Ubani wathola eliKhulu iPacific, begodu unyaka?

Pacific Ocean - kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ithatha ingxenye yesithathu surface area kakhulu kule planethi yethu. Ubukhulu balo kukhona kunangendlela endaweni umhlaba Imininingwane - amazwekazi neziqhingi kuhlanganiswe. Akumangazi-ke ukuthi ngokuvamile okuthiwa iGreat Ocean. Kubonakala exakayo ukuthi uvuliwe kuphela ngekhulu le-16, futhi kuze kube yileso sikhathi akazange ngisho ukwazi ukhona.

Ubani wathola Pacific Ocean

Ukuvulwa kwe-Ocean elisha eliphathelene ne igama umnqobi Spanish Vasco Nunez de Balboa. Ekwindla ka-1512 Balboa, ngaleso sikhathi owayese umbusi waleli koloni waseSpain Darien, ngasogwini olusentshonalanga ye -Atlantic Ocean , ephelezelwa amadoda 192 ayehlome ngezibhamu imikhonto halberds, nge wezinja. Bakwazi ukuwela mdweshu yokuxhuma i-Nyakatfo Melika nge South, breaking amahlathi cishe esingaweleki, emaxhaphozini ezishisayo emikhulu enamadwala.
Endleleni, bahlangana izikhathi eziningana amaNdiya abazimisele ukungavumeli abangabazi emazweni abo. Ngokungafani abakhileyo zomdabu seziqhingi eWest Indies, abendawo babengeke siguqe phambi baseYurophu, ngaphandle kokuhlaselwa ku iqembu elikhulu kuhlonyiwe izigqoko kanye cuirasses. Ngakho-ke, ekupheleni bomkhankaso besishiyile 28 nje abantu.

Kodwa kusukela phezulu yokhalo esilandelayo, babona umkhathi engapheli yamanzi. Ukuya afinyelela esifubeni emanzini, Balboa yamemezela olwabo entsha ulwandle yenkosi Spanish. Wabe usubizwa ngokuthi uLwandle South, ngoba lalingasempumalanga eningizimu ye-Isthmus. Leli gama idle naye kuze cishe ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18.
Ngakho, njengamabandla ecacile eyathola ePacific Ocean. Ngo-1513, abaMhlophe bokuqala bekubona, futhi ngokuthi uLwandle Southern. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi basukumela ukuhlola coast nenze kuye ebhukuda.

uhambo Magellan, futhi "Sea Ungathuli"

Ubani wathola Pacific Ocean ukuze amatilosi European? Simkweleta lokhu umhleli we circumnavigation lokuqala Fernand Magellan. Lokho imikhumbi ke ngo-November 1520 okokuqala azithola esesimweni ocean engaziwa, futhi eqa it. Futhi nje Magellan wawuqamba El Mare Pacifico - ulwandle ethule.

Ngoba umuntu yesimanje wezwa isiphepho zineminyaka elwandle eliKhulu iPacific, phezu kwamagagasi usayizi indlu eziyishumi storey, le izivunguvungu ezishisayo, igama lakhe umsindo kuxaka. Kodwa Magellan ngesikhathi ngohambo lwakhe yayimane nje lucky ne sezulu. Ngemva eziningi imikhumbi nobunzima bebelokhu emincane futhi emazombezombe strait, yaqanjwa igama Magellan, bebhekene a komkhathi enkulu yamanzi, kuze kube yileso sikhathi angajwayelekile baseYurophu. Okokuqala, umkhumbi waya ngaphansi Tailwind izinze. Bese bazithola ezonini cishe kungabikho moya.

Ihamba wathutha neze ngaphezu esingapheliyo olwandle. Supplies eside phezu, amanzi ahlanzekile spoilt. Futhi endleleni iziqhingi zazingaphansi asihambisani kokwehla. Ithimba ulahlekelwe abantu ngoba indlala ukhwekhwe, eyaqalekiswa 'Tranquil Sea "...

Nokho olwandle waphasiswa. Futhi Apreli 21, 1521 Magellan eyabulawa, uziphathe ngendlela uDlamini zezizwe wendawo. Indlela ikhaya ayesmhola umngane wakhe uSebastian Elcano.

Ngakho, Magellan nabangane bakhe - lowo wathola koLwandle iPacific wanika ichibi igama zamanje.

hypothesis Heyerdahl mayelana labantu Oceania

Lapho sithi umuntu wavula iPacific unyaka, sinalo wayecabanga ngani lapho ekhulula yaziwa baseYurophu. Kodwa iziqhingi Oceania ziye owakhiwe isikhathi eside. Ukuze izakhamuzi zabo iyikhaya elwandle eliKhulu iPacific, awumdingi ukuze uyivule. Futhi lokho lapho okhokho babo wafika esiqhingini? Omunye evula Pacific Ocean amane eminyaka adlule?

Kunemibono eyahlukene kule score. Adume wamazwe Norwegian futhi owenza Thor Heyerdahl wayekholelwa ukuthi ukuhleleka kokuhlala kwabantu iziqhingi esenzeka empumalanga, neSouth America. Sathi amaNdiya akwazi ukuyohlanganyela izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha phesheya kolwandle usebenzisa olwandle nomoya evumayo. Heyerdahl waba kungenzeka uhambo ezinjalo ngo-1947, lonke izwe ngomkhumbi futhi Pacific phezu Balsa isihlenga "Kon-Tiki", abalingisa izihlenga Indian.

Umbono okuphambene

EngumFulentshi Eric Bishop has a nombono ohlukile. Wayekholelwa ukuthi akukho amaNdiya bahamba ngomkhumbi baya eziqhingini, futhi basePolynesia ukuya ogwini Ningizimu Melika. Nokho, manje kukhona amatilosi onekhono, ngakho akumangalisi. Ingabe ngaphandle travel eside, ehlala kude nomunye izingcezu umhlaba elwandle eliKhulu iPacific, kwaba akunakwenzeka. Futhi ulimi lwasendaweni iqukethe nemigomo njengoba abaningi nautical ukudlula noma iyiphi enye emhlabeni. It basePolynesia, ngokuvumelana Bishop, kamuva ababengaphansi kwemibuso yakwamanye amazwe iziqhingi ngasogwini olusentshonalanga ezimbili kuyiPacific Ocean.

Okwamanje, ososayensi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa komhlaba manje owakhiwe elwandle eliKhulu iPacific babevela ogwini olusempumalanga ye-Asia entshonalanga. Futhi junks Chinese kungaba kuqala, hhayi kuphela e kokutholakala iziqhingi olwandle, kodwa futhi ekutholakaleni Melika eside ngaphambi Columbus.

Ukuze abaseRussia, Pacific wavula Cossacks Ivan Moskvitina, lifika ngasogwini loLwandle Okhotsk e 1639.