Danilov Monastery eMoscow. Danilov Monastery Stauropegial

Danilov Monastery eMoscow kubhekwa omunye izindlu endala, ise UMfula iMoscow. Kuyinto isibonelo eyingqayizivele izakhiwo ezinkulu Russian. I eyinkimbinkimbi izakhiwo sezindela kuhlanganisa amathempeli amaningana, ekamu wesigodlo sika, umzimba anobuhlobo, lokuhlala ngamadoda kanye kwakhiwe DECR.

Namuhla Isigodlo kokubili isikhungo engokomoya kanye nezokuphatha neRussia yama-Orthodox - unesikhundla farmsteads ezimbalwa, esemgwaqweni Ryazan, eMoscow nesifunda eMoscow.

Umlando Danilovsky Monastery

Ngo 1282, ngokuvumelana Order of St Prince Daniel eMoscow, thembekile yasungulwa wesilisa Danilov Monastery. Kodwa Isigodlo sekuneminyaka nenkathi emfushane - ngokusho legend, eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, wayiswa ku-Kremlin futhi uqambe kabusha Isigodlo uMsindisi. Kunenye nguqulo: oNgcwele Prince Daniel sokufa baba indela wangcwatshwa esigodlweni sakhe e 1303.

Ngokwe-degree incwadi njengoba imithombo bomlando nokulotshwa kwalo, ekhulwini xv esizeni esontweni sezindela lanikezelwa behlonipha Daniel Stylites - usanta Engcwele Prince uDaniyeli eMoscow. ukuphila Izigodlo ibuyise kule ndawo kuphela uma Ivan le Kubi, e 1560. Kukhona kucatshangwa ukuthi Danilov Monastery eMoscow esakhiwe esizeni i yamathuna elidala.

Ngo 1561 esontweni itshe sezindela lanikezelwa yokudumisa Obaba oyingcwele Seven WamaSonto imiKhandlu.

Danilov Monastery eMoscow kwavele ezicekeleké e 1610, ezihlobene bayahlukunyezwa, ihlelwe Amanga Dmitry II. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVII Isigodlo Yakhiwa azungeze udonga lwamatshe nge imibhoshongo. Kunobufakazi bokuthi e 1710 bazalwane Izigodlo olunezinombolo 30 izindela.

Danilov Monastery eMoscow phakathi nenkathi yamaSoviet

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ngo-1918 yesigodlo empeleni ivaliwe, ukuphila Izigodlo kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngo-1930. Ngo-20-yalolucwaningo ezindongeni lezindela eSt wahlala ababhishobhi abaningi aqokwe uTikhon eMoscow, kodwa wavuma ukuthi ekuphathweni Diocesan ngenxa ukuvimbela neziphathimandla.

Ngo-1929, waba isinqumo olusemthethweni ukuvala sezindela nangaphakathi kwezindonga zayo kwaba ifakwe NKVD avelelwe isikhungo. Kungakabiphi wayeseqhuba okwalapha adiliza umbhoshongo, kodwa ngenhlanhla, izinsimbi ebakhipha encibilika phansi (ngenxa yemizamo Charlza Kreyna, i ohlakaniphile American futhi usozimboni). Kuze 2007, base ezindongeni -Harvard University, okwathi ngemva kwalokho baphinde babuyela ezweni lakubo. Ngasekupheleni abode ongcwele yesandla Izigodlo, ayegcinwa wezincwadi, bayiswa zomlando eMoscow (okwamanje zingabantu isikhathi RGADA).

Kusukela ngo-1930, esigodlweni sezindela behlaliswe yisivikelo izingane iziboshwa zezombusazwe kanye becindezela. iziphathimandla zaseSoviet wayeyale wonke izingane lisale abazali ngenxa yokucindezelwa, ukuletha izingane zabo zibe owamukelayo. Imibandela lapho uhlala izintandane, babe akunabuntu: ngenxa yokuntuleka umsoco ofanele kanye nokunakekela eziningi wagula, wafa, bangcwatshwa lapha - e bangaphambili sezindela emathuneni.

Ngemva kuka-1930, izinsalela St. Daniel eMoscow, sashintshelwa ezindongeni Isigodlo, kulo ibandla labaseTheselonika Vuko. Bekanye sokuvalwa ethempelini ngo-1929 ubalekela ukwaziswa kwamuva mayelana ukunyakaza ngokwengeziwe izinsalela njengokufanele abangcwele, namanje ayikaziwa siwathole.

