Ungaba kanjani umpristi? Ungaba kanjani umfundisi ngaphandle kwe-seminary?

Umpristi akayona nje umsebenzi, kodwa ukukhetha yonke indlela yokuphila. Bambalwa abakwaziyo, ngoba akudingi kuphela ulwazi oluthile namakhono, kodwa futhi nokuzimela okuvamile ukwamukela isithunzi, ingokomoya, umthwalo wemfanelo nokuvuthwa. Kunemibuzo eminingi evamile mayelana nenkonzo yesonto. Ngokukhethekile, kanjani ukuba umpristi ngaphandle kwe-seminary? Ngabe uneminyaka engakanani ongayikhetha lo msebenzi? Kuneminye imibuzo, futhi bonke, ngokungangabazeki, badinga izimpendulo eziningiliziwe neziningiliziwe. Ngakho ake sifunde ukuthi singaba kanjani umpristi, futhi ngubani ongazinikela enkonzweni yesonto.

Ubani ongaba umpristi?

Cishe wonke umuntu angazinikela enkonzweni yesonto. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ayilula futhi ihilela ukukholwa okuningi nokholo. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba athole imfundo yenkolo, umpristi kufanele abonise ukuthambekela kokukhonza, ukuhlakulela izimfanelo zokuziphatha eziphakeme, ukwehlisa isisekelo sakhe nesifiso sesono futhi, ngokuvamile, uvakashele isonto. Kungcono uma efunda izincwadi zesonto nezingoma kusengaphambili, uyazi ukuthi benza kanjani inkonzo njalonjalo. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo.

Ukutholwa kobuchwepheshe nokuthola

Labo abazibuza ukuthi bangaba kanjani umfundisi eRussia, udinga ukwazi imithetho ethile. Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukuthola imfundo emininingwaneni yemfundiso yenkolo. Umuntu oyingenayo kumele ahambisane nemithetho elandelayo:

• Ubudala: iminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-35, owesilisa;

• Isimo somshado: washada okokuqala noma ongashadile;

• Qedela imfundo yesibili;

• Isiphakamiso esivela kumfundisi we-Orthodox.

Ngemuva kokuthunyelwa kwawo wonke amaphepha adingekayo, lo muntu owenzayo udlulisa ingxoxo, ehlola izisusa zokuvuma, ukwethembeka kwezinhloso, kanye nekhono lokukhuluma ngendlela efanele futhi ngokubumbene imicabango yabo.

Izivivinyo zokuqala zihlola ulwazi lweTestamente Elidala Nelimasha, iCatechism kanye nomlando weSonto Lama-Orthodox YaseRussia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abafakizicelo kumele badlulise ukuhlolwa okubhaliwe - i-akhawunti yomlando wesonto noma isihloko seBhayibheli. Ukwazi imithandazo eyisisekelo namaculo, kanye nedatha yezwi, ihlolwe. Imfuneko ephoqelekile yikhono lokufunda i-Psalter ngolimi lwesiSlavic.

Ukuqeqeshwa kwenziwa kanjani?

Labo abanesithakazelo sokuba ngumpristi kumele bazi izimo ze-seminary. Izivivinyo zokungena ziqhutshwa ngo-Agasti. Amakilasi, njengamanye amaziko ezemfundo, aqale ngo-September wokuqala. Imfundo e-seminary iyisivivinyo esinzima sokholo kanye nokufaneleka kokukhetha indlela yokuphila. Kukhona isiyalo esiqinile kulo, futhi akuwona wonke umuntu ongadlula kulolu daba kuze kube sekupheleni.

Qaphela ukuthi abafundi abavela kwamanye amadolobha bathola indawo ehostela kuyo yonke iminyaka emihlanu yokutadisha. Ngokwemvelo, ama-seminarians kufanele agcine ngokucophelela imithetho yokuhlala kulo, ikakhulukazi, kubalulekile ukuchitha ubusuku ekamelweni lakho.

Bonke abafundi bathola isifundo. Abantu abasha abaqeqeshwe bangalindela ukuba babekwe njengabapristi. Lokhu kungenzeka kuphela emva kokudlula ukuvuma futhi uthathe esinye ukuhlolwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukutadisha e-seminary akuqinisekisi ukuthola isithunzi.

Umpristi waseParish noma umonki?

Ngisho nangaphambi kokuphela kwe-seminary, abafundi kumele baqaphele ukuthi bahlose ukushada yini. Lesi sinqumo sinesibopho esikhulu, ngoba awukwazi ukushintsha isimo sakho somshado ngemuva kokunikezelwa. Ngakho-ke, inceku yesikhathi esizayo yebandla kufanele ikhethe indlela yomonakalo ongavunyelwe ukushada, noma ukushada nokuba ngumpristi waseParish. Kuthatha umfazi oyedwa kuphela ngaphandle komuntu ohlukanisiwe (akakwazi ukuqeda umshado noma aphinde ashade, ngisho nangabe kwenzeka ubufelokazi), kodwa nakumfazi wakhe: akufanele abe ngumfelokazi noma ahlukaniswe.

