Kanjani ukusuka chloroethane ethane e Organic Chemistry

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ukusuka ethane chloroethane ukuqala ukuhlaziya esithile umkhawulo hydrocarbon ethane.

Incazelo emfushane ethane

Lokhu hydrocarbon has ifomula C2H6. Carbons e-molecule kukhona hybrid isimo sp3. Lokhu kubonakala izakhiwo ngokomzimba futhi amakhemikhali ketshezi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile ethane izidakamizwa gaseous kuba kancane oncibilikayo emanzini. Njengawo wonke amanye amalungu esigaba of alkanes, ethane has a izibopho te olulodwa. Lokhu kubonakala izakhiwo amakhemikhali hydrocarbon. Akakwazi ukungena ukusabela kwalokho, ngenxa yalo bavunyelwe kuphela esikhundleni olukhulu.

I engavamile of ukugeleza

Ake sinichazele ukuthi ukusuka chloroethane ethane. Ngenxa yalesi kubalulekile ukuqhuba ukusabela phakathi ethane kanye chlorine e khona quantum ukukhanya (lokushisa aphakeme). Ngenxa ukudabuka homolytic ngenxa chlorine ezizivelelayo akhiwa. Ukuze ukwakheka radicals khulula kudinga nezindleko ezithile amandla.

It angathengwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Njengomunye samuntu kumiswa olukhulu ungase ucabangele pyrolysis ezishisayo. Ukuze uthole chloroethane kusukela ethane ezothando kulotshiwe ezingeni lokushisa mayelana 500 ⁰ C. Lawo mandla okuyinto ikhishwe uma lokhu okwanele ukuba baphule izibopho. Indlela yesibili ukwakha ezizivelelayo esebenzayo ukusetshenziswa emisebeni ultraviolet.

Mechanism esikhundleni olukhulu

Cabanga ngokuthi ethane ukuthola chloroethane. Isibalo ukuphendula wabe ngokuvumelana lo mshini wezenzo ka SR-alkanes nge halogens. Esigabeni igesi ngaphansi ukusabela ethane chlorine ekuqaleni zenzeka dissociation chlorine ngaphansi UV. Lesi sinyathelo ngokuthi emizameni, it libhekene okuvela zesandulela asebenzayo chlorine ezizivelelayo. I izinhlayiya okuholela abamhlaselayo ethane molecule obumba hydrogen chloride, kanye ETHYL C2H5 olukhulu.

Ukuqhubeka ingxoxo mayelana nokuthi kungenwa kanjani kusukela ethane chloroethane. In the isinyathelo esilandelayo ETHYL olukhulu is asabela ngayo chlorine molecule ukwakha etanhlorid nomunye chlorine olukhulu. Lokho-ke uyakwazi ukuba asabele futhi, Ngokuqhubeka chain reaction umjikelezo. Lesi sigaba sibizwa ngokuthi esiphelweni. Inani ezizivelelayo esebenzayo kulesi sigaba nokuxhumana engashintshwa, futhi agcinwe ngokuphelele. Njengoba ukuphela kwalesi umjikelezo wenza yokusabela Isinyathelo sesithathu, okuthiwa chain ukunqanyulwa. Kucondza ukushayisana izinhlayiya khulula, okuholela ekwakhekeni imikhiqizo ukuphendula.

isicelo

Impendulo yombuzo kanjani ukusuka ethane chloroethane. Ake sicabangele isicelo. I chloroethyl okuholela kuyinto into sina kwezidakamizwa. Isetshenziselwa ukuze kubulawe izinzwa ekusebenzeni kuhlinzwa. Kuphela imizuzwana emibili noma emithathu ukuze unciphise umsebenzi motor.

I ukuntula eyinhloko izidakamizwa, siphawula ukuthi kungenzeka yokweqisa. Ngisho ukukhuphuka kancane izinga ovumelekile kubangela izinkinga ezinkulu zomzimba womuntu. Namuhla chloroethane kuphela kwezinye izimo isetshenziswa uyinto kwezidakamizwa.

Ngokwezinga elikhulu yena odingeka njenge-ejenti nezokusigcoba for short-term ebusweni izinzwa kwesikhumba. Ukuthola esikhumbeni, izidakamizwa is vaporized, kukhona hypothermia isikhumba, ukuzwela yayo incipha, lapho kuba kunokwenzeka ukuze sifeze sebeziqhumbuza, okungukuthi, ukuba bafeze imisebenzi ezincane ebusweni.

Futhi, into esetshenziselwa zokunciphisa pruritus, ukwelapha ukusha ezishisayo, neuromyositis, ukuvuvukala cryotherapy. I ampoule yaqale kushiswa entendeni, is ke iqondiswe jet esikhunjeni. Ngenhloso zokwelapha, inqubo eyenziwa kanye ngosuku izinsuku 7-10.