I-Hypertext iyindlela yokuveza ulwazi

I-Hypertext ingumqondo ohlala utholakala kwi-intanethi, izincwadi ezibuchwepheshe be-intanethi, nezilimi zekhompyutha. Kuyini futhi "idla"?

Incazelo ithi hypertext iyindlela yokwaziswa okuvamile noma kaningi, okungavamile. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-hypertext kusiza ukuguqulwa kusuka kwesinye ibhulogi kuya kwesinye.

Njengamanje, kubhekwa ukuthi i-hypertext isetshenziswa uma isebenza nekhompyutha, ikakhulukazi kwi-Inthanethi. I-hyperlink ngayinye iqala ngeWWW. Igama elithi "hypertext" lanyuka phakathi neminyaka engama-60 yangekhulu lama-XX. Ingene ngumfilosofi wakhe odume waseMelika nomholi wezenhlalakahle uTed Nelson.

Isici salo esiyinhloko ukuthi i-hypertext ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bathathe ukusuka kwelinye ikhasi baye kwelinye, kuye ngezidingo zabo kanye nemigomo. Kulesi simo, umsebenzisi angakwazi ukubuyela njalo ekhasini ayelikhona kakade.

Umqondo we-hypertext uthakazelisa kakhulu ngezilimi zekhompyutha. Uma siqala ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu kanye nekhompyutha ngokujwayelekile, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-hypertext bahlangene cishe kuzo zonke izinyathelo.

Isibonelo, nsuku zonke ubona izikhangiso, izikhangisi, ezikhombisa inombolo yocingo noma ikheli. Kukholelwa ukuthi lolu lwazi luyi-hypertext. Phela, ngokubiza inombolo, "uya" emthonjeni wolwazi oluthe xaxa. Okufanayo kungashiwo ngokuqukethwe kwamabhuku nomagazini. Uma ubuke, ngokushesha ukhetha ikhasi lapho ulwazi oludingayo lukhona khona.

Kukholelwa ukuthi kwakuyizinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene, izinkomba zama-alfabhethi, ukufaka amakhabhinethi ayeyizinhlelo zokuqala ze-hypertext.

Namuhla, i-hypertext ihlotshaniswa kakhulu namakhompyutha kanye ne-Intanethi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ososayensi bayaqaphela ukuthi kunikeza ukuxhumana okukhulu phakathi komuntu nekhompyutha. Kuvela ukuthi i-hypertext iyinto ewusizo kakhulu.

Kodwa yini engaba yi-hypertext? Isixhumanisi nje? Cha, i-hypertext ingabhalwa ngokuhlukile. Lokhu kungaba ukuxhumanisa kombhalo, nezinombolo ze-digital, njengezinombolo zocingo, amakhasi, ngisho nezithombe. Konke kuncike kokwaziswa okwethulwa ekhasini.

Kufanelekile ukuphawula amagama ambalwa mayelana nokuthi ulimi lwesi-markup hypertext luyini. Lolu ulimi oluhlelwe ngokuhlelwa kohlelo, owakha amakhasi wewebhu, kanye nezincwadi zamakhompyutha. Siyabonga, amakhasi ahlelwe kahle kuzo zonke iziphequluli ze-Intanethi.

Ulimi lokuqala lwe-hypertext yama-markup luyi-HTML. Ebuyiselwe emuva ngo-1990 nguTim Brens-Lee, usasetshenziswa kakhulu ekudaleni amakhasi ewebhu.

Ngokwemvelo, ulimi lwe-HTML luyaqhubeka luphuthukisiwe, izinguqulo ezintsha ziyadalwa, zongezwa ngamathegi amasha nemithetho yokumaketha.

Ukudala amakhasi, sebenzisa kokubili abahleli bamathekisthi (inothi), nabahleli abahleli be-HTML, amathuluzi wokuklama okubukwayo.

Ngakho, i-hypertext iyindlela yokuveza ulwazi elinemithetho yayo, ulimi kanye namaphethini. Ngosizo lwaso, singathola ngokushesha ulwazi esikudingayo futhi sijwayele nalo.