Amaklayenti amancane - kuyini? Ukuxhumeka nokusetshenziswa kwamakhasimende amancane

Ngokuvamile, lapho bekhuluma ngezici zohlelo, baqonda ulimi lapho luhlanganisiwe khona. Noma izidingo zesistimu ezidingekayo ukuze ziqalwe. Kodwa kunezinye izincazelo ezincane kakhulu ezaziwa kakhulu. Omunye wabo ngamakhasimende amancane. Iyini futhi kungani ithuthukiswa?

Iyini iklayenti elincane?

Amaklayenti amancane aqondwa ngamakhompiyutha noma izinhlelo ezisebenza njengengxenye yenethiwekhi nesakhiwo sokugcina noma iklayenti-server. Kodwa azisebenzi nje lapho. Konke noma okungenani imisebenzi eminingi yokucubungula ulwazi idluliselwa kumaseva lapho amakhasimende amancane axhunyiwe khona. Kuyini ekusebenzeni? Isibonelo isiphequluli, esetshenziselwa ukucubungula izinhlelo zokusebenza zenethiwekhi, ngenxa yokuthi manje ungafunda kanjani le migqa. Ukuze uhlelo lusebenze, udinga iseva yamaklayenti amancane, ngaphandle kwalokho akunakwenzeka ngomqondo onjalo.

Kungani kudingeka?

Ukuze uyibeke kalula, iklayenti elincanyana yikhompyutha engaphansi kakhulu ephethe uhlelo lokusebenza olukhanyayo futhi ixhuma kwisiphakeli esibulalayo. It isetshenziswa kuphela ukusindisa kwi hardware kanye software (nakuba ezimweni ezingavamile, kungase kube nezinye izinto). Iklayenti elincane elincane liyiyunithi yesistimu engenayo i-disk eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi kukhona ubuncane be-hardware okudingekayo ukuthi isebenzise uhlelo lokusebenza. Ukunikezwa kwamandla, igundane, ikhibhodi, ukuqapha kanye nekhebula lenethiwekhi kuxhunyiwe. Kungase kube namanye amadivaysi, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwabo kungenzeka kuphela uma bekhonjisiwe futhi badluliselwa kwisiphakeli esibulalayo.

Futhi, izinga elidingekayo lokusebenzisa kwi-software linciphile. Asikho isidingo sokuthenga ilayisense yikhompyutha ngayinye - kudingekile kuphela kuseva eyodwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindleko zokunakekelwa kwabasebenzi ziyanciphisa , ngoba kuphela ukuphela okudingekayo ukuphatha. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, kunengqondo ukulimaza iklayenti elincane (uma kungenjalo kwenziwa imizamo enenhloso). Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, izidingo zabasebenzi zesevisi ziyanda. Ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene nokudluliswa kwamacala kusuka komqondisi oyedwa kuya kwesinye. Khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi umkhulumeli afunde kahle konke, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhluleka kungabangela ukuwa kwehlelo lonke, futhi amaklayenti amancane azolahlekelwa inani lawo. Yini owaziyo, futhi ihluke kanjani kumafutha?

Umehluko phakathi komklayenti omncane futhi okhulu

Yini okucatshangelwayo uma iklayenti elinyene nelincane lihlukile? Umehluko phakathi kwabo yilezi: ngaphansi kweyokuqala baqonde uhlobo olujwayelekile lwezinhlelo ezingasebenza ngokuzimela ku-terminal ehlukile. Abadingi isiphakeli esikude sokukhishwa kwekhwalithi yomsebenzi wabo. Lokho okwesibini, usuvele usazi. Futhi yilokho okuyinhloko futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo umehluko owodwa ukuthi iklayenti elikhulu futhi elincanyana linalo. Izingxabano zisengakhulunywa ngezici zokusebenza, kodwa zonke zihambisana nesiphakamiso esenziwe ngaphambilini.

Isebenza kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zokulanda ezikhona?

Ubuchwepheshe busebenza kanjani? Ngokuvamile, lonke ulwazi lungabanjwa ngamaphuzu amathathu:

1. Ekhompyutheni, ngenye yezinhlobo ezikhona kungenzeka iklayenti elincane elilayishiwe. Okukhethwa kukho okuyinhloko yi: LAN, CD, HDD.
2. Inqubo yokulanda iklayenti elincane (noma uma isebenza nenethiwekhi yendawo kuyo), ikhadi le-inthanethi lomsakazo lithola ikheli layo le-IP.
3. Lapho ukuqhuma zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidingekayo kuphelile, ukuxhuma kwiseshini esibulalayo ne-server ecacisiwe kuzilungiselelo kudalwa ngedeskithophu. Ukufinyelela kunganikezwa noma udinga iphasiwedi futhi ungena ngemvume. Ukuxhumeka kwamakhasimende amancane ngenxa ye-LAN yebhizinisi kumele inikwe amandla kuzilungiselelo zeseva.

Indlela uhlelo lokusebenza lisebenza ngayo, ngokujwayelekile usuvele unomqondo. Kodwa enye ebaluleke kunazo zonke yisigaba sokulanda, esilawo wonke amaklayenti amancane. Kuyini, lapho kungathathwa khona, uma kungekho disks ezinzima lapho idatha igcinwa khona ngokuvamile? Kunamathuba amabili:

1. Landa usebenzisa inethiwekhi. Amaseva we-TFTP no-DHCP kufanele asebenze kwinethiwekhi yendawo. Kukhompyutha ngokwalo, kuzomele kube nekhadi le-inethiwekhi elinempahla ye-BootROM, noma abashayeli abakhethekile abayilandelayo. Ihlola ukutholakala kwazo zonke izici, ithola izilungiselelo futhi ilayishe uhlelo lokusebenza.
2. Landa uhlelo olufakwe ngaphambilini kusuka ku-DVD \ CD \ Flash \ IDE.

