Izilwane Udmurtia Red Book: isithombe kanye nencazelo

Ngo somfula emifuleni Kama futhi Klyazma ukusakaza expanses kwabo Udmurtia. On ethafeni elinamagquma, okuyinto ihlukaniswe enhle emfuleni zigodi amahlathi aluhlaza. Ngezinye izikhathi bayaba uphazamisa engapheli esinendawo eluhlaza kanye umhlabathi olimekayo. Imvelo zalezi zindawo unothile nokuphana. Ngeshwa, imisebenti yebantfu kanye izici zemvelo kuholele ukunyamalala esinqunyiwe noma ephelele ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane. Namuhla sikhuluma nezilwane ezihlukahlukene Udmurtia, okuyinto esongelwa ekubhujisweni, uma abantu ungathathi izinyathelo esiphuthumayo abalonde.

IRed Encwadi Udmurtia - izilwane kanye nezitshalo

Kule ncwadi afakiwe on the esengozini yokuqothulwa, kanye ezingavamile izitshalo, izilwane, izinhlanzi, izinambuzane kanye isikhunta Udmurtia. Njengoba yenziwe ngu umsebenzi ezibucayi iqembu lososayensi. Bheka "Izilwane" esanyatheliswa ngaphansi editorship ka N. E. Zubtsovskogo futhi VV Tuganaev wasebenza phezu kwesigaba "Izitshalo".

Ngo-2001, imiqulu emibili, eshicilelwe Red Incwadi yokuqala Udmurtia. Izilwane (izithombe namagama yashicilelwa emakhasini) ezisengcupheni izinhlobo zawo ziye echazwe kulo msebenzi. ivolumu ngamunye wakhishwa inani amakhophi 1,500. Le ncwadi yenzelwe izilaleli ebanzi.

Ngo-2007 wakhipha umqulu uhlelo lwesibili, ezazihlanganisa izinguquko yandiswe. Ngo umqulu wokuqala, equkethe uhlu izitshalo ezingavamile futhi ezisengcupheni nesikhunta Republic, 145 zezitshalo semithambo afakwe, bryophytes 18, 25 ulele, ulwelwe 9 futhi 22 ukhunta.

Umqulu wesibili echazwe njengekati elisengozini nezilwane ezingavamile Udmurtia. Kuhlanganisa 139 zilwane. Phakathi kwabo, 69 ezingenamgogodla futhi ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla ezinamehlo 70.

Izilwane Red Encwadi Isi-Udmurt is hhayi nje kuchazwe ngolimi lwesayensi ezomile. Uhlobo ngalunye lihlotshiswe imifanekiso ethakazelisayo yamazwi amahle, lapha okubonisa isigaba rarity, endaweni imingcele, kunikeza ulwazi mayelana nobungako kanye izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze kuvikeleke zezinyoni ezingavamile ezitshalweni nasezilwaneni.

isimo isigaba rarity

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ososayensi Isi-Udmurt babelwe isimo rarity ezihlukahlukene, kufanele ufunde indaba elandelayo.

0 - Leli qembu lihlanganisa izinto eziphilayo ukuthi ahlezi endaweni Udmurtia. Ukuba khona kwabo e imvelo awunasilinganiso iminyaka engaphezu amahlanu.

Mina - iqembu izilwane noma izitshalo, ezisengozini yokushabalala. Kunengozi yangempela nokuqothulwa ngokuphelele.

II - leli qembu kuhlanganisa izinhlobo ngokushesha zincipha. Ngaphansi kwethonya izici ezihlukahlukene okungekuhle bangase kwenzeke isigaba mina.

III - zezinyoni ezingavamile. Ziyakwazi abambalwa kakhulu ngesibalo, kuze kube manje kukhona kuphela insimu yako ilinganiselwe kakhulu ye-republic noma babeyivakashela ngankathi kulo Udmurtia.

IV - isimo engaqinisekile. Lesitshalo kuleli qembu liphethwe esisodwa sezigaba kushiwo ngaphambili, kodwa ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa mayelana nesimo sabo e imvelo ziyashoda noma abazi ngokugcwele labo lokuhlangabezana nenqubo yalokho la maqembu.

