Indawo nesakhiwo se-ovary

Njalo intombazane nowesifazane besidinga ukwazi ukuthi umzimba wakhe usebenza kanjani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unamandla nje omlingo, okungukuthi, ikhono lokuzala umuntu ekukhanyeni.

Siphakamisa kulo msebenzi ukucabangela isakhiwo se-ovari, isisu, nemisebenzi yabo. Futhi sizoxoxa ngezinye zezinkinga ukuthi ubulili obuhle bungabhekana nazo. Okokuqala, ama-ovari ayinhlanganisela yezinhlayiya zomgomo wezocansi. Yenza ama-ovarie imisebenzi emibili eyinhloko: okukhiqizayo kanye ne-endocrine. Sizokukhuluma ngalokhu ngemuva kwesikhashana. Siphakamisa ukuqala ngesakhiwo se-gland data gland.

Ukwakhiwa kwama-ovari

Njengoba sesishilo kakade, ama-ovari ayinhlangano ehlanganyelwe, emele izitho zobulili zomzimba wesifazane. Yilapho amaqanda akha futhi avuthiwe. Ngaphambi kokuba sicabange ngesakhiwo se-ovary, sizobona ukuthi itholakala kanjani ngokuphathelene nezinye izitho zesifazane. Ama-ovarie akhona ezinhlangothini zombili zesisu. Ngamunye wabo ukhona eduze nodonga oluhlangothini lwe-pelvis encane.

Babenemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ubuso buyi-tuberous, ama-ovarie ngokwawo anama-oval futhi ahlelwe kancane. Isakhiwo se-ovary ngumbuzo onzima kakhulu. Nika izindawo zabo:

• Okuphakathi;
• I-Lateral.

Emaphethelweni:

• I-Mesenteric;
• Mahhala

Iziphetho ezimbili:

• I-Tubular;
• Uterine.

Manje kancane mayelana nemingcele. Enye intombazane ekhulile, ama-ovari angakwazi ukufinyelela ezilinganisweni ezilandelayo, okuyiqiniso, udinga ukucabangela ubudala nobuciko ngabanye:

I-ovary ngayinye inesembozo ngesimo sekhanda elimhlophe, negalelo le-ventral lixhunywe kuphela nge-fusion ye-peritoneum ne-marentine yama-mesenteric. Ngezansi kwegobolondo libuye libe yindawo yokugqoka, eyinamandla kakhulu kuneyokuqala, ibuye ibe nezicubu ezigulisayo. Phakathi nendawo yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-brain substance, ehlukaniswa nokutholakala kwemikhumbi eminingi kanye nokungahambisani kwayo, okudingekayo njengezicubu ezihlangene.

Qaphela nokuthi i-cortical substance iqukethe ama-follicles, ahlukaniswe abe yizilwane:

• Okuyinhloko;
• I-Vesicular.

Owokuqala ohlwini lwethu ayi-follicle engavuthiwe, lezi zinsuku sezivuthiwe ngokugcwele futhi ziqukethe uketshezi lwe-follicular. Kuzo ukuthi amangqamuzana omzimba oyinhloko - amangqamuzana eqanda akhiwa. I-follicle evuthiwe kanye neqanda zihileleke kwinqubo yokuvuthwa. I-bursts yokuqala, iqanda ngosizo lwe-fimbria liya emgodini we-uterine nge-tube fallopian. Ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi i-follicle iqala ukuqothula, futhi ayiqedile ukuvuthwa kwayo.

Ukwakhiwa kwesibeletho

Cabanga ngombuzo olandelayo - isakhiwo sesibeletho nama-ovari. Le mizimba emibili ihlobene ngokuqondile. Umsebenzi wabo ohlangene ovumela ukukhiqizwa kwenzalo nokuqhubeka komphakathi wesintu. Isibeletho sinomqondo we-pear, isisindo saso sivamile - kusuka ku-40 kuya ku-60 amagremu. Isakhiwo saso sihlukaniswa ngu:

• Umzimba;
• Umkhuni;
• Isthmus.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isibeletho yisitho esingenalutho, okungukuthi, kukhona isikhala samahhala ngaphakathi. Izindonga zalo zihlangene, yingakho lesi sakhiwo sibonakala njengegebe.

Khetha izendonga zodonga:

• I-Endometrium, noma i-mucosa, ingqimba yangaphakathi;
• I-Myometrium, noma imisipha, iyisendlalelo esingaphakathi nodonga lwe-uterine;
• I-membrane e-Serous ne-peritoneum yiyona yokugcina, ingqimba yangaphandle yesisu.

Isendlalelo ngasinye sithola noma yiluphi ushintsho kwinqubo yokuphila kowesifazane. I-endometrium ingaba yizigidi zamamitha ayizinkulungwane (konke kuxhomeke esigabeni somjikelezo). Izinguquko ku-myometrium azikho kuze kube yilapho ibermennosti nokubeletha, ubukhulu bayo buhluka kusuka kumamithamitha amathathu kuya kweziyishumi. Ingqimba yokugcina ihlanganisa zonke izitho zesifazane.

Ake sichaze kafushane imisebenzi nemigomo esemqoka yalo mzimba:

• Ukuvikeleka ezifweni;
• Ukuzihlanza;
• Ukuthutha kwe-spermatozoa;
• Ukutshalaliswa;
• Ukudala izimo ze-embryo;
• Ukuxoshwa komntwana (ngesikhathi sokubeletha);
• Ukuqiniswa kwesiteji se-pelvic.

Imisebenzi yama-ovari

Sihlolisise izitho ezinjalo zobulili njengesibeletho nama-ovari, isakhiwo sabo. Futhi umsebenzi wama-ovari uyumbuzo wethu olandelayo. Ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, sitshele ukuthi ama-ovari enza imisebenzi emibili esemqoka:

• Okukhiqizayo;
• I-Endocrine.

