Isikrini se-Archimedes sisungulwe kahle

Iphuzu elikulesi sihloko akusilo ngomnqobi omkhulu noma umbhubhisi, kodwa ngomuntu obambe iqhaza elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni impucuko. Ungumsayense wasendulo ongumGreki u-Archimedes. Ukwakhiwa kwakhe okuhlakaniphile kuyi-screw Archimedes.

Usosayensi omkhulu wahlala futhi wasebenza esikhathini esikude kakhulu, unyaka wakhe wokuzalwa - 287 BC. Wenze izinto eziningi ezitholakalayo. Izinto eziyisisekelo ze-hydrostatics nomthetho odumile we-Archimedes, ukuthuthukiswa ohlelweni lwezinsiza, ukuvuthwa kwe-pulley, ukudubula kwezidumbu, futhi ekugcineni i-Archimedes isikhunta - sonke sikweleta lesi siGreki esikhulu. Kwanele nje ukuba sikhumbule izwi lakhe, elisifinyelele ekugodleni kwalasha ngesikhathi: "Nginike iphuzu lokusekela, futhi ngizoguqula izwe lonke".

Iyini i-Screwdem screw edumile? I-spiral efakwe e-cylinder yikho. Lapho ejikeleza, wathatha uketshezi futhi wamthatha. Izikhala phakathi kwemikhawulo yokuvunguza kanye nezindonga zesilinda zavumela i-shaft ukuba ijikeleze ngokukhululekile. Ngenxa yalokho, amanzi athululelwa ekupheleni okuvulekile. Ngakho-ke, ngokufaka umkhawulo owodwa we-cylinder emanzini, kanti omunye ephakeme ekhoneni futhi ejikeleza shaft, uketshezi ukondliwe phezulu. Ukushintshanisa kwakungenzeka sengathi i-shaft ngokwayo ihamba ngaphakathi kwe-cylinder, ne-cylinder kanye ne-shaft.

Umvuthwandaba ofanayo we-archimedean wawusetshenziselwa ukuphakamisa amanzi ngesikhathi sokunisela amasimu nokukhipha imayini, umkhumbi ubamba, iziqhingi namaxhaphozi. Ukusebenza kwedivayisi enjalo kwakuphakeme kunokwesondo elisekhona kwamanzi. Inzuzo ebalulekile kwakuwukuthi indlela efanayo yayisetshenziselwa ukuphakamisa uketshezi olubili oluhlanzekile kanye nengxube yalo emhlabathini, ukumiswa.

Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, okokuqala isikhunta se-Archimedes sisetshenziselwa ukuphakamisa amanzi avela ezindaweni eziphansi, kusukela emfuleni kuya phezulu, kuya emasimini anisele. Ngenxa yesistimu efanayo, amasimu ayekhukhulwa eGibhithe, eGrisi nakwezinye izindawo. Kamuva, le ndlela yasetshenziselwa ukupompa amanzi emayini. Isakhiwo se-sloping singena ohlelweni lwezintaba. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwesistimu yokupompoza ngamanzi ngokusetshenziswa kwe-spiral, izingxenye eziningi ezingaphansi komhlaba ezimbiwe phansi zafinyeleleka. Ngokwezazi-mlando, abanye abavukuzi baseSpain bathi le ndlela yokuhambisa amanzi yayithandwa kakhulu.

Ngaphandle kokuphumelela okuncane, amaDashi enza ngendlela efanayo yokuqedela. Bayizungeza amadamu ngesigaba sezilwandle bese bephuphuma amanzi kuwo. Ngakho-ke, banda insimu yabo, babuyisa izwe ngasolwandle.

Njengoba ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, imibono ehlobene ne-Archimedes isikhunta ithola izicelo ezintsha. Cishe ayikho imboni eyodwa engasebenzisi izikrini zokubamba. Kodwa empeleni zisekelwe esimisweni esifanayo.

Kwezinye izimo eziningi, lesi sombululo sobuchwepheshe sasetshenziswa ngempumelelo efanayo. I-Worm reducer - umbukiso wayo yenziwa ngumsosayensi omkhulu. I-screw mechanism nayo ingabhekwa njengokuthuthukiswa kombono waseSyracrase. Zingaki izicucu ze-screw ezidalwe kamuva, akunakwenzeka ukucabanga. Emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka isintu sathola amafutha newayini ngokusebenzisa amadivaysi anjalo.

I-auger nayo i-Screw Archimed modified. Faka isicelo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kusukela e-meat grinder evamile kumajini wezokuthutha. Ukuze unqobe izindawo ezinamanzi lapho kungenakwenzeka ukusebenzisa isondo noma ithrekhi, sebenzisa i-ATV nama-auger motors.

I-auger isetshenziselwa kokubili ukudala imithombo emasimini abo kanye nemithombo embonini. Futhi imikhumbi ihamba ngenxa ye- propeller, okuyingxenye ye- Archimedes 'yokuvunguza. Enhliziyweni yakho konke lokhu kusho ukutholakala kwengqondo yesiGreki.

Kule ndaba, ukusungulwa kwesosayensi ongumGreki waseSirakuse, isikhunta se-Archimedes, kwakucatshangwa, ukusetshenziswa kwayo okusebenzayo esikhathini esidlule futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwezobuchwepheshe zanamuhla kwaboniswa.