UPhilip II Macedon: Impi yase-Chaeroneia

Battle of Chaeronea wathatha cishe izingalo ezimbili nengxenye abantu eminyakeni eyinkulungwane edlule. Nokho, inkumbulo Isinde kuze kube namuhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izici namanje abangele impikiswano phakathi mlando nabavubukuli. Bekusele ekuchazeni kubangela eshubile umphakathi isiGreki Macedonian (Slavic Republic of Macedonia). Kumephu jikelele, isimo esisha esinamandla, owawungumnyaka ukushintsha inkambo yomlando.

Futhi, it is Chaeronea lokuqala kwaba edumile Aleksandr Makedonsky.

izizathu

Eminyakeni 350 BC buthola umfutho umbuso Macedonian. isiko lamaGreki namanje ovelele kule ndawo. Ngalesi sikhathi Hellas uqobo kakhulu wahlukanisa. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezimele ngokuphelele lizisho, okubizwa ngokuthi nezinqubomgomo. Kulokhu, imibuso ehlukene ngisho uqobo ungamandla sína nhlonhlo. Kwakungumsebenzi ngempumelelo kakhulu yokuqoqa intela uhlelo, ezikhungweni ezahlukene zomphakathi, ibutho laso. idolobha ngalinye kungaba ukuqoqa njengoba ibutho njalo futhi izidlamlilo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kaningi kwadingeka izingxabano phakathi nezinqubomgomo. Uma endaweni eyodwa ezinye sokulwa okukhona ngaphakathi eqenjini, wabe esesebenzisa ubuthakathaka omunye umakhelwane futhi aqinise isikhundla salo. AmaGreki ababeshumayela nokuhwebelana East, futhi kusukela enyakatho. Nokho, cishe wonke umuntu ngaphandle yena, kubhekwe namaqaba kanye iziwula ngenalwazi. Ngakho ukwanda okusheshayo kancane isiko.

Ukudlondlobala Macedonia

Macedonia ubuye amandla eyodwa ngaphezulu. Iziphathimandla agcinwe kule ezandleni oligarchs, lapho bema phambi kwenkosi. Ngoba ngokulunga isihlalo sobukhosi izibhelu olunegazi zenzeka njalo.

Cishe zonke inkosi yase Macedonia ubulawa. indima enkulu kuleli zwe kudlalwa lempi. Isiko lingachazwa ngokuthi ungumGreki, kodwa walondoloza ngamasiko endawo lasendulo. Lezi umehluko omncane abangu waphawula ngokushesha amaGreki. Balahla kwabaseMakedoniya, kuhlanganise izihlobo zabo namaqaba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yena Macedonia zaziya amandla ovelele kule ndawo. Kancane kancane wafumana Pang. Kuleli zwe kwakukhona omningi kwezimayini zegolide. INkosi uPhilip II kuhlelwe ukunwetshwa amandla futhi ukulungele ukuba anqobe amazwe ngesiGreki.

Southing

Impi phakathi eMakedoniya nase Hellas kwakungafanele into entsha futhi zazizinde ngaphambi kwalokhu. Nokho, kwaba phansi Philip usongo ekunqotshweni Greece Kwaphakama. Futhi, ngenxa elincane namasiko ehlukene kanye izinkolo cishe ngokuphelele ezifanayo osongweni nokwenziwa iphutha. Leli qiniso abanye zombangazwe ezivelele yaseGrisi waqonda njengoba omuhle. Ngokwesibonelo, Isocrates babekholelwa ukuthi amandla eqinile eyodwa ungagcina Macedonia umphakathi wahlukana nezinqubomgomo. Kodwa iningi uthi ababusi Akazange ababheke njengezinto umfelandawonye Philip okuthile ethembisa, babezimisele ukuba amnike wenqaba juqu.

Ngo 338 kwabaseMakedoniya bamasha ekunqotshweni izinqubomgomo Greece.

