Usizo lokuqala lokushisa: ukushisa okushisayo kanye namakhemikhali, imithetho eyisisekelo yokuziphatha

Ukushisa kungenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokulimala: eRussia, ngonyaka owodwa kuphela, kubhaliwe ukushisa kuka-600 000. Igalelo elikhethekile kulezi zibalo lenziwa ngama-bonfires ehlobo kanye noMlilo omusha wonyaka omusha, amakhemikhali akhohliwe etafuleni kanye nemishini yamandla kagesi. Eminyangweni evuthayo ilele iziguli, phakathi kwazo okuhlale zidakiwe ezalala ngogwayi ovuthayo, nomntwana omncane, owadonsa ibhodlela lamanzi abilayo esitofu. Ngokwenani lokufa, izilonda ngokushisa ziyisibili kuphela ukulimala imoto. Ukushisa kuyingozi kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile nabancane.

Ukushisa kukhona imisebe, ugesi, amakhemikhali nokushisa. Okuvame kakhulu ukushisa okushisayo - imfucuza, ilangabi, uketshezi olushisayo. Izingane ezineminyaka yobudala ezineminyaka engama-5 zingase zihlangabezane nokushisa okushisayo ngamanzi abilayo, zi-80% zazo zonke izinhlobo ezikhona.
Kumele kuqondwe ukuthi usizo lokuqala lokushisa umusi (ukushisa) kanye nokusiza lokuqala kokushisa nge-asidi (amakhemikhali) kuzohluka kakhulu. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo zokushisa? Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, kufanele usizo lokuqala lunikezwe kanjani ngokushisa kwezinhlobonhlobo? Ake sizame ukuqonda le nkinga.

Usizo lokuqala lokushisa okushisayo

Ukuhlinzeka usizo lokuqala okokushisa okushisayo, ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, vimbela imiphumela yalokho okulimazayo. Uma ukhuluma ngokushisa ngamanzi ashisayo, udinga ukususa masinyane (ukusika) izingubo ezifakwe emanzini abilayo. Uma umuntu ehlushwa ilangabi, kufanele kube ngokushesha ukucisha izingubo ezivuthayo ngamanzi, bese uyisusa. Ngaphezu kwamanzi, isobho singenziwa nganoma iyiphi indlela engalungile - umhlaba, isanti, indwangu eboshiwe.
Ukuhlanganiswa nezembatho zenyama akufanele kususwe, ngoba kunengozi yomonakalo owengeziwe emlilweni oshisiwe.

Uma isisulu sishisa izandla, kufanele ngaso leso sikhathi sizame ukususa amasongo, amawashi kanye namasongo, ngoba ngesikhathi esizayo i-edema yendawo yonke ethintekile izokhula ngokushesha, futhi lezi zinto zizofakela izicubu, ezingabangela ukuphazamiseka kwegazi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ngisho nokuthuthukiswa kwe-necrosis kungenzeka.

Okulandelayo, kufanele upholile izindawo ezithintekile - ukucwiliswa emanzini apholile, ukushaya umoya obandayo, usebenzisa i-ice. Khona-ke kufanele unikeze isisulu isidakamizwa sokuzibulala - solpenni, nayz, analgin, njll. Uma ukushiswa kwakungenalutho, khona-ke ukwelashwa kulesi sigaba kungase kubhekwe njengokuphelele.

Uma kwenzeka ukuthi ukushisa kujulile, ungenzi noma yikuphi ukuhlukumezeka nesisulu - hlanza amanxeba avela ngotshani kanye nezikhwama zokugqoka, vula amabhulashi. Konke okudingekayo ukubopha umbobo owomile kanye nokwelapha ngokushesha.

Usizo lokuqala lokushisa kwamakhemikhali

Futhi, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuthi umise imiphumela yalokho okulimazayo, okungukuthi: susa (uma kunesidingo, unqunywe) obanjwe izingubo ezicasulayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, izindawo ezithintekile kufanele zihlanzwe ngamanzi asebenzayo. Ukugeza ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha isikhathi eside, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube amahora amaningana. I-sulfuric acid igxile futhi i- quicklime iqala ngokugcwele futhi, uma kungenzeka, isuswe ngokuqinile, ngoba ukuxhumana kwalezi zinto ngamanzi kuholela esizukulwaneni sokushisa okwengeziwe, okungaholela ekulimaleni okukhulu nakakhulu.

Abanye odokotela abahlinzayo bacabanga ukuthi ngokushisa ngama-alkali ne-asidi, ama-neutralizing agents kufanele asetshenziswe, okungukuthi, nge-acid ukushisa - isisombululo esibuthakathaka setafula usawoti noma isobho, ngokushiswa kwama-alkali-isisombululo se-acetic noma i-citric acid. Kodwa kukhona nemibono yokuthi lokhu akufanele kwenziwe, ngoba ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe- neutralization , ukushisa kungaqala ukukhishwa.
Ukusizwa kokuqala kokushiswa komlomo we-mucosa kanye nesifo somlomo kuncishiswe ukuba kuphuthume ukwelashwa esikhungweni sezokwelapha. Kuphela kwezinye izimo, uma kungenakwenzeka ukufika kudokotela esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, kufanele unike isiphuzo kumuntu ohlukunyeziwe i-egg egg eluhlaza noma ubisi oluncane - lezi zinto ziyogubungela igobolondo le-mucosa elimele futhi "libophe" i-alkali noma i-asidi.