Thomas Young: iminikelo physics

Isihloko liyakhuluma ngokuphela ngubani Thomas Young, okuyinto Waba nesandla ekuthuthukiseni physics futhi yini enye ngaphandle nikwenza.

isayensi

Ngazo zonke izikhathi kwakukhona ababukele ezazifuna ukwazi ukwazi isakhiwo kweqiniso wendawo yonke, abanye izinqubo zayo ngazinye noma izenzakalo. Esikhathini sethu, isayensi isintu, akekho ophikayo Nokho, kwakungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngenhlanhla, labo izinsuku kade laphela, futhi wokugcina ambalwa iminyaka zenza kanjalo ngokungayeki uzibophezele okutholakele esivelele physics kanye neminye imikhakha yesayensi. UTomase Young - omunye labo ababeka belingana abanye ososayensi esikhulu eminyakeni edlule - Becquerel, Lomonosov, Mendeleev.

Kodwa lokho idume, futhi yini zatholwa? Yilokhu sizoxoxa ngani kulesi sihloko. Lokhu usosayensi eyaziwa lokuthi wawunganikezwanga nezifundo zakhe e-physics wedwa. Ku-akhawunti yemisebenzi yakhe yesayensi ku yokukhanya, omakhenikha, kolimi kanye physiology umbono.

umnikelo Thomas Young ekuthuthukiseni physics

Ngo 1793 Jung kwelinye imisebenzi yakhe enikelwe ehlweni lomuntu, waveza ukuthi yokuhlala iso kwenzeka ngenqubo yokushintsha ugobile lens. Ngaphezu kwalokho okubonwayo uholé ososayensi ukuba bakholelwe ukuthi imfundiso corpuscular yokukhanya emkhakheni yokukhanya, ngaleso sikhathi kubhekwe okuyizona, hhayi ukusho ngeqiniso. Lapho Jung kwaba esivuna theory wave yokukhanya, cishe wonke Ososayensi e-England ngesikhathi akazange avumelane naye futhi ngaphansi ukucindezela imibono yabo esikhathini wadela iziphetho. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Thomas Young wabuyela wave bakhe imfundiso yokuziphendukela ukukhanya, futhi waba ngowokuqala cabanga ngenkinga superposition ngamagagasi. lesi simanga Investigating okwengeziwe, wathola isimiso ukugxambukela. Nokho, leli gama livele Jung, eminyakeni embalwa kamuva.

Futhi umbiko iRoyal Society, wabanikeza nencazelo lokuqala okuthiwa izindandatho Newton, esekelwe izisekelo kwezithikamezo, futhi wakhuluma ngesimo ucwaningo lwakhe lokuqala, injongo okwakufanele ulinganise ubude obuyizinkulungwane amagagasi ezahlukene ukukhanya. Ngakho manje siyazi ukuthi abadumile Thomas Young.

Ngo-1804 lapho ehlola ngokuningiliziwe futhi wachaza mkhuba umumo womsebenzi. Ngemva usosayensi ucwaningo Fresnel ukuphazamiseka yokukhanya, okuyinto lihlukaniswe, Jung conjectured kopeechnogo ukukhanya wave oscillations. Kubandakanya Jung kokufaneleka efakwe ohlwini ukuthuthukiswa inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela imibala, ogxile ngoba kucatshangwa ukuthi emehlweni igobolondo kukhona Imicu yotshani ukukhanya-sensitive ukuthi aphendule ukukhanya ezintathu spectrum ezinkulu. Manje cabanga ngalokho okwehlela kunazo owaziwa uThomas Young.

nakho

Lesi senzakalo saba ubufakazi imfundiso yokuziphendukela wave yokukhanya. Kodwa okokuqala imiphumela yashicilelwa 1803. Kulesi sokuhlola, umsebe wokukhanya iqondiswe ku- sesikrini opaque lapho atholiwe izimbotshana ezimbili ngokulinganisa. Ahambisana Naleli kwesikrini kwakusetshenziswa ukukhwezwa projector screen. I engavamile we izimbotshana kwaba parallel ukuthi kobubanzi zabo cishe ilingane wavelength zokukhanya sasikhipha ekuhlolweni. Futhi ngenxa yalokho, esikrinini kuyinto uchungechunge ukuphazamiseka izinsephe, okuyinto efakazela ngokunemba kwemfundiso yokuziphendukela, okuyinto wagomela Thomas Young. izingqapheli Zemvelo wabonisa isimo wave yokukhanya.