Ukuvuselelwa abode ongcwele

Ngo-1983, iSoviet uhulumeni isimemezelo kwanqunywa ukuba ubuyisele Danilov Monastery unala isonto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uye wavumela ukuqala Ukwakhiwa kwezikhungo ezintsha kwakudingeka ngaphakathi kuphela.

Ngemva kokubuyela e-itheku lakhe lokuzalwa sezindela isonto waba umbusi wokuqala Archimandrite yakhe Eulogy (Smirnov). Abode waqala ukuvuseleleka kancane kancane abuyiselwe izimali zivela kokubili ezifundeni eMoscow, futhi kuzo zonke dioceses we Sabefundisi.

A umsebenzi okhethekile obangela ukulungiswa nokubuyiselwa sezindela, lahlelwa sanikwa emhlanganweni isiGungu Esingcwele seSonto. nomsebenzi wokuvuselela umhlaba ngemva babenezinkinga ngu wezakhiwo I. I. Makovetsky.

yokukhulekela Izigodlo waqala futhi owazenza yokuHlawula 1984. Ngo-1985 yena senziwa yokwahlukaniselwa lokuqala altare aphansi Pokrovsky ethempelini. Ngawo lowo nyaka elibuyiselwe umzimba omusha anobuhlobo wathutha DECR.

Ngesikhathi egubha umkhosi weminyaka engu 1000th we Ukubhapathizwa Russia ezindongeni sezindela benziwa imikhosi onesizotha. Sunday of All Saints lugujwe a izimfundiso zemikhosi, concelebrated eminingana Lezinzalamizi (ekukhulekeleni ukuwo Antiyokiya, eJerusalema eMoscow, isiGeorgia, isiRomania, izinzalamizi Bulgarian futhi ababhishobhi abaningi).

Ngo-March 2007, isivumelwano senziwa ukubuya ukuze Ensemble eMoscow Danilov Bells Belfry ngenxa ukukhuthala usomabhizinisi Viktor Vekselberg, ngubani ayenakekela zonke izindleko yephrojekthi.

Amathempeli Danilov Monastery

Isakhiwo yesimanje zezakhiwo esisogwini Insimu Isigodlo, wathatha ijamo ngesikhathi XVIII-XIX eminyaka. Ekupheleni kwekhulu XX yayakhiwe izakhiwo ezidingekayo ukuze ukusebenza DECR.

indawo ekhethekile ithatha Danilov Monastery e Moscow, phakathi kwezinye ezikhangayo. Izithombe amasonto, amasonto kanye nezakhiwo yezakhiwo sezindela kukhona obucacile mayelana ubuhle kule ndawo.

Ithempeli Fathers of the Seven WamaSonto Imikhandlu

Ngo-1730, itshe isonto endala Obaba oNgcwele Councils WamaSonto yadabuka, futhi ngokushesha kabusha eyakhelwe nemengamo yeSonto endala intercession, elaba aphansi phasi we lombhishobhi entsha. Kuthathwa isikhungo, phakathi kwezinye izakhiwo lokhu eziyinkimbinkimbi lathumela, njengoba Danilov Monastery. Pokrovsky ethempelini, mhlawumbe eyakhelwe 70s kwekhulu XVII, liwukuphela kwesakhiwo endala lathumela, walondoloza kuze kube yilolu suku. Kukhona ifakwe indlwana behlonipha St. kaDaniyeli.

Ngo 1806, amasonto amabili abangu ngayingcwelisa esontweni engenhla. Esikhathini uqimba wesithathu lombhishobhi kusukela ngekhulu XVIII kuyinto iSonto St Daniila Stolpnika, ngubani umvikeli futhi usanta we sezindela.

isonto Gate

Ngaphezu kwalezi amathempeli ku eziyinkimbinkimbi sezindela yezakhiwo kuhlanganisa Gate Church, anikezelwe St. uMfundisi bakaSimon, elakhiwa ngo-1731.

zintathu Cathedral

Eminyakeni 1833-1838 by umakhi Yakhiwa O. I. Bove zintathu Cathedral, ahlotshiswe isitayela classicism Russian. Lesi sakhiwo has simise cubic, olungaphambili lwesonto ehlotshisiwe yayo kuvulandi Tuscan. Leli thempeli has Izindlwana ezimbili anikezelwe umkhosi Conception St. Anna St Alexis, umuntu kaNkulunkulu. Umqhele sesonto lobu-Orthodox owawuse-September 13, 1838, kwenza eMoscow Metropolitan Filaret.

