Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich: Biography Nomkhaya

Ummeleli we-nomenklatura zaseSoviet zazama ukugwema emphakathini, ngoba wayengumuntu inesizotha futhi engazenzi ophakeme. Nokho, umnikelo wakhe e ehola izikhundla ekuphathweni komphakathi kanye impumelelo njengoba isibalo somphakathi laliphezulu kakhulu. Umsebenzi abomthetho Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich uye enikelwe ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwakhe, futhi umsebenzi wakhe olusemthethweni kungaba umona wonke umuntu. Kungani abaholi likahulumeni waseSoviet ukuba umqaphele? Njengomunye izizathu leli qiniso, ochwepheshe baye baphawula yokuthi Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich kwadingeka zasenyuvesi izilimi eziningana ezivela kwamanye amazwe, kwaba umhleli abakhaliphile abanomqondo ovulekile, abathanda ehloniphayo abangaphansi kwakhe, ngokungafani kuya "nozakwethu" yakhe, ukuthi zonke lezi izimfanelo eyodwa noma amabili uma emaningi. Yayiyini ephawulekayo Biography of the sikahulumeni futhi indoda emphakathini? Cabanga ngalo mbuzo kabanzi.

Iminyaka Engu esakhula

Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich, ogama umndeni kwaba ongumlimi, wazalwa ngo-October 2, 1907 edolobhaneni Umlomo (sifundazwe Tver).

Ngokushesha ngemva kokuba abazali wakhe bathuthela Petrograd, lapho ubaba uya ukusebenza ngesikhathi isitshalo. Kodwa esikhathini 1910s ngasekupheleni, yena nonina nenzalo babuyela emakhaya ubudala.

Kakade lapho esemncane, waqala ukusebenza, okungukuthi ziklaba izinkomo. Ngokwemvelo, isikhathi sokutadisha esikoleni, uSergei kwaba kancane. Nokho, ngo-1924 wakwazi ukuthola imfundo eyisisekelo e Zubtsov. Kokufinyelela eminyakeni ewu nesikhombisa, le nsizwa yaba umsebenzi njengoba unobhala umkhandlu walapha edolobhaneni Nikiforov. Ukuze inkuthalo emsebenzini ngensizwa isikhathi esithile kamuva wamiswa yomkhandlu emzaneni.

Ngo-1925, Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich siyakhukhumala kwababusi iYoung Communist League kanye nalo ophethe eqhugwaneni Room. Wabe luhamba epulazini "Vahnovo" Rzhevsky County, abasebenzi oqeqeshwayo kuqala, bese kwenziwa umsebenzi wokulungisa, futhi eminye - ugandaganda.

Ekupheleni 1928 insizwa ethatha KwamaBolshevik Party.

Iminyaka eminingi yenkonzo izikhundla ebusosheni, futhi umsebenzi oqhubekayo zabasebenzi

ngokushesha Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich singayiswa empini. Kodwa lona, liyokuma ngonyaka owodwa kuphela. Ukuba ku emabhalekisini, yena yingcweti entsha ukuze mkhakha auto umakhenikha, okuyinto kwaba wusizo kuye ngemva demobilization.

Ukunika komsebenzi kuya Motherland, le nsizwa uzoya Kustanai esifundeni, lapho ayesebenza njengothisha ofundisa umakhenikha kwelinye ukuqeqeshwa wazibonela okusanhlamvu ipulazi.

Isifundo emanyuvesi

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, uSergei Nikiforovich uyabona ukuthi kudingeka uthole imfundo ephakeme, futhi ngo-1931 owaba umfundi we-Industrial futhi Pedagogical Institute. UKarla Libknehta, ngubani-dolobha. Kepha kungakabiphi kwashintsha lokho inyuvesi wakhe, hhayi omunye. Wathwalwa yizingelosi umsebenzi Party phakathi abafundi, ngokulinganisa, wangena Isikhungo Oriental Studies (wemboni Japanese), futhi emva kwesikhashana waba umfundi zomlando Faculty of Institute of Red uProfesa, labavulekela phambi Kruglov benethemba lokuba uthisha. Kodwa isiphetho ukwenze izilungiso yayo, futhi le nsizwa ayikwazanga ukuqeda esikoleni esiphakeme.

umsebenzi party

Ngo-1937, i-Institute undergraduate Red uProfesa ethunyelwe anawo party. Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich, ogama biography iyathakazelisa mlando, uwela uMnyango ehola emizimbeni party, okuyinto uba umhleli wemfanelo.