Umsebenzi wokuqala ukubunjwa kwamaseli ocansi. Sinikeza isibuyekezo esifushane senqubo ye-oogenesis. Ihluke kunqubo ye-spermatogenesis, kunezigaba ezintathu kulo:

• Ukukhiqiza;
• Ukukhula;
• Ukuvuthwa.

Esikhathini sesigaba sokuqala, kwenzeka ukukhiqizwa kwama-oogononi, okwenzeka ezimweni eziningi ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine. Le nqubo iyanqamuka uma iseli lingena nge-meiosis. Ngalesi sigaba, intuthuko iyayeka ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Isigaba sokukhula sesivele sesivela esibelethweni esivuthiwe, okuyimisebenzi. Isigaba sokugcina siqala ukuthi ama-oocytes e-oda wesibili akhiwa, futhi le nqubo iphela ngenxa ye-ovulation.

Umehluko omkhulu kusuka ku-spermatogenesis ukungabi nesiteji sokwakheka.

Siphinde sisho enye imisebenzi yama-ovari - i-endocrine. Ama-granuloses, okusebenza kwawo okulawulwa ngokwezinga elikhulu nge-lutropin, ukukhiqiza ama-hormone:

• I-Estradiol, eyakhiwe kusukela ngaphambili kwe-testosterone;
• Estrone, kusiza ukwakheka kwe-estriol esibindi nase-placenta;
• I-progesterone, evele idingekile ukuba i-ovulation.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-ovari

Sihlolisise isakhiwo sowesifazane ovunguzayo, manje sinikeza inkulumo emfushane kakhulu mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwayo.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukwakheka komzimba kuqala ekuthuthukiseni i-intrauterine. Ngenyanga yesihlanu, amantombazane asezikhukhumezi zobulili ezitholakale zinezici ezinama-follicles. Ngemuva kwalokho bahlaselwa yi-atrophy. Ama-ovari egcwele ngamantombazane eneminyaka emibili.

Ukukhulelwa

Sibheke umbuzo wesakhiwo sama-ovaries, amashubhu, i-ovum. Kodwa kwenzekani emzimbeni wesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa? Ama-ovari anesici esinqunyiwe, okungukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni adingekayo. Kubuye kube umkhumbi wamaqanda okukhula. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kweqanda kwelinye lama-ovaries amabili, amafomu omzimba ophuzi. Kuyadingeka ukukhiqizwa kwe progesterone. Umzimba ophuzi usiza ukwakha ngokugcwele i-placenta, ngeviki leshumi nambili liqala ukufa, ngoba umsebenzi walo oyinhloko wenza.

Futhi, kufanele wazi ukuthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ama-ovaries omama ahamba "ekubambeni", ngakho-ke akukho enye i-ovulation.

Ukukhathala

Sesivele sibheke isakhiwo sangaphakathi se-ovary, kepha asizange sithi ukususwa kwabo kwenzeka. Kuyini? Lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuthi i- SII (i-ovarian depletion syndrome). ISI iqukethe izimpawu eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi:

• Amenorrhea;
• Ukuphazanyiswa esimisweni semifino yemvelo;
• Ukungabi nalutho kuze kube yilapho owesifazane efinyelela eminyakeni engu-40 ubudala.

Lokhu kuxilongwa kungenziwa odokotela ngokuhlinzekwa ukuthi lona wesifazane akakaze ahlangabezane nobunzima bokusebenza esikhathini sokuya esikhathini nokuzala. Naphezu kwezinkinga ezinzima kangaka, lesi sifo sinamandla kakhulu ekwelapheni.

Multifollicularity

Isakhiwo se-multifollicular ama-ovaries cishe asifani nesakhiwo sempilo, umehluko kuphela ukuthi izintambo eziyisishiyagalombili noma ngaphezulu zikhona ngesikhathi esisodwa. I-Norm - kusuka ku-4 ukuya ku-7, ukuvuthwa okugcwele kwabo kufinyelela kuphela, okungajwayelekile ukuthi kabili. I-multifollicularity ingatholakala ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound (i-ultrasound), kuyilapho isithombe sinjengalokhu: emaqanda ama-ovari kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweziyisikhombisa ezisezingeni lokuvuthwa.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kunzima ukukhomba ukuxilongwa okunembile ngosizo lwe-ultrasound, ngoba i-multifallikuljarnost ingafana kakhulu ne-polycystosis. Uma bebona usongo, banika ukubonisana nomzimba wezifo zokwelapha kanye nokuhlaziywa ukuze kunqume imvelaphi ye-hormonal.

Susa

Kwezinye izimo, ama-ovari angasuswa. Cabangela kafushane izinketho lapho zisuswe:

• I-tumor yebele ye-hormone;
• I-Cyst;
• I-Cancer;
• Izitho zomzimba ezithintekayo.

Ama-ovari, isakhiwo esizihlolisisile ngaso sonke isikhathi, sisuswa kanye nama-tubes falsipian. Emva kokukhipha ama-ovari amabili, awukwazi ukukhuluma ngethuba lokukhulelwa. Okokuqala, inqubo yokugcoba iyeka futhi umjikelezo wesimiso uyeke. Ngaphezu kwalokho emzimbeni kukhona ukuntuleka kwama-estrogen, ngenxa yalokho i-uterine mucosa atrophies.

Sihlolisise isakhiwo se-ovary, sibhale ezinye izifo. Khumbula ukuthi impilo yabesifazane ibaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela, ngoba ithinta ikhono lokuba nezingane.