Iyini ikhadi lenethiwekhi?

Noma yiluphi uhlelo lwekhompyutha lwanamuhla luyinkimbinkimbi yezixhobo zokuxhumana, ngayinye eyenza imisebenzi ethile. Isibonelo, ikhadi levidiyo lenzelwe ukudala izibonakaliso eziguqulwa umqaphi zibe isithombe; Umsindo - wokukhishwa komsindo; Ikhadi lenethiwekhi - ukuxhumana kwezinhlelo zamakhompyutha eziningana, njll. Bonke, behlangene ohlelweni olulodwa, bakha ikhompyutha. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda izici zamadivayisi, ukwazi izici zabo eziyisisekelo. Isihloko sendaba yanamuhla yikhadi lenethiwekhi.

Njengamanje, imakethe inikeza ukuguqulwa okuncane kwalezi zinsiza, ezihlukile komunye nomkhiqizi, uhlelo lokuxhumana olusetshenzisiwe, isivinini esiphezulu somsebenzi, indlela yokuxhuma kwi-motherboard yekhompiyutha kanye nokudluliswa kwedatha. Ake sicabangele umzuzu ngamunye ngokuningiliziwe.

Umkhiqizi

Kunezinkampani ezimbalwa ezakha amadivayisi anjalo. Uma ukhetha kufanelekile ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kwi-chip esetshenzisiwe - yizici zakhe ezibeka amathuba okwenziwa. Lezi kungaba imikhiqizo yezinkampani Realtek, Intel, Qualcomm, njll. Bonke labo abahlanganyela ngqo ekukhiqizeni imishini yokuxhumana. Naphezu kokuthi umsebenzi oyinhloko wamadivaysi afanayo, "izinkuni" zekhadi lenethiwekhi (uhlelo ohlelweni olusebenzayo olulawula umsebenzi) lungaba namakhono angeziwe okuhlukile abakhiqizi abahlukene. Isibonelo, ukuphathwa kwamandla okuhlakaniphile, indlela yokucubungula umyalo wokuvusa, ukubeka usayizi wesakhiwo akukhona kuzo zonke izixazululo, futhi ukuqaliswa kungahle kube okuhlukile. Uma ikhadi lenethiwekhi kufanele lisekele amakhono athile, khona-ke kufanele kukhethwe ukukhetha, kulungiselelwe kuphela. Kubasebenzisi abajwayelekile, noma yiliphi ikhadi le-network lifanelekile, into esemqoka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imingcele yejubane kanye nesimiso sokudlulisela kufanelekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zezixazululo ezifanayo ezisebenza ngokuyinhloko zithembele kumkhiqizi. Lapho ukuthenga imikhiqizo yomthuthukisi odumile kudingeke ukuthi iqoqe ngaphezulu "ngegama." Kukholelwa ukuthi lezi zithombe zinamathemba aphezulu kunebhajethi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngempela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ikhadi le-D-Link lenethiwekhi (kanye nanoma yimuphi omunye umkhiqizi) lingathengwa ngenani elihlukile. Sinikeza izizathu zalokhu ngezansi.

Izici zekhwalithi

Ukuze uphathe ukugeleza kwedatha yedijithali ngendlela ethile, ikhadi yenethiwekhi yenza inani elikhulu lokubala - lenza amaphakethe ngokuhambisana namazinga, ukulawula ukwamukelwa / ukudluliselwa, njll. Futhi ngenxa yalokhu, izinsiza zomgudu wokucubungula ophakathi zisetshenziswa. Yingakho ngemali enkulu yedatha edlulisiwe, kungase kube nokuwohloka okuvamile. Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, ama-chips kwezinye izibonelo zamakhadi enethiwekhi akwazi ukucubungula ngokuzimela ukusakaza kwedatha ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iphrosesa ephakathi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hardware processing. Kungaba okuphelele futhi okuyingxenye. Ngakho-ke, ikhadi elingabizi elinokulawula uhlelo lufanelekile ukuhlelwa kwenethiwekhi elula, kodwa ezindaweni eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi kunconywa ukuba zinakekele onobuhle obuningi.

Isivinini

Ukusebenza kungenye yezici eziyinhloko zamadivayisi anjalo. Ngokuhambisana nesilinganiso, amakhadi angase asekele amanani wedatha we-10, 100, no-1000 ama-megabithi ngomzuzwana. Zonke izixazululo zesimanje, lapho isisetshenziswa se-RJ-45 esetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ikhebula, zihambisana nomunye nomunye, okungukuthi, ngekhebula elifanayo ungakwazi ukuxhuma onobuhle nge-10 no-1000 Mbit. Kulesi simo, izivumelwano zizophinde ziphinde ziphinde zenzeke ngesivinini esiphansi. Ngakho-ke, uma udinga ukuxhuma amakhompyutha amabili kunethiwekhi ye-1Gb, bese unayo ikhebula namakhadi adingekayo, lokhu kungenziwa kalula. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona isigaba esiphakathi phakathi kwabo, isibonelo, inkinobho enguM 100, khona-ke isivinini esiphezulu sizobe sinqunyelwe kubo.

NgoLwesithathu

Ukudluliswa kwedatha , ikhebula (isibini esontekile) singasetshenziswa , kanye nama frequency omsakazo. Amakhadi asebenzisa isisombululo sakamuva ngokuvamile asebenza ngokuya ngezinga le-Wi-Fi. Manje zithandwa kakhulu, njengoba ukuxhumana kulula kakhulu. Isivinini sokudlulisa uma usebenzisa isiteshi somsakazo asidluli i-300 Megabit.