V - Itholiwe nezinhlobo uyalulama. ukusatshalaliswa yabo nokuchichima bedle izimbangela ezithile noma ngemva ukwamukelwa of izinyathelo zokuzivikela waqala asondele isimo ukuthi akudingi izinyathelo esiphuthumayo ukubuyisela nokulondoloza.

zinhlobo Ukuphumelela

Izilwane Red Encwadi Isi-Udmurt (isithombe ungabona kulesi sihloko) iwuhlelo olusha oluthathwa kancane ehlukile. Lokhu kwenzeke ngemuva revaluation isimo sabo rarity. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ngaphambili esigabeni IV (isimo akachaziwe) babe 37 zezilwane e umagazini omusha we eziyishumi kuphela. I Kungashiwo okufanayo mayelana 23 zezitshalo, nge isimo engaqinisekile. Namuhla, inani labo kwehle 16 zilwane. Umhlonyane, Tarragon, birch, into encane, kanye nezinye izitshalo, kuqala kumi II no III izigaba, ngathuthela isigaba. Manje lezi zinhlobo adinga isivikelo esikhethekile.

Izilwane Udmurtia Red Incwadi

Emahlathini Boreal weRiphabhulikhi kutholakala impela eningi ezincelisayo, izinyoni nezinambuzane. Ezinye zazo - izilwane Red Encwadi Udmurtia. Isithombe kanye nencazelo abanye babo, thina uxove ngezansi.

desman Russian

Isilwane kungokwalabo oda izinambuzane, ozala imvukuzane. Afakwe isigaba mina. Ngo Udmurtia, ke ingatholakala Kiyasovsky yesiFunda Yazhbahtinka emfuleni, Kyrykmas futhi Izh River endaweni efanayo, endaweni ku Iarskaia Lekma emfuleni.

bat whiskered

Isilwane kungokwalabo Vespertilionidae umndeni, lamabutho Bat. It has isimo isigaba IV. Isenzakalo kuphela lolu hlobo lathunjwa Izhevsk.

Wolverine

Izilwane Red Encwadi Isi-Udmurt ngokuvamile basonta zezinyoni ezingavamile kwezinye izifunda. Wolverine - nomzingeli omkhaya uchakide. Kwathiwa akenze isimo isigaba mina. Lolu hlobo yokuqothulwa kuleli zwe. Kukhona abantu Glazov, Yar, futhi Kezskom Balezinsky District.

I-European mink

Enye nomzingeli musteline. It has isimo mina isigaba. Ngo Udmurtia elalihlangana Kambarka, Karakulinskom, Sarapulsky District, phezu Kama River, futhi Malopurginskiy Kiyasovsky District.

Lesnaya Sonya

Igundane umndeni ka Soneva (IV isigaba). Ngo Udmurtia kubonakala Syumsinskom, Kizner, Sarapul futhi Vavozhsky District.

izinyoni

Arctic Loon Gagaroobraznyh kungokwalabo oda, umndeni Gagarovyh (0 isigaba). Ezingasekho e Udmurtia ukubukeka. Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-XX leminyaka, lapho i-loon wavakashela njalo phezu bay, kaningi ahlangana nabo River Kama. Eminyakeni 90 liye kabili kuphela ofakwe le Votkinsk kwesigubhu ngesikhathi entwasahlobo ukufuduka.

grebe eared

Umkhaya Grebe, Pogankoobraznye lamabutho (III isigaba). Lolu hlobo imelelwa labantu encane kakhulu, okuyinto evamile babeyivakashela ngankathi. Izwe kwalesi silwane zingatholakala ku ibhange kwesokunxele Kama amachibi (Karakulinsky District).

grebe obomvu-lukhuni

Umkhaya Grebe, Pogankoobraznye lamabutho (IV isigaba). Isimo akachaziwe. Ngo Udmurtia, salotshwa eduze Vavozh emzaneni.

