UMsindisi-Euphrosyne Polotsk Monastery zesifazane: umlando, incazelo

Ekhulwini XII, inkathi yokuchuma yavivshem monasticism yasendulo Polotsk umhlaba, kwakhanya saint Euphrosyne wakhe wesikhathi esizayo. Umi abode wakhe, edabula eminyaka amaningi kunzima futhi ngezinye izikhathi egcwele izindaba amadlingozi, waphila ngokuvumelana izinsuku zethu, abe lesikhumbuzo kule ugodnitse Nkulunkulu, ngithandaza Manje sonke phambi kwesihlalo sobukhosi sikaNkulunkulu.

inkosazana Nkulunkulu onothando

Euphrosyne, ngubani wasungula wezindela Polotsk, wayevela emkhayeni ngamunye wama lasendulo kwesikhulu, owathatha kokuqala uMbhapathizi ka Rus, Prince uVladimir nomkakhe zenzisa Rogneda. Ubhapathizo engcwele, Predslava wabhapathizwa. Uqondile ekufundeni ekuseni nekubhala, Princess abasha, ukugwema evame ukubuzwa yibo bonke abantwana fun nemidlalo, bechitha isikhathi e-imiBhalo Engcwele nezingxoxo ne umeluleki ngokomoya - the Umphathi kukuliphi isonto, ngokuvamile endlini kayise.

intshiseko Lelo sasasa lenza inhlonipho abangane, kodwa akekho eyayingalindelwe ukuthi Predslava asemancane bazikhethele indlela enzima futhi olunameva of monasticism, simenze zize kuqala zonke izilingo zokuphila zezwe. Kwathi ngaleyo ndlela.

Ukuqala isevisi Izigodlo

Lapho intombi wayeneminyaka eyishumi nambili ekuqaleni, ngaleso sikhathi kubhekwe kweminyaka esemthethweni kuye ukuba ibe ngumakoti wakhe odumile, amtoti waqala woo eziningi impohlo abafanelekile kakhulu. Kodwa zonke sebewelele nokwenqaba flat. Ukuphendula usongo uyise wayiphoqa ukuba ishade nentombazane ukunikeza ngasese saphelelwa endlini futhi kwelinye zezindela eseduze wathatha izifungo lezindela, anikwa igama elisha - Euphrosyne.

Impilo ka-saint lisitshela ukuthi ekuqaleni indlela Izigodlo ekuleso imisebenzi, ubhalwe kabusha tomes lasendulo, kulondolozwe umtapo St. UZandile Cathedral Polotsk. Yokunyathelisa sasingakagcwaliseki yasungulwa, futhi ukuphindaphinda imiBhalo Paterik nezinye izincwadi ezingokomoya zaba kuphela ngale ndlela.

Ukuthunywa kwe-isithunywa sikaNkulunkulu

Kodwa maduze nje, iNkosi ngokuthi yakhe inkambo ehlukile. Euphrosyne wathunyelwa ingelosi evela ezulwini, ngubani wakhomba endaweni yakhe, lapho kamuva Isigodlo e Polotsk luzosuselwa. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi wahlala eduze iBandla elingcwele uMsindisi endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi i-Hamlet futhi ahlukaniswe emayela nengxenye emzini. Ndawonye naye ukuza nomunye Chernitsa umlando loyo ibizo lakhe engafakwanga. Kwathi 1125.

Okugcwele sokuthobeka, efana indela Euphrosyne ukukhonza uNkulunkulu kude, ovalelwe esuka emhlabeni, kodwa wayengafuni iNkosi isibani enjalo eliqhakazile ukholo wahlala ngaphansi ezisonga. Maduze saqala bazungezé wakhe futhi zahlala namanye amantombazane, unevestivshiesya Kristu.

Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli ukudalwa Isigodlo entsha

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngaleyo ndlela umphakathi Polotsk sezindela eyasungulwa kamuva, sesiye ngempela eziningi. Kule ndaba, lo uMfundisi Abbess sekwakhela esizeni a ngokhuni futhi ngaleso sikhathi baba isonto agugile isonto elisha itshe.

ibhizinisi enjalo uNkulunkulu ojabulisa anikelwe bendawo. Kwakukhona abanikeli yokuzithandela, futhi Polotsk. Imisebenzi yabo izimali ezidingekayo zathathwa. Ubuholi kuzo zonke msebenzi waba umakhi sendawo okuthiwa uJohn. Ngokusebenzisa imithandazo kuMama Owayephethe isigodlo St. Euphrosyne phendla ngomusa weNkosi kubakhi baso sethempeli elisha, futhi phakathi nezinyanga eziyisikhombisa rose ezindongeni esibhakabhakeni, oluyingungu, futhi abaculi umhlabeleli ziye zaveza nemidwebo lazo elimangalisayo.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Polotsk nunnery enwetshiwe, wamqinisa futhi isihloko ethempelini Wakha khona waziwa ngokuthi abode uMsindisi. Ngo 1155 the uMfundisi kuMama Owayephethe isigodlo eyasungulwa Isigodlo edude omunye, kulokhu, eyeduna, ukwakha isonto lokuqala Virgin Ubusisiwe. Lezi zezindela ezimbili Polotsk steel imiphetho izikhungo zokufunda kweqiniso. Lapho lezi zikole avuleka, umtapo kanye scriptorium - workshops imibhalo yesandla Ipeni.