Amandla amaqembu: kwabaseMakedoniya

Battle of Chaeronea kwashiya imibuzo eminingi, izimpendulo ngalo mlando ezahlukene ukunikeza ezahlukene. Enye yalezi - the ukulinganisa inani lamasosha. Ngalezo zinsuku kwaba mlando ezahlukene livame ukwenza ihaba ngezinto eziningi amasosha esimangalisa kunazo, amaqhawe, noma ngezinye izizathu. Inombolo inembe kakhulu kunazo zonke ibutho Macedonian inombolo abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu aba. Hike ukuze Boeotia Kwakuhlelwe kudala. Mayelana naye babazi ojenene eseduze, kanye indodana yenkosi - Alexander. Kusukela ubudala encane uyise bamfundisa ubuciko impi, futhi wayechitha zonke izindaba zakhe. Ngesisekelo ibutho Macedonian kwaba impi njalo, ukubuthwa emazweni awo, ngaphansi kwesizwe. iyunithi ngalinye babe indinganiso-zikhundla kaFiliphu.

Bona ukuthi bebehlome ikakhulu ngemikhonto, sesquioxides izinkemba nezihlangu. Njengoba lisetshenziswe rawhide zempi noma uchungechunge imeyli zempi. A indima enkulu izimpi ngalezo zikhathi kudlalwa nalawo agibela amahhashi. Riders babe elite sezempi kuwo wonke amazwe. Ngaphezu inkosi ngezinyawo izinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu Wayesethatha zamahhashi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili.

Amandla amaqembu: amaGreki

Avamile impi yamaGreki Macedonian nomthelela lokuthuthukiswa kwamasu ethize uma kwenzeka kwakuwukuhlasela ngamaKristu aseMakedoniya. Lizisho kwadingeka wamabutho esikhulu nokuma. Phakathi kusengaphambili obize nezidlamlilo. Esinye nesinye isakhamuzi waphoqeleka ukuba ngumnikazi ubuciko amasosha, futhi kuleso simo ukulwa empini. Egcekeni evamile bezizwe "hoplites". Lokhu elihamba esindayo. Bona laba bebehlome ngezibhamu imitha emithathu umkhonto, isihlangu esindayo, inkemba encane. Njengoba zempi esetshenziswa zempi ekukhanyeni, bracers, nesigqoko sokuzivikela abayizithulu. Hoplites ethuthuka ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu. Ngo iyunithi ngayinye, kwakukhona abantu abangaba ngu-250. Bahlasela phakathi kwababusi, ukukusingatha amagalelo wangiklwebha futhi dudula isihlangu isitha. Kwezinye izimo, le hoplites Kwakunenye Simoni nomkhonto - ingcula. Untshinga nje ngaphambi kuhlasela.

Ukuqeqeshelwa impi kwenzekani iminyaka emibili. Battle of Chaeronea kakhulu ushintshe amaqhinga kanye izikhali hoplites esikhathini esizayo.

Ilungiselela impi

ibutho Macedonian zaholela empini uqobo Korol filipp. Battle of Chaeronea lalizoba ekuhlolweni kokuqala real kwezinhloko zamaviyo entsha. Ibutho lalihamba, ukulondoloza amandla. Ngisho ngayizolo impi esemqoka ezindaweni eziqhelelene phambili kakade uhlole ndawo. AmaGreki wakwazi ukuthatha isikhundla ukhululekile. On the flank ngesandla esisodwa yebutho lawo laligcwele yoMlambo, futhi ngakolunye - upland. AmaGreki ayenokuhlangenwe amasosha acishe abe yizinkulungwane 30. Abaningi babo kwakungabantu izakhamuzi hoplites, kanye Amasosha.

Iningi amasosha kwaba elihamba esindayo, esiyingozi ngokwedlulele empini eduze, kodwa ngesikhathi aqondisa kancanekancane. Abantu babewathanda kakhulu e-Athene eThebes. Futhi ukuvikela Hellas kwafika edume "Engcwele Band kweThebes."

Lokhu uxhumano abantu abangamakhulu amathathu abakhethekileyo umbusi suite kanye division best inqubomgomo.

Philippe bekungeyona inombolo enkulu okunjalo elihamba esindayo, efana amaGreki. Ngakho yaba qhinga ekhethekile. Abase-Athene babaziwa wawuhlukunyezwe bawo empini. Phula morale yabo kwaba nzima kakhulu. Nokho, izivikelo esindayo ngokushesha amasosha sikhathele siyingcuba. Ngakho-ke, lo jikelele wathatha imali peltasts ezinkulu. Lokhu amaqhawe lasendulo ngesiGreki yokukhanya. Bona laba bebehlome ngezibhamu javelins nokukhanya izihlangu eyenziwe lesikhumba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, alwa ngaphandle zempi. Peltasts abamfunanga shí empini. Ngokuba yilowo nalowo waphonsa imicibisholo lesitha kude. Ngaphezu kwalezi, abaseMakedoniya babe slingers. La masosha akazange azidingi izinto ezincane noma engenazo nhlobo ngaphandle izikhwama ekhethekile. Bakhandwa bebeka amatshe ukuthi slingers ajikijela isitha intambo ekhethekile - isihlilingi.

