Uyini impumuzo? Sinikeza incazelo nomqondo

Ungakwazi yini ukuphendula umbuzo yeka impumuzo? Uma uthi nhlá, lesi akusona inkinga enkulu, futhi umfundi ngamunye ngabe babhekana kanjani nalesi msebenzi. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi kwaba izwi sasivame ukubiza endaweni zonke izinto ezisizungezile: izintaba, amathafa, ayimigodi, amagquma namawa. Nokho, masizame ukunikeza incazelo eqondile futhi okuningiliziwe, esekelwe imigomo yesayensi. Uyini impumuzo? A definition ezivamile

Igama elithi "impumuzo" ngolimi yesimanje Russian babevela French. Nokho, ngokuvumelana zezilimi, izazi, izimpande zakhe Latin lasendulo, lapho isenzo «relevo» kwakusho "ukukhulisa", "khulisa", "umbhoshongo". Namuhla kuba isiqalo nesigcino zonke semfene, kodwa hhayi kuphela leli zwe futhi ezilwandle nakuzo izilwandle. Imifanekiso ziyahlukahluka kakhulu e uhlaka, uhlamvu, imvelaphi, isayizi, yobudala kanye umlando ukuthuthukiswa, kodwa baboke zingahlukaniswa zibe omuhle, okuthiwa futhi convex, futhi omubi noma ngilugweda.

Macrorelief kuyinto izindawo angabacwasi olubanzi umhlaba ezingase zenzeka emashumini noma namakhulu amakhilomitha. Izibonelo Amathafa, emathafeni, imifula kanye nezintaba zokhahlamba.

Ngu microrelief kukhona funnels, izindunduma encane, embankments komgwaqo, hillocks amancane gullies. Kafushane, zonke uhlevane, kokuphakama izinguquko ezingenakho ukundlula amamitha ambalwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izazi ziye zakhomba mesorelief kakhudlwana futhi nanorelief. Uhlobo lokuqala lihlanganisa emigodini, emikhulu, amagquma, izigodi, amathala, amagquma, izindunduma futhi gullies, kwesibili - imisele igeja, Ruts, zitholakala emigwaqweni emuva, kanye amagesi imvukuzane.

Uhlelo oluyisisekelo oluthi izinhlobo zosizo ngokuvamile izintaba namathafa. Kuyinto ngazo futhi Kuzoxoxwa.

Uyini impumuzo? izintaba Ubunjalo impumuzo lokhu hlobo kusho umumo omuhle sezwe, okuyinto sici okwesikhathi ukuphakamisa abukhali isehlane into phezu owendlalekile. Kulokhu, nemithambeka, isizinda kanye phezulu kufanele liphinyiselwe.

Izici yalolu hlobo wokukhululeka uvame selashwe ukubukeka kwabo eziqongweni, futhi, zibuye oluyingungu, kwakhuphuka, ithafa-like nabanye. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngokuvamile kakhulu, kubonakala, bayawazi kithi wesakhiwo umhlaba, efana iziqhingi, eqinisweni, kukhona iziqongo zezintaba kwamanzi.

Uyini impumuzo? emathafeni

Ngaphansi isigaba okukhulunywa kumelwe liqondwe hhayi kuphela izindawo ezweni, kodwa futhi phansi emachibini, ezilwandle nakuzo izilwandle, izimpawu eyehlelayo endaweni okuncane, nge-avareji ka kuze 5 °, kanye ekushintshashintsheni ezincane eziphakeme kuze kube ngu-200 metres.

Ngokwezibalo, emathafeni emhlabeni hlala bakha ingxenye enkulu yabamemezeli endaweni - ingqikithi 64%, bese kubhekwa ehlanzeni ngobukhulu okuqondene uMfula i-Amazon, esehlanganise ezingaphezu kuka-5 million amakhilomitha square ..

Ikhumbula ukuphakama ngokuphelele kulezi landforms kuthiwa ezisezansi, upland, upland, futhi Amathafa.

Uma sikhuluma izinqubo yangaphandle, kungase kuqashelwe ukuthi emathafeni kukhona ezimbili zama: denudation futhi accumulative. Eyokuqala kwakhiwa ngenxa ekubhujisweni rock, kanti isixuku esikhulu - ukuhlanganiswa tinhlobo letehlukene inhlabathi.