Kwenzekani ngemuva kokuphela kwe-seminary?

Ngemuva kokuphothula iziqu, abaphothula iziqu basatshalaliswa emaphandleni abathintekayo kuwo. Ngenkathi yenkonzo, kungenzeka ukuba uthole isikhundla esisha. Isinyathelo sokuqala sobukhosi besonto ngumdikoni. Kulandelwa ngokushesha ngokumiswa. Futhi izinga eliphakeme kakhulu lobupristi kakade liyisikhundla sobubhishobhi. Kodwa-ke, labo abafisa ukwazi ukuthi bangaba ngabapristi, udinga ukwazi olunye ulwazi.

Amakholisi (labo abakhethele i-celibacy) banamathuba amaningi okunyuka ebandleni lobuphathi bebandla. Baneba nethuba lokuthola isikhundla sobubhishobhi futhi babe yindawo edolobheni, ehola isifundazwe sonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuphela amakholi akhetha i-Patriarch. Uma lowo oqeqeshwe iziqu ekhetha indlela yompristi wesonto oshadile, akakwazi ukuphakama ngaphezu kwe-office of abbot.

Kungenzeka yini ukuba umpristi ngaphandle kwemfundo ekhethekile engokomoya?

Kukhona umbuzo obathandayo abaningi abafuna ukuzidela esontweni. Kuzwakala kanje: "Kungenzeka yini nokuthi ungaba kanjani umfundisi ngaphandle kwe-seminary?" Eqinisweni, lokhu kungenzeka, kodwa kuphela uma inhloko yephalazi yakhe yenza umhlangano wokuqala. Ngaso leso sikhathi kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi ukuthola isithunzi ngaleyo ndlela kuqhutshwa emasontweni ambalwa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ngaphandle kwemfundo ekhethekile yezemfundiso e-seminary ayisanele. Lesi yisimo esibalulekile sokuthola isithunzi.

Imfundo Engokomoya eBelarus

Kwabaningi, umbuzo obalulekile ukuba umpristi eBelarus. Kuleli zwe kunenqwaba yezikhungo ezifanele lapho labo abafisa ukuzidela esontweni bangafunda. Ake sizame ukubhala kuhlu. Ngakho-ke, eBelarus izikole ezintathu sezisebenza manje, eziseMinsk, eVitebsk naseSlonim. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona i-seminary enhloko-dolobha, kanye nesikole esingokomoya. Kusadingeka ukuthi usho i-Institute of Theology eBelarusian State University.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuphela amadoda anemfundo ephakeme yezemfundo ayangeniswa eSikoleni. Umpristi wesikhathi esizayo kufanele abe ongashadile noma ohlala emshadweni wokuqala, ngempela obhapathiziwe. Esifundweni semfundo saseMinsk, bobabili abanezemfundo ephakeme nalabo abanezemfundo yesibili yemfundiso yenkolo bayamukelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nguyedwa oye wakhonza empini noma okhishwe ngedokhumenti kuwo angafika lapha. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amantombazane angangena eminyangweni ethile yezikole ezingokomoya.

Ngakho-ke, ukhetho lwezikhungo zemfundo lukhulu, futhi lapha konke okuyinhloko ngokuyinhloko kunqunywa ngobuqotho bezisusa nokholo lomfundisi wesikhathi esizayo.

Futhi kuthiwani ngamaKatolika?

Labo abanesithakazelo sokuba ngumpristi wamaKatolika kudingeka bazi ezinye izimo ezincane. Indlela eya enkonzweni esontweni iyinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu kunokwesiko e-Orthodoxy. Umehluko wokuqala wukuthi ebuKatolika akukho okuthiwa abefundisi abamhlophe. Ngakho, umpristi akakwazi ukudala umndeni. Ukuqeqeshwa kwezikhonzi zesonto elizayo kwenzeka ema-seminari, okungenziwa ngemuva kokuthola imfundo ephakeme, noma ukuphothula esikoleni sokuzivocavoca.

Esikhathini sokuqala, ukuqeqeshwa kuzothatha iminyaka emine, okwesibini nesishiyagalombili. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi insizwa efuna ukuya emhlanganweni we-seminary kufanele isivele ibe ngumKatolika oshisekayo futhi okungenani iminyaka emibili iqhaza ngokuhlanganyela empilweni yaseParish. Emva kokuqeda ukuqeqeshwa, umpristi wesikhathi esizayo kumele asebenze izinyanga eziyisithupha esontweni njengedononi futhi aqiniseke ngokufaneleka kwendlela ekhethiwe. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, umhlangano wokuqokwa kanye nokuqokwa kwamanye amaparishithi kwenziwa.

