Umbusi ezithule Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov. Izimpawu iBhodi

Russian Tsar "ezithule" ngokuthi kudala ngekhulu XVI. "Ezithule" (kamuva Limiselelwe 'unomusa') - isihloko zokuhlonipha, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i umbusi le ezibiyele sika ngesikhathi imithandazo toast behlonipha yakhe. Nokho, umlando we ezithule yabo bonke ababusi baleli zwe bakhipha Russian wahlala kuphela Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov, ummeleli Romanov lwamakhosi ohlanga esihlalweni sobukhosi Russian yesibili. Yena wayethanda abantu, zenkolo, uhlobo, ayeveza futhi wafundiswa kahle isikhathi sabo. Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi ibhodi "ezithule" lo mbusi kwaba khona ukuthula okukhulu ezahlukene, kulinganiswa kanye nenhlalakahle. Nokho, kule minyaka wokubusa kwakhe (1645 - 1676) kwakunokuvungama okuningi zezinxushunxushu ethandwa kuleli zwe futhi izingxabano zempi nge uthi angomakhelwane.

Indaba yokuphila ka-nkosi Russian ku egameni Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov - Biography ubuntu esikhulu esenze neqhaza elikhulu esivumelwaneni umlando kanye namasiko isimo Russian.

INdodana uMbusi Mikhail Fedorovich wazalwa ngo-March 19, 1629 Ngokwesiko, futhi iminyaka 5 umfana ngophethe anakekela Nurse, kamuva nokuvusa nkosi yesikhathi esizayo eyingoduso Boyar Boris Morozov. Ngemva ukubusa esihlalweni sobukhosi umfundi wakhe , uBoris Morozov empeleni leliya lizwe, okwaholela kwavukelwa eMoscow ngo-1648 - ". Salt Riot" Lokhu ukuhlubuka kwaba umcimbi ngemva kwalokho u-Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov waqala ukunquma letinkhulu inqubomgomo. Esikhathini esiyiminyaka kamuva wokubusa kwakhe nkosi ngezinye izikhathi ake eseduze negalelo lakhe abalulekile ezindabeni isimo, kodwa kuze kufike leso sikhathi kuphela njengoba ayephishekela inqubomgomo ihlangabezana izithakazelo zabo. Ngesikhathi lapho imithetho Romanov Aleksey Mihaylovich, kweluhlelo lwahulumende ngalokuyimphumelelo umbuso Russian aluthola izici absolutism. Ikhodi imithetho - ikhodi Conciliar, esenziwa ngo-1649, ekugcineni kuvikelwe kubalimi ngesikhathi esifanayo, wandisa amalungelo yezikhulu futhi isigaba yomthengisi. kwenziwe izinguquko ezithile esontweni ka uMphathi weSonto Nikon kuholele uqhekeko kuleli eMoscow Church (uvele "Amakholwa Old") futhi kudingeke zilwe isonto-zenkolo ezibabayo.

Okubalulekile umcimbi inqubomgomo angaphandle kwaba isiphelo sesimiso Pereiaslav iSivumelwano e 1654 kanye insimu inyunyana Ukraine nge embusweni Russian. Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov kwaholela empini nge Poland. Ukwehluleka uqede nempi Sweden (1656-58) ngoba khona oLwandle iBaltic. Phakathi 70-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu XVII, empini akuphelanga ne eCrimea naseTurkey. I ukunganeliseki labantu isimo eziwohlokayo ngenxa impi njalo kwaholela ngesihluku nezibhelu ukuyiveza nokuvukela (1648 futhi 1662 eMoscow ngo-1650 e Novgorod futhi Pskov, 1670 - 1671 eminyakeni ngaphansi kobuholi Stepana Razina ku Don, eVolga esifundeni neningizimu isimo eMoscow).

Ngesikhathi inkosi wabaholi ezithule abusa le "buntashny" ngekhulu, olwenziwa ngaphandle kwekuhlela kabusha ebuthweni nokuhlelwa kabusha kwezomhlaba kanye yemali. Phakathi nokubusa kwakhe, umkhumbi wempi lokuqala, efeza 'the comedy isenzo "(yaseshashalazini) yayakhiwe, amazinga kahulumeni ahlukahlukene ekuphileni kwakwande isiko European, futhi isiko Russian uvele izincwadi zezwe kanye Umdwebo wokuziphilisa.

Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov washona ngo-January 29, 1676, nibusisa indodana yenkosi Fyodor.