Amandla olwandle

Uma uthemba izibikezelo zososayensi, enikezwe non-lamandla izinsiza uzobe ukhathele emashumini eminyaka ezayo, ukufuna eminye imithombo kagesi udinga ukuqala manje. Uma izibalo zilungile ke amafutha kusanele iminyaka 45-50, igesi - iminyaka 70-80, i-uranium - 100, amalahle, mhlawumbe iminyaka engu-400. Alternative izinhlobo zamandla kuyodingeka esintwini ophucukile njengoba umoya. Kodwa uma ucabangela ukungcola okuyoba inhlekelele ukukhiqizwa udoti ka yonke le mbulunga iyonke, kudingeka makudle athi 'okuhlanzekile' amandla: emisebeni yelanga, umoya energy, geothermal wezamandla, ka amanzi imisinga, amagagasi, amagagasi, zihlakazeke amanzi nokushisa emoyeni. Le mithombo - nalesebentisa non-engcolisa.

By the way, ikghonakalo yokukhula komnotho kule mithombo kabili ukukhiqizwa zaminyaka yonke zayo yonke ekhona ye-fuel ezimbiwa phansi namuhla. Uma ukwakha umoya namandla olwandle, funda ukuqoqa amandla, okusenza sibe ilanga, kungenzeka ukuze kwaneliswe izidingo ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi emhlabeni wonke.

amandla noTidali zingaphendulwa zibe yizindawo yokuhlanganela ugesi amandla ka namagagasi. Eyokuqala enjalo amandla plant wathola eRussia eKamchatka (Pauzhetskaya). umthamo Ezazimzungezile - 5 MW.

Ukuze pool ukwakhiwa mandla kudingeka (damming emfuleni noma edamini bay). Idamu kufanele afakwe culverts izimbobo abaphehla ugesi wokubacindezela, ujikeleze generator.

Ibubulo elenziwe ngesimbi imishini blade ijikeleziswa ngu ukugeleza okusamanzi (amanzi). Abaphehla ugesi bangase babe svobodnostruynymi (umsebenzi) kanye naporostruynymi (esisheshayo); by design - evundla mpo. Amandla ziyahlukahluka kusuka amashumi emakhulwini megawatts.

kanjani amandla olwandle? Njengoba sekunama-amanzi okusezingeni eliphezulu tide agelezela pool. Lapho eqhathanisa isimo ezingeni amanzi echibini naselwandle kukhona evaliwe izimbobo umshudo Ukonakala komsele. Inani futhi, ngokufanelekile, kukhona ukwehla izinga lamanzi olwandle. Njengoba nje ingcindezi amanzi kuyoba okwanele, ne abaphehla ugesi kuhlanganisa ugesi, kwaze kwaba yilapho kuwa amanzi ezingeni wechibi.

Kwezomnotho nokwenzeka ukwakha olwandle ugesi esiteshini lapho oscillations olwandle amamitha amane noma ngaphezulu. Design nomthamo olwandle izitshalo amandla zincike igagasi izinhlamvu ezindaweni ukwakhiwa amandla ngevolumu futhi endaweni amachibi olwandle, inani abaphehla ugesi ezifakiwe.

NoTidali amandla bidirectional kubasebenzi, kusho isihloko sakho, ukuvuma amanzi olwandle futhi emuva. Ngamanye amazwi, ziyakwazi ukukhiqiza ugesi kusukela amahora 4 kuya ku 5, bese kuza ikhefu kancane (ihora noma amabili), kanye isitshalo amandla kuqaliswe umsebenzi. Ibubulo elenziwe ngesimbi yokusebenza isikhathi zingandiswa by ngcono lenyama amandla olwandle (isib kwandziswa kwelinani letikhungo imicengezi). Nokho, Ukuqaliswa kwalawa maphrojekthi kuzoholela omningi.

Nge zonke ezicini ezinhle lezi zitshalo amandla kusadingeka kanye nebubi. Okokuqala, kungenziwa kuphela eyakhelwe ogwini izilwandle nezilwandle. Okwesibili, ukusebenza ngezikhathi ezithile. Okwesithathu, ungavumeli ukuthuthukisa amandla aphezulu. Futhi ekugcineni, awayona ngokuphelele imvelo ephephile, njengoba liphazamisane izingxoxo ezivamile amanzi ahlanzekile kanye nosawoti, kanjalo ezithinta nezilwane.

Enye ukonga kakhulu futhi imvelo izitshalo amandla namuhla amandla omoya, noma amandla omoya. Ukuze umsebenzi wakhe kuphela kudingeka umoya. Kakade athuthukile ezahlukeneyo ngamandla ezahlukene, futhi ngenxa yalokho, amanani ahlukene (kusuka $ 900 kuya ku-23 500 USD). Omunye kwanele ukuhlinzeka ugesi ukuze indlu yangasese, omunye zingasetshenziswa yinoma izimboni ezinkulu zamabhizinisi kanye, izitshalo, ukuzilibazisa izikhungo, ephezulu liphumele amahhotela.