Umthengi weWebhu

Ubuchwepheshe "iklayenti elincane" lithandwa kakhulu kunokuba lingabonakala ekuqaleni. Ufuna isibonelo esibonisa ukuthi uyayisebenzisa okwamanje? Yebo, sicabanga ukuthi kunomsebenzi okhethekile okufanele unikezwe okwejwayelekile okwamanje kumakhasimende amancane - iziphequluli. Ziyizibonelo ezinhle zomsebenzi ezimisweni ezinjalo. Ngokwayo, isiphequluli asinakukwenza kancane. Kodwa amathuba avulekele kukhompyutha enokuxhumana nenethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke inkulu! Umshini ungaba nesisetshenziswa esincane kakhulu sesofthiwe, kodwa ngokuthola idatha edingekayo kusuka kumaseva akude, ungathembela ekwakheni indawo ephezulu nenhloso eminingi. Konke okudingekile ukuthi umsebenzisi wekhompiyutha ahlele isicelo sakhe, emva kwalokho ulwazi oludingekile luzotholakala emithonjeni yangaphandle.

Ukusebenza kwimodi yokugcina

Ngaphezu kwamacala achaziwe ngenhla, kufanelekile ukugqamisa isici esisodwa se-hardware somklayenti omncane ongenakwenzeka - idivaysi ekhethekile ehluke ngokuphelele kwikhompyutha yomuntu siqu. Indlela enjalo ayihlomele i-disk eyinkimbinkimbi futhi isebenzisa isistimu yokusebenza yasendaweni ekhethekile (imisebenzi yayo ihlanganisa ukuhlela iseshini nesiphakeli esibulalayo ukuze umsebenzisi asebenze). Futhi, idivaysi enjalo ayinayo izingxenye ezikhethekile ezihambayo, ikhiqizwa ezimweni ezikhethekile futhi ipholile ngokuphelele. Ake sibone isibonelo senqubo yangempela, lapho iklayenti elincane lisebenza khona? Kuyini? I-1C wuhlelo oluzocatshangelwa. Ngakho, kuyo yonke into isekelwe emsebenzini wezingxenye ezimbili: enye yesikhulumi esifanele, okudingekayo emsebenzini. Esesibili yisandiso esifeza imigomo ehlukene. Kodwa ayikwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kwesikhulumi.

Ama-protocol asetshenziswa amakhasimende amancane

Kungenzeka ukuhlonza izinhlobo ezingu-9 ezithandwa kakhulu ezilandelwayo ezisetshenziswa ekuthuthukiseni le software. Uhlu lwabo lufana nalokhu:

1. I-X11 - isicelo esitholiwe ku-Unix-izinhlelo.
2. I-Telnet iyi-protocol ye-multiplatform. I-medium-oriented-oriented communication medium.
3. I-SSH i-analog ye-multiplatform ye-Telnet. Umehluko omkhulu ukuphepha kwedatha edlulisiwe.
4. I-NX NoMachine yi-protocol ye-X11 ethuthukisiwe. Inzuzo enkulu ukucindezelwa kwedatha.
5. I-Virtual Network Computing iyisistimu ezimele yesikhulumi. Isebenzisa iphrothokholi elula yeklayenti-seva application-layer yokufinyelela amakhompyutha adingekayo axhunyiwe kulolu hlelo.
6. I-Independent Computing Architecture yindlela engaphelele yokudlulisa idatha. Le protocol iboniswa ngokuphawulekayo ekusebenzeni kanye nezidingo zezinhlelo ezisebenzayo.
7. Iprotocol yeDeskithophu Ekude - isekela ukufinyelela kwedeskithophu ekude. Ungadlulisa imininingwane ehlukahlukene, futhi ivule amathuba amaningi okusebenzisa imishini esilawuliwe.
8. I-SPICE iyi-protocol yokudlulisa idatha, engasetshenziswa ngenduduzo hhayi kwinethiwekhi yendawo kuphela, kodwa futhi nge-intanethi. Isici saso "ukukhululeka kwesofthiwe", okukuvumela ukuba ushintshe idatha ngokushesha. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokulula kwezinqubo zokudlulisa idatha (ezingenziwa ngaphandle kwezindleko zokusebenza). Kungasebenza futhi kumabonakude amaningi omshini.
9. Izivumelwano ezivaliwe ezihlukahlukene, ezakhiwe ngabalingisi bamafemu ahlukahlukene kanye namabhizinisi. Zisetshenziswa kuphela, njengomthetho, ensimini yenkampani eyenziwe ngayo. Unamapharamitha ambalwa, okufaka: ukuqaliswa, izidingo zesistimu, izakhiwo. Iklayenti elincane kuleli cala lisetshenziswe ngokugcwele kumabhizinisi ngabanye kanye namaproprotocol asebenza ensimini yawo.

Izibonelo zokuqalisa

Njengesibonelo sokuqaliswa komklayenti omncane, ungahlakulela intuthuko enjengokuthi:

1. Ukufinyelela kwesikhashana.
2. Isiteshi esingaxhunyiwe.
3. LTSP.
4. Ukuthunjwa.

Ukusetshenziselwa amaklayenti amancane kuvumela ezimweni ezinjalo ukusheshisa ukubuyekezwa kwazo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidingekayo emsebenzini.