Gannibal Ivan Abramovich: Biography omkhulu-umalume Aleksandra Pushkina

Omkhulu-umalume Aleksandra Pushkina Gannibal Ivan Abramovich wazalwa enyakatho Estonia Manor Karyakyula. Akukona ukugcina ulwazi olungenaphutha ngemithi usuku lokuzalwa kwakhe kuze kube namuhla. Esikwaziyo inombolo (12 Okthoba ku ikhalenda likaGregory), kodwa kwaphela unyaka wonke kusukela wokuphila impikiswano. Lena noma th 1735 noma 1736 th noma 1737 th.

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Ivan eyizibulo o-Abrama Petrovich Hannibal - Engineer Military kanye Jikelele-in-Chief. Le ndoda (ie, ukhokho wakhe) Aleksandr Pushkin abazinikezele noveli "The Arap Petra Elikhulu."

Uyise ka-Ivan Abramovich ngempela lihlotshaniswa kumbusi. Wayengumuntu eRussia 1704, ngemva ayeze inxusa Russian eConstantinople, Sava Raguzinsky. U-Abrama wayeneminyaka indodana inkosana Afrika, owayeyilungu ezikhonza ngaphansi kwe-sultan Turkish. Ivan wenza umsebenzi emangalisayo eRussia. ibhapathizwa wakhe naye uPetru I. Ngenxa isikhundla sikayise, Gannibal Ivan Abramovich ongabala ku akaphumeleli esingemnandi emiphakathini okusezingeni eliphezulu.

kumiswa

Ngiseyingane, umfana wafunda Petersburg Marine wezikhali esikoleni. Kakade ngalesi yobudala, kwacaca ukuthi ukuphila kwakhe bekungeke kube elihlobene ne ezindabeni zezempi. Khona-ke Gannibal Ivan Abramovich iziqu Marine Corps Gentry. Isikhulu saqala ukukhonza wezikhali asolwandle. Ngo-1769, wathola isikhundla tseyhmeystera.

Yandisa iphutha ekuqaleni olandelayo impi Russian-Turkish ka 1768-1774. Kulesi umkhankaso, imikhumbi waba nendima ebaluleke kakhulu. Petersburg, sanquma ukuya Aegean Sea isigaba oluhle ngemikhumbi yempi, lapho obekumele ukusiza abantu lenqaba aseBalkan. Yaqala kanjalo-ke le Archipelago eviyweni, wakhe ubuhanjelwe Ivan Abramovich uHannibal. Life indlela amyisa novivinyo olunzima kunalo lonke, owawungumnyaka ukucacisa yonke inkambo esizayo isikhulu umsebenzi.

Okokuqala Archipelago Expedition

Yokuhamba ngezinyawo e-Aegean Sea kwakuyinto eyayiqala ngqá. Gannibal Ivan Abramovich, njengalaba lasebenta nabo, babengenakho okuhlangenwe nakho of enjalo yamabhola antantayo emikhulu. Endleleni mikhumbi yayingamamitha a iziphepho ambalwa. Zokugwema ukuphuka kwadingeka ukuba silungise ekuhambeni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uHannibal okwabahambela ezingaphezu kuka ezinye amaqembu anabantu abangu eminye imikhumbi. Ngokwesibonelo, enamandla kunazo umkhumbi "Svyatoslav" waba avuzayo, ngenxa ayelayo ukubuyela uku. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isigaba abaphethwe izifo. Lapho lo mkhankaso safinyelela Denmark, ukucobeka uye washaya abantu abangaba ngu-300. amatilosi 50 Wafa ngokuphelele.

umyalo sekukonke kwaba ezandleni Admiral Gregory Spiridova. Ivan Abramovich Hannibal wayengomunye walabo izikhonzi amabombo bomkhankaso ekufikeni E-Aegean Sea wayehamba ukuphathisa umsebenzi obalulekile. Spiridov walithatha naye lapho imikhumbi kanye iziguli wahlala eDenmark. Omunye lo msebenzi ngo-February 1770 kwaqala kokufika yePeloponnese. Ivan Abramovich Hannibal akazange iqhaza kuwo, ukulungele ukuphinda into efanayo esikhathini esizayo.

