Theory omkhulu wokudlulisa imizwelo. izici Jikelele

Theory imizwelo akhiwa lonke emlandweni Psychology futhi izitho zomzimba. Kunzima ukuphendula umbuzo iyiphi kuyisimo Classic, njengoba zonke zaziyiqiniso. Ngakho-ke, isitatimende egcwele ngukutsi umphelelisi nomunye. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe zoMthetho oyinhloko ngamunye wabo.

Imfundiso Vilgelma Vundta imizwa uhlola kabanzi isakhiwo. Usosayensi wakwazi ukwaba ezinjalo njengendlela efanele yokuzijabulisa noma ukungajabuli, ukupholisa noma ukuvukwa amadlingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kohlaka lesi siqondiso omningi ukunakwa sakhokhwa voltage nobe kukhishwa. Ngokuvamile, odokotela bengqondo ukuhlukanisa ukuthi isizathu esiyinhloko ukubukeka kwabo - bokuphila.

Imfundiso yokuziphendukela James-Lange - imodeli vasomotor. Ichaza ukuthi kungani kukhona lokhu inqubo engqondo. Iqhaza ehola udlalwa ngu somatovegetativnyh ingxenye. Ngenxa yalokho, noma yimaphi amadlingozi - umuzwa, ukuthi avele inqubo ushintsho ukunyakaza elingaphandle, okungalindelekile (uketshezi, imithambo yegazi kanye inhliziyo) umsebenzi. Ngenxa yalokho, imbangela izinguquko neuropathy.

Lezi zinkolelo-mbono ekuseni imizwelo baye bagxekwa ngu physiologists phakathi kwekhulu XIX uchungechunge zokuhlolwa. Ngakho, Charles Sherrington usike umgogodla esifundeni wesibeletho, kanye nezinzwa vagus. Ngenxa yalokho, it waboniswa ukuthi isilwane umthelela imizwelo aphendule njengakuqala. Ngenxa yalokho, kusukela ehhovisi central HC visceral yayingakuthinti.

W. Cannon, physiologist American futhi physiologist, wabonisa ukuthi ngesikhathi ukubonakala ukuqhanyelwa ngokomzwelo kwenzeka kanyekanye ne-hormone okuthiwa i-adrenaline. Ukuthi viva wonke umzimba ukuze kuthathwe izinyathelo. Kuleli qophelo ziqala ukumila ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwenzeka pupillary ukuwathuthukisa ukuphazamiseka ukugaya, ushukela liphuma khona.

Ngemva kwalokho, kwakukhona eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma yemvelo yokuveza imizwelo yakho.

Omunye ethandwa kakhulu umqondo P. Anokhin. Phakathi nohlaka yayo kungenxa ukubukeka imizwa emihle nemibi ezenzeka lokungafani noma ukufanisa yi kulindeleke futhi isimo langempela sezinto.

Njengengxenye eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma ongizalayo nomqondo isebenze imizwa. Kusekelwe indima izakhiwo yangaphakathi zobuchopho. umfutho Ukudideka livela azungeze maphakathi, lapho uhlolwa. Iqiniso ukuthi amasampula kanye nokuhlola lemizwa noma yikuphi ukuziphatha babeka phansi thalamus. "Ukusabela" Iyatholakala idluliselwa ku ukugcwaliseka umzimba kusuka ngalo isigijimi izodluliselwa, ukuthi baziphathe kanjani: ukuba ejabule noma edumele, bamangale noma uthukuthele, nokunye.

eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma kwenqondo imizwelo ivezwa ngendlela elandelayo.

Umbhali nemfuneko umqondo ulwazi Simonov. Ngokusho kwakhe, umzwelo - kukhombisa ubuchopho isilwane noma umuntu isidingo sangempela (e kwalokho, izici yiziphi izinto ezintathu ezibalulekile izinga nokubaluleka) kanye ematfuba kangakanani-ke kuzonikezwa. Lokhu kuzohlolwa ngesisekelo yofuzo noma aluthola ngaphambi isipiliyoni ngabanye.

I umqondo Schechter ngemuva kusekelwe izingxenye ezimbili ezibangela isipiliyoni omkhulu wokudlulisa imizwelo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubonakala ukuqhanyelwa bokuphila, ngakolunye, isimo siqala ukuba kuchazwe cognitively. Kuze kube yimanje, kuncike incazelo ebonakala ejabulile. Lo mbono wawusekelwe uchungechunge ucwaningo lapho abantu okwaxoxwa nabo injected nge imithi ivuselela. Okulandelayo, sibona izinguquko ukuziphatha.

Kungaphawulwa ukuthi imfundiso yesimanje imizwelo ukuchaza ukubonakala kwabo izimbangela psychophysiological.