Ngakho-ke, indlela yomfundisi wamaKatolika, nakuba engekho ngezindlela eziningi, ihluke endleleni yokuba ngumpristi wama-Orthodox.

Imingcele yobudala

Njengoba kukhulunywe kulesi sihloko, kuphela umuntu oneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-18 ubudala futhi ongadluli eminyakeni engama-35 ongangena e-seminary, okungukuthi, ngemva kokuqeda izifundo zakhe, umuntu angaba ngumpristi eminyakeni engama-40 noma ngaphambili. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu baqala ukuzwa isifiso salokhu ukubiza ngemuva kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe. Bazibuza: "Kungenzeka yini ukuthi ube umpristi kulokhu?"

Okukhethwa ngabantu abanjalo kungaba ukufunda ibanga esikoleni esingokomoya - kunomkhawulo weminyaka engu-55. Kodwa kunesimo esisodwa: okungenayo kufanele athathe ukulalela kwePhalamende, futhi lokhu kufanele kubhalwe phansi. Ngisho nangemva kokuthola irisidi, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngezibalo zaminyaka yonke endaweni yokulalela, futhi kufanele iqinisekiswe umbhishobhi obusayo.

Kunoma yikuphi, ukukhishwa kobupristi emva kwezinsuku zokugcina okumele kutholakale kufanele kuthathwe isinqumo ngabanye.

Ungaba kanjani umka- mpristi?

Amantombazane amaningi athembekile afuna ukushada nompristi. Kodwa-ke, impilo enjalo futhi uhlobo lomsebenzi, futhi akuwona wonke umuntu olungele. Kodwa labo abasesithakazelo sokuthi bangaba kanjani umka-mpristi, kudingeka wazi imininingwane.

Okokuqala kuyadingeka ukuthi uqonde ukuthi umuntu osemusha ofundela i-seminary yezemfundiso angeke ajwayele indlela evamile, isibonelo, lapho ehambela amaqembu noma amakhonsathi. Abafazi bomama ozayo ngokuvamile baba amantombazane emindenini ekholwayo abaya emasontweni noma ekilasini lobusuku e-seminary. Njengoba sesishilo kakade, umpristi okhethiwe angeke abe ngumfelokazi noma ahlukaniswe, futhi kufanele abe intombi, nokho, njengomlingani wakhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuphela u-rector anganikeza imvume kumfundisi wezomshado.

Ngendlela, izidingo ezithile nazo zifakwe emsebenzini womfazi wesikhathi esizayo wompristi. Akudingeki ukuba athambekele kumyeni wakhe. Esikhathini esidlule, kwakukhona umyalo owenqabela izikhulu zesonto ukuba zishade nabalingisi, lo msebenzi wawucatshangwa ukuthi awufanelekile.

Yiba njalo, amantombazane afuna ukuhlanganisa isiphetho salo nompristi kumele aqaphele ukuthi lokhu kukhetho kugcwele ubunzima obuthile. Isibonelo, umfazi kufanele alandele umyeni wakhe kunoma yikuphi, ngisho nasepareni elikude nakakhulu futhi angakhononda ukuthi umyeni wakhe ukhokha kakhulu abanye abantu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, impilo kanina kaningi idala izingxoxo ngamalungu esonto, njalo ibonakala. Ngakho-ke, ngale ndlela uthatha umthwalo ophezulu futhi udinga amandla amakhulu okuziphatha nokukhuthazela ukuba kungabi nje umngane, kodwa futhi ukusekelwa, futhi ngemuva okuthembekile kumngane wakho womshado.

Umsebenzi noma ukubizwa?

Manje siyazi ukuthi singaba kanjani umpristi. Noma kunjalo, inani lezidingo eziyisisekelo kufanele lihlanganise nezimfanelo ezithile zokuziphatha: amandla omoya, ukubekezela, isifiso sokusiza ngamazwi nangezenzo, uthando ngabantu. Labo abafisa ukuba ngabapristi kumele bahlale bekulungele ukuphila ngokuvumelana nemigomo ekhethekile, ngokuzithandela balahle injabulo nezinjabulo eziningi.

Akuwona wonke umuntu olungele izinyathelo ezinjalo. Futhi kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ekukhanyeni kwenhliziyo, kuphela ngaleyo ndlela iba yilapho ilungile futhi ilungile ngempela. Futhi-ke umbuzo wokuthi ungaba kanjani umpristi nokuthi kunzima kanjani, uthatha isihlalo sokubuyela emuva. Futhi isifiso sokuzibonakalisa kule nsimu enzima iba yinto enkulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ubupristi kuqala futhi akuyona into ebaluleke kunazo zonke, kodwa umsebenzi nokuzikhethela okubonisa impilo yonke yomuntu.