Ulimi oluyisisekelo lohlelo nomlando walo

Umlando wezilimi zokuhlela uyazi izibonelo eziningi lapho kunezinguquko zangempela ohlelweni. Umlando wolimi lohlelo lwe-BASIC yilokho kuphela. Kusuka olimini oluthile oluncane olusetshenziselwa ukuqeqeshwa, seluyisilinganiso sangempela cishe kuzo zonke izilimi zokuhlela.

Ulimi lohlelo lwe-BASIC lwakhiwa nguThomas Kurtz noJohn Kenomes, ngo-1964 ngenhloso yokufundisa abafundi okuyisisekelo sezinhlelo. Ulimi lwaba lula, oluqondakalayo, ngesibonakaliso esilula. Umgomo wabathuthukisi wawucacile: babedinga ulimi oluhle lokuhlela olwalufinyeleleka ngesikhathi esifanayo. Nazi izinhlinzeko ezisemqoka ezicatshangelwa "Obaba" be-BASIC:

1) Ukulula ukusetshenziswa;

2) Ukuhlukumeza;

3) Ulwazi;

4) Ulimi kufanele lusekele ikhono lokulandelela nokulungisa amaphutha;

5) Ulimi akufanele ludinga ulwazi olunzulu lwe-hardware;

6) Ulimi lokuhlela kufanele libe yisixhumanisi phakathi komsebenzisi nesistimu yokusebenza.

Ngenxa yalokho, yayisetshenziswa kwezinye izikhungo eziningi zemfundo. Eminyakeni engu-11 kamuva, lapho izwe ligcwele izigidi zamakhompiyutha amasha, ulimi lohlelo lwe-BASIC lwama-Bill Gates anesithakazelo noPaul Allen, abantu abakha iMicrosoft. Bona, ngokuzikhandla okuhlangene, baye bathuthukisa inguqulo ye-BASIC yamakhompyutha wokuqala angasebenza ngisho ne-4кb memory memory (!).

Ngemva kwesikhashana, kwakuyi-version yabo eyaba yinye yezilimi ezisetshenzisiwe kakhulu futhi ezithandwa kakhulu. Phakathi nokuthuthukiswa kolimi lohlelo BASIC ivame ukuzama ukuvala, abaningi bafuna ukuthola amaphutha futhi baphumelele ekuqedeni ukusetshenziswa kwalolu limi. Kodwa-ke, ngokufika kwamakhompiyutha e- IBM, bekuyi-BASIC eyayiba ulimi oluyinhloko lokusetshenziswa olwenziwe abanye. Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi kakade ibizwa ngokuthi i-GW-eyisisekelo. Kwabe sekufika isisekelo se-turbo esivela eBorland nase Quick Quick. Zonke izinguqulo ezakhiwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zibhalwa ngendlela eyokwenza ukuthi zihambisane nezidlule. Ngisho inguqulo yakamuva yalolu limi lohlelo lokusebenza isebenza okokuqala, nezinguquko ezincane.

Kwabe sekufika inkathi ye-Microsoft. Ukuqala kwama-90: uhlelo lokusebenzisa amawindi lwathathwa cishe yonke imakethe yesofthiwe, wonke umuntu wayejabule ukubona, bonke - ngaphandle kwabalimi. Ukuphila kwabo sekube isihogo. Ukuze udale amawindi ajwayelekile, alula, kufanele ubhale amakhasi wekhodi yamanzi, ushintshe amafonti wokubhala, futhi ekugcineni "udwebe" izinkinobho ezintsha. Kodwa kufanele sivume ukuthi kunezinzuzo eziningi kunezingozi, futhi ekugcineni, inguqulo yesithathu yesistimu yokusebenza ibe yindinganiso yomhlaba ye-PC.

Kube nesidingo sokushintsha i-BASIC. Ngakho, ulimi lohlelo lwe-BASIC lwaziwa ngokuthi yi-Microsoft Visual Basic. Amacebo amaningi aleyo nkampani ayengakaziwa, futhi abathuthukisi babegxile kululwimi olusha lokuhlela ngokuyinhloko labo abangewona ochwepheshe. Isistimu yokuhlela eyenziwe ku-Visual Basic yenza ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba isuke esakhiweni esinzima samafasitela futhi idale izinhlelo zezinga elihle, elingenalo ulwazi olukhulu kakhulu lwezolwazi. Isipikili sokugcina ebhokisini, okwakungcwaba abanye, izinhlobo ezinjalo zezilimi zokuhlela njengeFranran noPascal, kwakungukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-BASIC yezicelo.

Njengamanje ulimi lohlelo lwe-BASIC luvame kakhulu kangangokuthi cishe wonke umqambi wokuzihlonipha uyazi futhi uyayisebenzisa. Ngifuna ukuqaphela ukuthi lisetshenziselwa izinhlelo ezifana ne-microsoft office kanye ne-internet explorer. Kodwa, mhlawumbe, enye yezindawo ezibalulekile kakhulu zesicelo, ulimi lohlelo lwe-BASIC, olutholakala lapho kuthuthukiswa futhi kulungiswa izinhlelo zokusebenza ku-NET imvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwakamuva kwe-Bill Gates yenkampani, i-Microsoft C ++ ivula amathuba amaningi kubasebenzisi, konke kubonga amaprofesa amabili aseDartmouth College.