Ukufa leZwe Elingcwele

Ngo 1173, ilindele ukuthi ukuwa kwawo sekuseduze, Euphrosyne ayefisa bahloniphe zabo zokugcina eNkosini - ukwenza waya ezweni nokukhulekela izindawo oNgcwele elihlobene ne bokuphila kwakhe emhlabeni. Bekanye ngumfowabo nodadewabo uDavide Eupraxia ngoJanuwari walishiya Polotsk futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezine, kokuzama indlela yabahamba ngezinyawo wafika eJerusalema, lapho owatholakala ekufanelekela ukuba bakhulekele Lethuna Elingcwele. Futhi kwaba khona-ke Euphrosyne cishe engamashumi ayisikhombisa.

indlela olunzima eZweni Elingcwele ayizange lidlule ngeze isalukazi. Ngokushesha wagula, yagula, futhi ngo-May 23 wanikela ngomphefumulo wakhe eNkosini, osekhonze konke ukuphila kwakhe. Abbess Euphrosyne wangcwatshwa, esekelwe okwazalelwa Polotsk sezindela eJerusalema lezindela eSt uTheodosius Elikhulu. sekudlule iminyaka elitshumi lane kamuva ke washukumiseleka nezinto ezingcwele incorrupt njengoba esifuze enkulu yafakwa Kyïv-Pechersk Lavra.

Landela impilo Isigodlo

Ngemva Phumula we wesigodlo ezingcwele Isigodlo based ke laqhubeka landa futhi bachume, kodwa phambi kwabo elinde sizi okwakhuthazelelwa share Russian bezwe ku XVI kanye XVIII leminyaka. sezindela zabesilisa labhujiswa, kuze kube yilolu suku engakaze walondoloza, kodwa Polotsk uMsindisi futhi St Euphrosyne, Esedabulile kweminyaka eminingi yokwehla nobumpofu, wakwazi ukuthi uphinde uzalwe ekhulwini XIX.

Ngo-1833, kwaqalwa umsebenzi we- kulungiswe ethempelini uMsindisi, kakhulu sawohloka ngesikhathi futhi ohlala eminyakeni yamuva ngokunganaki. It lalungiswa nezinye izakhiwo lezindela, futhi kancane nganxanye, ku osebeni emidwebweni emfuleni esakhiwe ubuhlengikazi izindlu ezintsha kwabathile.

Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu XIX ensimini ka wezindela kwakukhona amabili ngaphezulu ethempelini - behlonipha St. Euphrosyne ka Polotsk futhi Holy Cross Cathedral. Ngesikhathi sezindela efanayo Euphrosyne isananyathiselwe esigodlweni sezindela kanye lokuqala rate uma eqala ukusebenza zesifazane sabefundisi, okuyinto yayina kakhulu ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX.

Ngaphambi nje kokuba ama-October Yenguquko emihumeni Kiev-Pechersk Lavra e Polotsk babe ngikweluleke idlulisele izinsalela umsunguli we Isigodlo. Ngakho, ngemva kweminyaka engamakhulu ayisikhombisa ukuba ingane yabuyela St Euphrosyne. Polotsk sezindela wahlangana ukukhala kwakhe emisiwe nezikhencezo zonke emathempelini awo.

Iminyaka izikhathi ezinzima futhi namuhla

Phakathi neminyaka uNkulunkulu akekho umbuso sezindela ayebanika isiphetho zezindela olungcwele wezwe lakithi. Ngokuphindaphindiwe ivaliwe, wasuka amagugu, kuhlanganise izinsalela umsunguli wayo, futhi izakhiwo zazisetshenziselwa izidingo zasendlini. Kodwa lutho ukuthi lo mBhalo uthi okhuthazelayo kuze kube sekupheleni lowo uyakusindiswa. Waphila futhi Polotsk sezindela.

Ekuqaleni yokwakha kabusha, lapho esebuyele kholwa, futhi maduze, kunikezwe ifomu ngenxa yemisebenzi besonto eziningi, waphinde impilo yakhe. Namuhla izindela ka wezindela odade ayisikhombisa. Nsuku zonke ethempelini labetibambile ekuseni nakusihlwa amasevisi. Zenziwa e Cross oNgcwele, Euphrosyne namasonto isimo.

Eyimidanti ikhalenda Polotsk sezindela ihlukile uhlelo, okuyinto lihlelwe abavamile parish amasonto. Phakathi nezinsuku, amasevisi ekuseni ziqala at 5:45 am, Nowaphezulu at 7:15 futhi isevisi kusihlwa - at 16:45. On amaSonto kanye namaholide omphakathi kunezelwa kamuva Inkonzo, eyenziwa ngaso 9:30.