Balwela Navarino

Nakuba iningi imikhumbi isigaba igxile shelling ezibalulekile Fort Umqhele, uHannibal waya ogwini ngakolunye uhlangothi yePeloponnese. Ngaphansi umyalo wakhe kwakungamadodana yempi "Osanta ezintathu" no- "San Gennaro" futhi frigate "Saint Nicholas." Lokhu lamabutho kwaba abantu 300, futhi izibhamu ambalwa ukusuka enomborweni zokuvimbezela wezikhali. Imikhumbi wasondela inqaba Turkish of Navarino. April 10, 1770 laqala iJerusalema livinjezelwe.

Ngokuya ngalolu hlelo, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, inani 21, eduze ezindongeni isitha lawela amasosha Russian. Wabayala zonke okufanayo uBrigadier wezikhali asolwandle Ivan Abramovich uHannibal. Biography of lo muntu ngokuthi wezempi waziwa kakhulu lokhu isiqephu ekhazimulayo. Navarino Ukuqhunyiswa yayithatha izinsuku eziyisithupha. Ngemva inqaba sathathwa squad Russian. Troopers bakwazi wasithatha eziningi izikhali, izibhamu, izigqulo futhi inqwaba neziqhumane isitha. Ukuthatha Navarino wavumela Navy Russian ukuthola bay elula, okuyinto behlaliswe isisekelo sayo isikhathi.

Ngo Chesme Bay

Julayi 5, 1770 Gannibal Ivan Abramovich (1736-1801) wathatha ingxenye kwenye impi ebalulekile ekulweni Turkey. Ngobusuku obandulela lasolwandle Russian wathola imikhumbi eziningana Turkish okwehange ethekwini Cesme ogwini olusentshonalanga Malaya Aziya okuphambene Chios. Umyalo isinqumo ukulwa nesitha.

Ivan Hannibal wanikezwa umsebenzi ukulungiselela ezimbalwa umlilo-imikhumbi (imikhumbi, ezazigxishwe iziqhumane izinto ezingase zibambe umlilo). Esikhathini sikhathi esibucayi kakhulu impi lezizitsha bathunyelwa bay, agcwele frigates isitha futhi emikhunjini. I-Turks sinqume ukuthi zisingathwa defectors Russian. Leli phutha ovunyelwe umlilo inkantolo futhi ukubeka imikhumbi yoMbuso wase-Ottoman Empire umonakalo. Le mpi iwine, futhi Hannibal ezenziwe impumelelo lo mnikelo ezinkulu.

eminyakeni yamuva

Ngemva kwempi, u-Ivan Hannibal waba uMajor General. Ngo 1778 watshelwa ukusungula omusha Black Sea ne-port yanoma Kherson. Lo mkhankaso ingeyamakhosi kakhulu Umbusikazi uCatherine II. Ivan Abramovich kwaholela ukudalwa amaqembu akhethekile eyisisebenzi, ukwakha umuzi kusuka ekuqaleni. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, ngo-esigangeni kwaba kakade Wharf, inqaba nge isikaniso, ibhalekisi, amakhaya, arsenal, indlu waphonsa nokunye. D. itheku isibe unomphela yokupaka endaweni wezempi futhi imikhumbi yezohwebo. Hannibal kuye kwafeza lukhulu edolobheni bakhangwa hhayi bamakoloni Russian kuphela, kodwa futhi amaGreki futhi amaNtaliyane.

Ngo 1780, u-Ivan Abramovich wathola ucezu enkulu yezwe (ayizinkulungwane 10 esingamahektare). umsebenzi wayo isimo nakwezempi yaphela ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa ezingqubuzana intandokazi iNdlovukazi Grigoriem Potemkinym. Ngo 1784 Hannibal elisezingeni jikelele abakhulu emsebenzini. Kamuva, aphila ifa lakhe eduze Petersburg. Isihlobo Aleksandra Pushkina washona ngo-October 12, 1801. Yena wayengumbulali impohlo engenabantwana.