Abanolwazi emsebenzini leKomiti Central we CPSU (b), osemusha is adluliselwe ku-NKVD, okuyinto elizoba ekuqaleni Lavrenty Pavlovich Beria. Hlobo luni umsebenzi wayephethe ukuzama emnyangweni omusha Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich (Commissar)?

"Isandla sokunene" Beria

Wayefanele lokhozi izinto, abantu abathintekayo babe "nozakwethu" emsebenzini, ukwenza amacala kanye namacala. Lavrenty Pavlovich yayijabulela ukukhethwa umsebenzi omusha, futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili nje kuphela Kruglov iba umsizi ngqo Beria, le NKVD ephethwe uMnyango izisebenzi. Lokhu abukhali kuyanda umsebenzi kungokwalabo esigabeni imicimbi okungavamile. Kodwa ngo-1934 ejensi Lavrenty Pavlovich zabhekana kabusha: kwathiwa luhlukaniswe NKVD kanye NKGB. Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich, isithombe okuyinto kahle aziwayo kakade emphakathini waseSoviet, aqhubeka kube "ngakwesokunene" sama Beria, ngubani wamyala ukubhekana ne Gulag futhi ukukhiqiza kanye nokwakhiwa neminyango. Kodwa umsebenzi op kwaba ngaphandle kwenkululeko ukusebenza Kruglov ukuthi wamsindisa ngo-1953.

WWII

Ekuqaleni kwe-World War Two "amandla" ejensi futhi aye ahlanganiswa namanye zibe munye. Nakuba ngokusemthethweni Sergey Nikiforovich Kruglov kuyinto umsizi Beria, le NKVD, akazange azamukele iqhaza, futhi bathunyelwa epini.

Lapho amaJalimane wasondela eMoscow, isikhulu sezokuphepha zathi fuza phatha of 4th State ukwakhiwa ukuzivikela we NKVD kanye 4th ibutho sapper. Ngokuba sokuzivikela yenhloko-dolobha ngo-1942, wathola i the Order of Red Star. Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich (Commissioner) baqhubeka bekhonza emnyangweni amandla, futhi ebusika 1943, iziphathimandla inikeza ezinegunya kukaKhomishana uMnyango KaHulumeni Wezokuphepha besigaba sesibili. I NKVD, yaqhubeka likangqongqoshe.

Ngo-1944, i-kokuxoshwa kunobukhulu bendawo ingush, Chechens, Karachai, Kalmyks ezindaweni esempumalanga isikhulu sezokuphepha zathi wezwe ukhishwa Order of Suvorov , 1 st degree. Khona-ke Kruglov okuqalwe e-Ukraine lokulwa Oun, okuyinto waklonyeliswa Kutuzov Order of the degree 1st. Khona-ke Sergei Nikiforovich ithunyelwa emazweni aseBaltic. ELithuania uveza yokuhlanza okukhulu.

Ekupheleni kwempi lanikeza ukuvikelwa amathimba angaphandle kokuya inkomfa Yalta.

ngemva kwempi,

Ngo-1945, isikhulu sezokuphepha, ilungu ithimba Soviet, izofika US San Francisco, lapho Charter UN izokwakhiwa. Kusukela English, uthola isihloko eliphezulu kakhulu izikhulu - ". Knight yoMbuso WaseBrithani nawo"

Futhi ngo-1945, umphakathi waseSoviet ifunda ukuthi Kruglov Sergey Nikiforovich - UNgqongqoshe Wezangaphakathi zase-USSR, walandelwa esikhundleni Beria, okwadingeka omningi esikhathini Politburo.