U-Alexander Omkhulu wahola amabutho kwesokudla-wing - nalawo agibela amahhashi.

impi

Battle of Chaeronea iqale ngo-2 Agasti. Amabutho angasohlangothini emehlweni. Philip wahola ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu. Wayala zamahhashi iphiko ezikwazi kwesokudla-Alexander Omkhulu, indodana ka nguFiliphu, owayememezela ngaleso sikhathi wayeneminyaka engu-18 ubudala. AmaGreki wema emsamo, ngoba kulula ukuhlasela. KwabaseMakedoniya futhi zikleliswe plain. AmaGreki wayala Hores, Stratocles proxy, Theagenes nezinye Ubuntu adumile.

AmaGreki lokuqala iyiswe kuhlasela. Njengenhlalayenza, besethemba okwesikhathi bokuphakama zezinombolo and qualitative komugqa contact. Ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa amasignali ngowokuqala ohlangothini kuhlasela sivaliwe nempi enkulu. Coalition amabutho yamalungu ukugcina operation Friend kanye ukuvala isitha.

Ngaphesheya phambi mpi yaqala ukulwa nenkani. Ngokuvamile, baye wawina labo ongagcina uhlelo olulodwa futhi ibenze isitha isihlangu odongeni, ngezikhathi uphonsa punches. Ngenxa yalesi ubunjalo impi wonke amabutho abangu iboshwe futhi bancishwa amathuba yokunyakaza. Reverse umphumela impi wabo kwakungu-Aleksandr Makedonsky. Battle of Chaeronea amaGreki obekubonakala sengathi uyena ozophatha. Bona ngentshiseko alwa ocindezelwe ngamaKristu aseMakedoniya. UFiliphu wayala ashona. amabutho Advanced waqala ashona phansi futhi uvalwe ivaliwe ezinhlwini zabo.

ekuchithweni

AmaGreki bekubona, zaba nolaka. Kwakukhona ukukhala "ukuphishekela eMacedonia kwakusuka enhliziyweni!" Hoplites wagijimela nokubajaha. Nokho, umshushisi i- kwendlela eyejwayelekile. Inkosi wayezazi lezi imiphumela, njengoba kusetshenziswe izindlela ezifanayo lapho belwa namaphoyisa Thracians. Uma amaGreki waphula ukuhleleka, peltasts futhi slingers Waqala ukujikijela nemikhonto ezizayo. Ngaleso sikhathi, u-Alexander kanye mabutho ephethwe ukuze ifohle amabutho esitha kanye ukudweba-Athene abaleke. Ukuhluleka kwakusho flank kuhlasela kuthabathela ecaleni kanye imvelo, okuyinto ayikwazanga simelane hoplites. Baqala abaleke, ashiye izihlangu zabo. Futhi ukulahlekelwa isihlangu sakhe sasidabukisa kakhulu iqhawe. Futhi ukubonakaliswa 'ukubuyela abaphatha isihlangu noma isihlangu. "

imiphumela

Ngokusho kaDiodorus, yawa mayelana amaGreki ayizinkulungwane empini, kabili uvele ekuthunjweni. It labhujiswa ngokuphelele Engcwele Band kweThebes. Akazange emuva phansi futhi wagquma imicibisholo kwabaseMakedoniya namaGreki. City Chaeronea kwakuhlezi amabutho tsarist ngosuku olufanayo. Indlela oya ezwekazini yaseGrisi wavulwa. Ngemva kokunqotshwa we-Union of Imizi Chaeronea Macedonia kumephu yeYurophu liye landa ngamaphesenti acishe abe yisigamu. Lizisho zanqotshwa futhi bathembisa ukuthi ngincome. Futhi Hellas yezwekazi bazithoba enkosini Macedonian (ngaphandle Sparta). Ngonyaka Battle of Chaeronea emhlabeni beqala ukuzwa Aleksandra Velikogo.