazululwe by ukuklama esibuyiswe inhloko yabangamashumi rocket isikhala. Ngaphezu ukulethwa yezikhali zenuzi, lo R-7 ungabeka emzileni kwesimo endaweni injongo satellite, ifakwe ezisindayo-duty yokukhanya nesithombe. Ngobukhulu ubunzima, Keldysh futhi Korolyov ephethwe ukuze ungeze sovsekretnoe uhulumeni isimemezelo izwi indiza bavimba imigwaqo. Kusukela mkhathi Yuri Gagarin Waba isibonelo esihle ukuguqulwa, kuyilapho injongo wayo ngokuyihloko ezempi isithombe-kwesimo endaweni.

Nakulokhu futhi, umlando

Isikhathi sihamba ngiye ngabona ngokunemba usosayensi omkhulu S. P. koroleva nethimba lakhe elihle. Kusasele amashumi eminyaka baye badlula, futhi namuhla kuyaqabukela cabanga satellite hlola, izithombe ezicacile insiza ukuzivikela amaSoviet nasemakamu American okuhloswe ngazo nezinye megasmertyah ballistic ngamunye kanye nezinye ezingokoqobo abesabekayo neMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Kodwa sonke isintu ukukhumbula igama umkhumbi Yuri Gagarin, uyazi mayelana kuqala kithi cosmic futhi igama iphayona isikhala ngenhlonipho nothando uthi. Lokhu ayikashintshi.