Okunye amaphepha isayensi

Ngaba matasa kule isazi esivelele isikhathi sakhe njengoba yezilimi - nihlola nokuzwelana izilimi Indo-European. Futhi by the way, kwencazelo "Indo-European" nguye ekhuphuka nge. Futhi phakathi impumelelo yakhe - ukwethulwa izici ezifana ukubaluleka kwamanani ka kuyaqina e kokucindezelwa noma ukungezwani, okuyinto waziwa ngokuthi wemfihlo we-Young.

Thomas Jung: A Biography

Usosayensi esizayo wazalwa ngo 1773 emkhayeni elula kasilika yomthengisi. Ngokushesha ngafunda ukufunda ingane ine enhle kakhulu, ilukuluku lokwazi wagxila eqinile ukuze ngaphasi komkhakha wezesayensi. Ngakho, emuva lé ngawo eminyakeni 8 unesithakazelo kakhulu kwi-mathematics ne geodesy, eyabonisa amathalenta emangalisayo. Futhi ngesikhathi esemusha, kakade ephethwe izilimi ezifana isiLatini nesiHebheru, isiNtaliyane, isi-Arabic nesiFulentshi. Akuwona wonke umuntu omdala kungaba ukuziqhayisa ulwazi eziningi kangaka ngokolimi! Ngaphandle kwakho konke lokhu, ngokuvumelana izinkumbulo izihlobo, njengoba Jung asithandayo umlando wezitshalo.

Kodwa Jung ekuqaleni abakhethiwe kuyisifundo zokuphila kwakhe ingumuthi. degree Medical wathola e 1796. Kodwa umcimbi ezinemininingwane, okwakumenza abe umuntu azimele ngokwezimali futhi bavunyelwe ukuzigcina ngokuzikhandla isayensi, hhayi ucabanga umthombo engenayo, kwaba sekufeni kukaninalume - Wasetshiya Thomas abasha ifa elikhulu yemali.

Kamuva Jung wavula zokwelapha yangasese futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo waqala ukunyatheliswa. Kodwa engaziwa ngoba wayesaba ngoba idumela lakhe njengekholwa udokotela. Kamuva ngaba nothando umsindo futhi yokukhanya. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-21, waba ilungu elishisekayo London iRoyal Society futhi kwaphela isikhathi esithile kulesi sikhundla uNobhala kuwo. Ngo 1803 waba uprofesa Royal Institute. Ngemva konyaka, washada Eliza Maxwell.

Naphezu impumelelo yayo physics, kusukela 1811 futhi kuze kube sekupheleni ukuphila Thomas Young waqhubeka ukusebenza njengoba udokotela kwesinye sezibhedlela London. Ongawushiyanga ke kochwepheshe bezokwelapha, futhi 1818, nakabekwa kuba uNobhala Bureau des Longitudes futhi umhleli we ezincwadini ezinjengethi 'ikhalenda Nautical. " Jung kuye kwanezela ngaphezu omunye izinhlelo "I-Encyclopedia Britannica" neqiniso lokuthi wayeseholela wabhala izahluko ezingaba ngu-60. Kwakumelwe ikakhulukazi Umlandvomphilo lososayensi.

isiphetho

Ngaphezu abaqhuba umuthi kanye nesayensi, kuyaziwa kuhlanganise njengoba umculi omuhle, connoisseur yobuciko womzimba. Washona ngale ndoda enemisebenzi 10 Meyi, 1829. Thomas Young ungcwatshwe ngaphakathi emagcekeni yaseLondon.