Stalin esifundeni: umlando nokuhlukanisa zokuphatha

endaweni Stalin yasungulwa ngomthetho Ephakeme KaHulumeni of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR ngoJuni 3, 1938. Kuyinto iyunithi zokuphatha kanye indawo kwaba ngokuphelele yokufakelwa, ngoba kwamiswa isifunda kusuka ingxenye ekhona ngesikhathi IDonetsk esifundeni.

idolobha Stalino - maphakathi nesifunda

Lona ngobukhulu ngezindinganiso yedolobha lanamuhla Ukraine, manje okuyinto yaphenduka yempi, yasungulwa ngo-1869 osomabhizinisi British. Abezinye Izizwe ukuthuthukisa imithombo emisha of izinto zokusetshenziswa, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukubona ukuvela nemizana eziqalayo 'ensimini okubi okwakugcwele eMbusweni Russian. Idolobhana ekuqaleni ngokuthi Stalino Yuzivka.

Leli dolobhana isungule ngokushesha okukhulu. Kusukela 1870 1901 isibalo abahlali Yuzovka anda esuka kubantu 164 kuya 54718. Lokhu ukukhula lokubala ubuningi babantu lihlotshaniswa ukuthuthukiswa njalo izitshalo ezintsha Metallurgical futhi kuvulwa ezimayini zamalahle. Stalin esifundeni ngokuyisisekelo kweza kumiswa nemizana abasebenzi ', okuyinto kakade kwekhulu lama-20 kwaba idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke yabavukuzi futhi metallurgists.

Ukudalwa IDonetsk esifundeni

Ngo-1920 e-USSR kwakukhona ukuhlukana zokuphatha-indawo bezwe kuthathwe ngisho ngaphansi tsars. Izifundazwe, izifunda nezigodi ibe khona cishe imingcele ubudala. Ukusebenza okuqhubekayo ukwahlukana enjalo zensimu ubuholi wezwe ngokuphelele okunengqondo kubhekwe elementi nokungathuthuki.

Ngo-1930, izinguquko isakhiwo nezokuphatha isimo owawuse. kwakhiwa laseDonetsk esifundeni is ehlobo lika-1932. Ngaleso sikhathi kwaba esifundeni esikhulu kunazo zonke e-Ukraine, ngenxa yokuthi kufakwe amazwe esimanje IDonetsk and Lugansk izifunda (lekufaka leto letitsatfwe kulawulwa DNR nezinhlangano LNR). Phatha indawo enkulukazi yokuthi kwakunzima kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho sibhekene yokucindezelwa kanye nokuntuleka inethiwekhi athuthukile wokuthintana. LaseDonetsk esifundeni ngefomethi ubudala sekuneminyaka iminyaka eyisithupha.

Stalin esifundeni

Le ndawo empeleni wadala ngaphakathi kwemingcele, okuyinto esebenza laseDonetsk esifundeni ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwe-DNI. Endaweni leyo ndawo yayihluke 26,5 sq. M. km. Kusukela ngomhla ka-1971 inani labantu ndawo lidlule 4 million. Le ndawo yasungulwa ukuze of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR usuka June 3, 1938. Ngaphansi kwaleli gama Stalin esifundeni wadonsa kwaze kwaba ngu-1961. Khona-ke wabuyela igama endala esifundeni.

Le ndawo nge isikhungo emzini Stalino (IDonetsk) - isifunda enkulu yezimboni. Ngomqondo onabile, futhi wayeqondeni osomabhizinisi isiNgisi, okwadala Yuzivka emzaneni. Edolobheni esebenza ezimayini engaphezu kwengu-20 amalahle, kanye Mills steel owaziwa.

Isakhiwo sokuphatha yesifunda kusobala kakhulu ebonakalayo kusukela ngo-September 1, 1946. Ngaleso sikhathi, IDonetsk (Stalin) esifundeni kwakuyimizi enezivikelo 28 (kufaka 12 kwakuwukuthi lesifunda), futhi endaweni efanayo, 94 kwalesi sigodi, imikhandlu emzaneni 356 (e isakhiwo lezi mikhandlu ukuba 1756 isigodi). Le ndawo Umncele osenyakatho laseKharkov, laseDnepropetrovsk futhi Zaporozhye nge - entshonalanga, ne Luhansk - empumalanga.