ukufa umholi sika

Entwasahlobo ka-1953 efa "umholi izizwe" Josef Stalin, Yiqiniso, leli qiniso kuye kwabangela izinguquko eziphawulekayo apharathasi kahulumeni. Nakulokhu futhi, base ihlanganiswe ne iminyango NKVD kanye NKGB, kanye nokuphathwa kwe-isakhiwo amandla futhi wathatha phezu Lavrenty Beria. Iqabane Kruglov wabuyela isikhundla umngane wakhe wokuqala. Ngokushesha Kwagqashuka ekusithekeni ukulwela amandla, futhi inhloko yabangamashumi NKVD sathola ithuba elihle ukuba udle okuthunyelwe ka inhloko yezwe. Kodwa wayekholelwa ngokuqinile nesincintisana sína lapho sibhekene Nikity Sergeevicha Hruscheva, owagcina winner lo mdlalo. Lesi sakamuva, ukuthatha ehhovisi eziphakeme kakhulu kuleli zwe, baqala umshikashika asebenzayo ne Izishoshovu ubudala, okuyinto kwadingeka ngishintshe ummeleli yayo. Yiqiniso, elahlekelwa isikhundla sakhe nelungelo hhayi kuphela Lavrentiy Beriya, kodwa iphini lakhe - uSergei Kruglov, ngubani wayiswa umphathi umsizi e-Ministry of Ukwakhiwa izitshalo amandla. Kodwa entsha njengoba isikhulu sezokuphepha zathi akazange isikhathi eside.

Kakade ngo-1957 wayiswa Kirov yesifundazwe, lapho umkhandlu wesifunda umnotho kazwelonke, wamiswa umsizi usihlalo. Kodwa lokhu isimo Kruglov ngahlala isikhathi esifushane.

Isigaba sokugcina career

Ngo-1958, ngenxa yempilo engeyinhle ka Sergei Nikiforovich waphoqeleka ukuba ukhiphe ukukhubazeka kanye umhlalaphansi.

Ngo-1960, ex-UNgqongqoshe NKVD waxoshwa ezinhlwini party. Wabekwa icala iqhaza ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu zezombusazwe. Kodwa izikhulu LaseSoviet yayicabanga ukuthi umuntu ongakaphathelani iqembu, kwakungafanele athole ilungelo lokuthola "amaphoyisa 'umhlalaphansi ngakho bancishwa kuye izinzuzo kwezenhlalo, kodwa futhi wasusa inkonzo yakhe efulethini. Owabe sezokuphepha ngemva kwesikhathi esithile waphinde wazama uphinde ukwazi ubulungu bakhe ku Iqembu lamaKhomanisi, kodwa inkinga wasala limbo.

Ngandlela-thile, kodwa umsebenzi Kruglov ngemva kokuthola ukukhubazeka is hhayi kuqeda. Okwesikhathi esithile wasebenza iHhovisi yokuqedela usebenza eMnyango okulingene (-athomu) zobunjiniyela. Kule minyaka yamuva, lesi sikhulu wahlala ngempela linesizotha futhi engazenzi ophakeme.

isimo sobuhlobo

Sergey Nikiforovich Kruglov wayeyindoda yomuzi eyisibonelo. Enomkakhe kuphela Taisia Dmitrievnoj Ostapova ke ubudlelwane okusemthethweni ngo-1934. Bahlangana lapho babengabafundi abakhuthele namanje Industrial futhi Pedagogical Institute, futhi bahlale dorm efanayo. Umlando wendawo ethile yalokhu kuvakasha, licele kwaba imfuneko umshado. Kwenzeka isimanga ngoba Taisia abakwazanga baphume ngosuku. Isizathu kwenzakala banal. Ngaphambili, le ntombazane egumbini, kuhlanganise Thais, aqhephukile wathenga eyodwa izicathulo nhlobo, njengoba abafundi ngesikhathi edinga imali. Futhi omunye wabangane bakhe, ababeyile izicathulo "umphakathi", sikhohlwe ukuthi Thais baye ngosuku futhi selishonile amahora amathathu. Ngokwemvelo, kwakukhona unentshiseko imizwelo, futhi Ty ukuyichaza ukuthi uma le nsizwa ulinde wakhe, khona-ke wayezoba umkakhe. Sergei walinda, nakuba ukhathazekile kakhulu ukuthi ngeke angene. Ngenxa yalokho, umshado senzeka.

Kodwa wayenesizotha kakhulu, ngoba isimo impahla abasanda kushada esikhathini kwesokunxele okuningi okufanele oyifunayo. Isikhathi sokuqala emva komtshado, baqhubeka bephila kule dorm, ngaphandle nomunye. Khona-ke baba nendodakazi, u-Irina nendodana Valery.

Sergei Kruglov, waba kabuhlungu Kushone-July 1977. Udutshulwe yisitimela eduze kwepulatifomu "Pravda" (Yaroslavl isiqondiso ujantshi wedolobha). Statesman wembelwa Novodevichy Amathuna eMoscow.