Chapel yesimanje

Yokudumisa ukugubha iminyaka engu-1000th we Ukubhapathizwa Rus ezakhiwa isikhumbuzo Nadkladeznaya yesonto, ezakhiwa umakhi Yu. G. Alonova. izakhiwo Modern ezihlangene kahle ukwakheka yezakhiwo izakhiwo Izigodlo.

yamathuna Danilovsky

Ekhulwini XIX emathuneni sezindela kwaba endaweni yokungcwaba abavelele Russian izibalo. Kukhona kucatshangwa ukuthi lesi esokuqala eMoscow sezindela yamathuna. Ngokusho ucwaningo bemivubukulo, kungashiwo wagomela ukuthi ulahla ngalesi indawo enziwa ngaphambi ukubuyiselwa Isigodlo John IV, ekhulwini xv. Gravestones xv-XVI eminyaka nge imibhalo German nesiLatini wathola ngesikhathi kumbiwa ngo 1869-1870, ngokulandelana, okubonisa ukuthi nemingcwabo lapha noma bamazwe noma kukuyskih amaJalimane zendawo angaphandle.

Ngemva kwekhulu le-XVII emathuneni sezindela bangcwatshwa izindela pochivshie futhi wesigodlo we Isigodlo, phakathi kwabo kwakukhona abaholi sesonto esivelele. Lapha sisuke engcwaba nezikhulu ezinezikhundla eziphezulu kanye nabamele abashisekeli kwamadoda asebukhosini, ukhomba ngophakathi, ubuciko. Kodwa inkazimulo yangempela Danilovsky emathuneni kwamathuna ayithelanga lezo zibalo owaziwa njengo N. V Gogol, A. S. Homyakova, Yu. F. Samarina, Prince VA Cherkassky, AI Koshelev, Yu. I. Venelin nezinye .

Ngo-1931 yamathuna sezindela wabhujiswa, izinsalela N. V Gogolya, D. A. Valueva owakwakhe Khomyakov noN M. Yazykova bayiswa Novodevichy emathuneni dolobha.

yokuhlala wezinzalamizi - ngemva kokubuya iSt Daniel Monastery kwisichasiso ibandla esitheni isakhiwo sokuhlala esisha lwakhiwe kwisayithi ye yamathuna.

Owesilisa Choir ka Wezindela i-St SikaDaniyeli

Ngo-1994, amadoda gala ekhonsathini choir we Danilov Monastery yasungulwa. It yakhiwa abaculi professional kakhulu, abahlabeleli - abathweswe iziqu afanelekayo ephakeme ezikhungweni zomculo choral imfundo yenhloko-dolobha. umqondisi bokubeka Kumholi wokuhlabelela futhi choir - Georgy Safonov.

On amaSonto kanye namaholide omphakathi Danilov Monastery Choir uhlanganyela yokukhulekela onesizotha wezinzalamizi. Ngaphandle luyingxenye emisebenzini yesonto, iqembu ithatha ingxenye amakhonsathi eziningi zemfundo kokubili eRussia nakwamanye amazwe.

repertoire ekwayeni ihlanganisa isonto eziyinkimbinkimbi-copyright iculo ngamaholide ahlukahlukene yobuKristu unyaka zeviki kwendilinga yesonto. Ngaphezu imisebenzi isonto, iqembu wenza ezihlukahlukene chants, carols, abantu Russian nezingoma ezempi-yokushisekela izwe, emaculweni angokwenkolo, Waltzes ne-ballads. Wayevame kwenza studio okuqoshiwe futhi wadedelwa CD eziningana ngemisebenzi ehlukene.

isiphetho

Moscow Danilov Monastery ingenye zomhlaba ezidumile kakhulu yenhloko-dolobha. Ama-pilgrim amaningi Orthodox ufuna ukuza lapha ukukhuleka izinsalela abangcwele futhi ethandaza. Kukhona njalo ukwamukela - enikezwa ihhotela kwezivakashi.

Uma ngokuvakashela Danilov Monastery e Moscow, ukubhekana lokho akusho ubuhlungu ukwazi: Ul. Danilovsky umgodi 22.