Izindawo Stalin Region

Sibala zonke izifunda zokuphatha yesifunda alfabhethi:

• Avdiivka (yayikhona kusukela ngo-1923 kuya 1930 futhi kusukela ngo-1938 kuya 1962 nge isikhungo edolobhaneni Avdeevka);
• -Alexander (eyasungulwa ngo-1923, itholakala enyakatho-ntshonalanga nesifunda, isikhungo lesifunda - Aleksandrovka);
• Amvrosievsky endaweni isikhungo Amvrosievka (labantu esifundeni- abantu 45 000);
• wesifunda Andrew;
• Artemovskii (Artemivsk wesifunda isikhungo njengoba esikhundleni ukuthunyelwa isitshalo enkulu ukwenziwa usawoti eyaziwa);

• Budennovsky;
• Velikonoveselovky wesifunda sokuqondisa e komnikazi ezisemadolobheni Novoselka Omkhulu;
• Volodarsky;
• Volnovakha;
• Dzerzhinsky;
• Dobropolsky (Dobropole isigodi);
• endaweni ne centre Yenakiyevo;
• endaweni Constantine (lebhola kusukela emzini Konstantinovka okwenzile ngokudlule lesibili league ubuqhawe e-Ukraine);
• Krasnolimanskiy;
• Maryinskiy (omunye kakhulu ehlaselwe ahlomile ukungqubuzana izindawo ngaphansi kokulawula Ukraine);
• Olginsky (okwamanje ingekho);
• Pershotravneve;
• Seaside (wesifunda samanje Mariupol);
• Selidovsky;
• Slavic;
• Snezhnyanskiy;
• Starobeshevskiy esifundeni itholakala eningizimu-mpumalanga samanje laseDonetsk esifundeni ne isikhungo Starobeshevo emzaneni;
• Staromlinovsky (alikho, endaweni isikhungo ngazalelwa edolobhaneni Staromlinovka, manje-ke siyingxenye ye Verhneveselkovskogo wesifunda);
• Telmanovskiy;
• Khartsyzsk;
• Yamskaya (ingekho).

Amadolobha kwakuwukuthi lesifunda

Njengoba sishilo, esifundeni Stalin kufakwe oyiyo indawo akuyona izindawo kuphela kodwa futhi amadolobha kwakuwukuthi zesifunda, phakathi okwakukhona:

• Stalino (eyasungulwa ngo-1869 njengoba Yuzivka zokuhlala);
• Artemovsk (manje Bakhmut, eyasungulwa ngokuvumelana umlando, e-1571);
• LaseGorlovka (eyasungulwa ngo-1779, ilawulwa DNI);
• Debaltsevo (elinye lamadolobha wabhubhisa kakhulu ngesikhathi kushayisana, yasungulwa ngo-1878);

• Druzhkovka (emzaneni eyasungulwa ngo-1781, lithole isimo edolobheni ngo-1938);
• Yenakiyevo yokuqala okukhulunywa 1782 futhi wathola isimo edolobheni ngo-1925;
• Konstantinovka edolobheni uvele 1870;
• Kramatorsk edolobheni, ushayiwe ngokufaka shelling DNI Sidalwe 1868;
• Makiyivka (okwamanje sekuyahwalala ingxenye IDonetsk);
• Mariupol (omunye ezimbili ezinkulu kwenani izakhamuzi izikhungo wesifunda Ukraine);
• Chistyakov (manje edolobheni Torez elawulwa DNI) - komnikazi yasungulwa ngo 1778, ithole isimo edolobheni ngo-1932.

yesimanjemanje

Namuhla laseDonetsk esifundeni itholakala endaweni impi yezikhali. Empeleni, ingxenye ihlukaniswe ezimbili esishintshashintshayo kwethonya kulawulwa Ukraine futhi izimbangi zawo. Lesi simo kunomthelela omubi isimo esifundeni. Industrial amandla esifundeni cishe elahlekile. ezimayini eziningi zavalwa futhi ungalokothi baqale umsebenzi wabo.

Umphakathi uye wahlupheka kakhulu ngenxa yempi, ngakho amandla okuthenga zabantu uwile kakhulu.

Namuhla kunzima kakhulu ukuphila ngokuvamile esifundeni kanye ochumayo isimo Ukraine.