Minerals Afrika - yithuluzi kwezomnotho kubalulekile

Afrika akuyona nje ezwekazini, idume uhlobo ehlukile namasiko, lena esivela nezwekazi ngenala kwemithombo yemvelo. Esikhathini indawo bhé iyingxenye enkulu kuleli zwekazi, esihlinzeka izimo elikhulu ekukhuleni kwamahlathi, lo ingxenyenamba mass okuyinto 10% endaweni Imininingwane yehlathi Earth. Izinkuni - umkhiqizo main ukuthunyelwa.

Enye Afrika ubhekwa kuyinqolobane ogwadule eSahara, ekujuleni okuyinto ukufihla izinqolobane enkulu yomthamo wamanzi ahlanzekile. Kuleli zwekazi milambo ngobukhulu le planethi, lapho ongaba negama elithi kwemithombo yezamandla e-Afrika.

Minerals Afrika kukhona abahlinzeki eyinhloko izinsiza amabhizinisi of ayoni futhi yokusansimbi non-ayoni, amakhemikhali amabhizinisi ngoba yonke le mbulunga. Nedra Afrika abacebile phosphorite, chromite, titanium. The main izinqolobane imikhando (i-uranium, ayibe, ithusi, manganese) namaminerali namatshe ayigugu (idayimane, igolide) imbulunga igxile yaleli zwekazi. Minerals eNyakatho Afrika, okuyizinto namaminerali sedimentary, igesi namafutha, anencazelo global. Wik futhi Central Africa zenani magmatic namaminerali - imikhando ngezinto ayoni futhi nonferrous kanye amadayimane.

Mineral ezifakwa kubangelwa kumiswa impumuzo izwekazi. Enyakatho, ezingaphezu kuka emathafeni futhi subsidence, eyayibonakala ezilwandle egcwele, ngakho eseyimvula kwakhiwa amalahle, manganese imikhando. East ne-Afrika engeSewula emelelwa Amathafa futhi abantu abahlala enkangala, lapho ngokomlando kwakhiwa esikhundleni ukunyakaza mpo futhi enezingqimba yesikhulumi, ngakho le ngxenye unothile amadayimane, igolide, i-uranium imikhando.

Leli zwekazi has onjalo wekhasi engacabangeki ukuthi namaminerali Afrika kumephu ungashiyi isikhala, ngokoqobo zonke milimitha isikhala iqukethe amaminerali ethile. Afrika idume ore yayo imali, ukwakheka okuyinto esukela emuva le lokuzalwa Paleozoic. Okwamanje, i-platform echayeke enkabazwe kanye eningizimu yezwekazi, futhi ngenxa yalokho, lezi zindawo baba lokuhlushwa nsimbi. Ngenxa yaleli 'ubunqunu "amapulatifomu lasendulo, labantu iplanethi baba ezifakwa zethusi etholakalayo eNingizimu Afrika, eNingizimu Rhodesia bayatfutfuka chromite, Nigeria is for ithini tungsten Ghana eyaziwa - manganese, futhi Esiqhingini saseMadagascar ungahlinzekela kahle yonke le mbulunga graphite. Noma kunjalo, abantu baseNingizimu bayabonga ezifakwa igolide Paleozoic. Mhlawumbe kwezinye izindawo zase-Afrika nase ngemuva amazwe aseNtshonalanga, kodwa emkhakheni ezimayini zegolide nezwekazi, lapho sibhekene South Africa, eside futhi ngokuqinile isesikhundleni ehamba phambili.

kumiswa eCambria ezisekelweni eliwumhlaba kubhekwa ekuqaleni laying ibhande mednosnogo esakha amaminerali ezifana e-Afrika njengoba ithusi, ithini ayibe, okuhola tungsten waliyisa isikhundla okuholela emhlabeni. On the ukuthuthukiswa kanye ukukhiqizwa izinsiza oshiwo ngenhla Afrika sesibili ngobukhulu. Phakathi nale nkathi, nezwekazi kwakhiwa idiphozithi yanoma uranium insimbi ye-platinum. Ekujuleni kolwandle kumiswa nsimbi, kodwa nge sebethule uLwandle Lukasawoti, le mivubukulo ewusizo Afrika basonta ongaphakeme-grade.

Ngezinye kwalapho kuhlangana khona Paleozoic futhi Mesozoic platform eliwumhlaba izwekazi ihlangabezana zazikujabulela nokuntula ukunyakaza platform eliwumhlaba, ukunika amandla ezifakwa kwakhiwa amalahle, okuyinto baningi ikakhulukazi eNingizimu Afrika, Rhodesia, Congo naseMadagascar.

Sahara kanye Sudanese ethafeni Afrika iyona eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu isakhiwo ekwakhekeni, okuyinto kwavele amaphutha idwala outcrops, ephakamisa futhi delamination of izisekelo lasendulo, imali zenani yensimbi, manganese imikhando namafutha.