Black nonogolantethe

Umkhaya Aistova, Ciconiiformes lamabutho (isigaba mina). Njengoba isibalo zilwane e Udmurtia kumbulwa kwembeswa. Kuphawulwe Vavozh futhi Uvinskaya izindawo ku sifinyelela Maphakathi nomfula Siwa, e kwimfunda lomfula Lekma (yarsky wesifunda).

Goose Red breast

Anatidae umndeni, Anseriformes lamabutho (IV isigaba). I ukubukwa izwe bhalisiwe eMfuleni Kama, ewathatha emlonyeni womlambo White River Iz, budebuduze Pugachevo esiteshini.

nengqungqulu

umndeni Scopine, Falconiformes lamabutho (isigaba mina). Eqoshiwe amaqiniso lokushutheka Karakulinskom futhi Kambarsky District Eighties ekuseni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoni wahlangana ezigodini we Kama futhi Vyatka, Izhi futhi Siwa, Kyrykmasa futhi Kilmez.

golden eagle

Izilwane Udmurtia Red Book (futhi izinyoni) ivezwa kwezinye izifunda zezwe lethu kahle impela. Ngokwesibonelo, Golden Eagle. Ngo Udmurtia, yena yanikezelwa esigabeni mina. It kwaphawuleka eduze emzaneni Malyagurt (Igra wesifunda), e Karakulinsky District, e kwimfunda we Kama.

ezinwabuzelayo

Izilwane Red Encwadi Isi-Udmurt (izithombe esiyifaka lesi sihloko) kabanzi amelwe ngaphezulu ezifundazweni eziseningizimu ye-Russia. Common lamabutho copperhead ka Scale (colubridae umndeni) libhekisela esigabeni III (ifomu ezingavamile). Lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo ube usayizi encane kakhulu, futhi basakaza kuphela ezindaweni ezithile Udmurtia. Ngokusemthethweni bhalisiwe lolu hlobo Syumsinsky District kuphela, budebuduze edolobhaneni Kilmez.

izinambuzane

East Galeus kungokwalabo oda Orthoptera, umndeni intethe. Lokhu kungolunye uhlobo ezingavamile soHlelo III isigaba, ngoba inabantu abancane futhi basakaza endaweni yako ilinganiselwe kakhulu yezwe. Senzeka Sarapul, Zavyalovsky, Karakulinskom futhi Alnashsky District.

odorous Krasotel

Lesi sinambuzane ye-oda Zhestokrylyh (umndeni Amabhungane). Kungatholakala kubhalwe eduze Sarapul. Libhekisela esigabeni IV, njengoba okwamanje ayikho idatha okunokwethenjelwa mayelana uhlobo isimo izimo engokwemvelo Udmurtia.

rabbitfishes Black

Lolu hlobo okuqondene oda Coleoptera (umndeni Plastinchatousye) Udmurtia Kizner eqoshiwe endaweni. Uhlala e-oki, lapho abadala bahlangana ngo imibala isambulela. Izibungu ukuthuthukisa ehlathini lakwa-oki, Alder futhi willow. mabhungane Adult ziyaphuma Juni.

chafer ngabazeka

Kusukela oda ibhungane Zhestokrylyh (lamellicorn umndeni). Leseluhleni ekhatsi isigaba II. Ngo Udmurtia ezitholakala Votkinsk, Sarapul Kizner kanye nezifunda. Ethanda emahlathini lezihlahla ubudala (ngokuvamile kwesihlahla se-okhi noma i-oak nge admixture). I abadala zidla isihlahla ubisi ogeleza usuka imifantu ku amagxolo Izimbali zezitshalo.

izimvemvane

Ordinary Apollo - butterfly, omunye a badayisa isikebhe umndeni. Ngo Udmurtia kubonakala Syumsinskom, Yakshur-Bodyinsky, Krasnogorsk, Kambarsky District.

Izilwane Red Encwadi Isi-Udmurt ukwenza uhlu umxhwele kakhulu kunaleso sethule ukuba uyinake. Baningi zinhlobo irhelebho nokuvikelwa kwamalungelo. Yingakho ngo Udmurtia umsebenzi ehlelekile ku izilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa futhi ezingavamile.