Movses Horenatsi: A Biography, "Umlando Armenia"

historiography Armenia iyona endala eCaucasus. Ngesikhathi lapho namakhulu eminyaka th 9-10, le mlando lokuqala Georgian waqala ukuloba imisebenzi yabo imitapo WaseByzantium kakade umkhiqizo egcinwe Hazara Parpetsi, Favst WaseByzantium, Koryun, Yeghishe futhi Khorenatsi. Kertohaayr Kugcine wathola isidlaliso, okuyinto uhumusha 'unguyise mlando ". Yekuchumana yemisebenzi yakhe ezisikhanyisela umlando Armenia lasendulo futhi iwumthombo ulwazi mayelana amazwe eduze ezazikhona eMpumalanga Eseduze ukuze 5-6 AD leminyaka.

Movses Horenatsi: Biography of insizwa

ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa mayelana empilweni lo engekho Umlobi womlando. Komthombo ulwazi mayelana nokuphila Khorenatsi owakhe lo msebenzi "Umlando Armenia", lapho ngezinye izikhathi yenza ezikhoselweni futhi ikhombe amaqiniso athile mayelana ezenzakalweni ezazenzeka kuye uqobo.

Ngokwesiko kucatshangwa ukuthi mlando wazalelwa emzaneni Khoren Syunik ndawo ngekhulu lesi-5. It igama lakhe elihlobene ne-isidlaliso we umlobi wezenzakalo kwaba. Ilihumusha ngokuthi "Movses ka Khoren". Ngokusho indaba umbhali, wathola imfundo yamabanga aphansi edolobhaneni lakubo, lapho isikole oyibamba, eyasungulwa uMdali iskripthi Armenia Mesrop Mashtots. Kamuva wathunyelwa ukufundelwa Vagharshapat lapho Movses Khorenatsi wafunda isiGreki, Pahlavi (Ephakathi Persian) nezilimi Syriac. Khona-ke, phakathi kwabafundi engcono, wathunyelwa waqhubeka nemfundo yakhe emzini Edessa, ngaleso sikhathi bafunda ngokuhweba, izikhungo ebaluleke kakhulu yamasiko esifundeni. abasha wesikole impumelelo kwakusobala kangangokuthi ithole izincomo waya ukufunda e Alexandria - ingenye yamadolobha kunazo zonke eMbusweni WaseRoma kwesikhathi ngasekupheleni, lapho safike abajwayelene ngokuningiliziwe nge ifilosofi Neo-kaPlato.

Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya

Kukholakala ukuthi lapho ebuyela Armenia, Movses Khorenatsi, kanye nezinye Mashtots nabafundi bakhe wahumusha iBhayibheli ngolimi Armenia, ekubeni omunye "targmanich" kuqala. Kamuva lezi abapristi abagcotshwa.

ukufa

Ngo 428, Armenia wahlaselwa futhi yahlukaniswa phakathi kwamabutho BoMbuso WaseByzantium nasePheresiya. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe Movses Khorenatsi wabhala: "ngikhala Ngidabukile ngawe, izwe Armenia ... Awunayo yinkosi eside, mpristi, kungekho uhlamvu ngisho nothisha! Chaos futhi yenkolelo zazamazama. Ukungazi psevdomudrost yethu owahlwanyela. Abapristi - ubugovu zidla nge ukuphenduka ezindebeni zakhe, ukuvilapha, abantu abagagamelayo zonda art athande amaholide kanye isiphuzo ... ".

"Umlando Armenia"

Lo msebenzi ekuphileni ezinkulu Khorenatsi ihlanganisa inkathi njengoba kusaqhuba abantu Armenia kuya kwelesihlanu AD leminyaka. Inani layo main itholakala lokuthi ukuthi le ncwadi iyona isitatimende okubanzi kwezinguzunga emlandweni waleli zwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ke iqukethe sifinyeto izinganekwane, usebenza ka temdzabu, enkolweni yobuqaba, poluunichtozhennoy sokulotshwa umbhalo wesandla, impilo engaphakathi isimo kanye nobudlelwane bayo kwezombusazwe nezomnotho emhlabeni. Kuyo, kukhona ezihlukahlukene idatha umlando kanye namasiko amazwe angomakhelwane.

Chronicle inezingxenye ezintathu:

• "Genealogy Ezinkulu Armenia", kuhlanganise nezincwadi zomlando wamakhosi ezweni lendabuko yalo ekusungulweni basezinganekwaneni e 149, ngonyaka BC Arshakids lwamakhosi.
• "Isitatimende umlando isilinganiso okhokho bethu" (ngaphambi kokufa St Gregory the lwenkanyiso).
• Isiphetho (kufika ku 428 AD. AD, lapho kwakukhona khona kuwa Arshakids, naye owayengumculi yobufakazi lwamakhosi mlando Armenia).

Pseudo-Khorenatsi

Kukhona 4 ucezu, okuyinto, ngokusho abacwaningi abaningi, ibhalwe umbhali akaziwa, leso esiye saletha ukuze isethulo umlando nokubusa koMbusi Zeno, owafika inkathi eyiminyaka engu-474-491. Eyokuqala izingxenye 3 futhi aqukethe anachronisms, kuphambene ulwazi ibikwe uLazaru Parpetsi futhi Koryun. Lesi sakamuva emsebenzini wakhe kufakazela ukuba khona umbhishobhi ngokuthi Movses.

Kuyinto ayikaziwa kungani umbhali kanye umhleli okungaziwa ingxenye wesi-4 "Umlando Armenia" wathatha igama Khorenatsi. Kukhona inguqulo ukuthi wayehlose ukuba bakhazimulise lwamakhosi Bagratuni ukuze ekupheleni kwekhulu 7th kwaba ovelele kule lizwe. Esikhathini kweminyaka engu 885 esihlalweni sobukhosi Ashot kuqala. Cishe, mbumbulu Khorenatsi umsebenzi kwakuwukwenza umhlabathi ukuvelela lolu lwamakhosi.

ekudalweni

Incwadi "Umlando Armenia" Khorenatsi - kuyinto umsebenzi wokubhala eyabhalwa umlobi wezenzakalo hhayi kuphela. It yaziwa nangokuthi umlobi amaculo, imbongi kanye lolimi. Phakathi imisebenzi yakhe mikhulu kangakanani lokhu okulandelayo:

• "Mpendulo".
• "Geography" (ungumbhali waleli umsebenzi, abanye abacwaningi abathi ngokwezinga bacabange ukuthi u-Ananiya Shirakatsi).
• "Kumayelana umfel 'ukholo ongcwele Hripsime intombi nto".
• "Imfundiso ekushintsheni Kristu."
• "Amazwana kuya Grammar Armenia" kanjalonjalo.

Njengoba kwakuyisiko ngaleso Armenia indela-abalobi bokuqala, imisebenzi yakhe, kungakhathaliseki okuqukethwe kwabo, kukhona ukubaleka, lapho utshela imininingwane kwansuku noma ukuchaza izenzakalo zaphakathi nabantu abaseduze naye ngesikhathi wokusebenza. Literary inothi umbhali olungenamkhawulo nabanekhono olusankondlo Khorenatsi, okuyinto lubonakala ikakhulu emaculweni akhe kanye izintshumayelo.

mpikiswano yesayensi

Iqiniso lokuthi Movses Khorenatsi wayengumuntu ongokoqobo, okwamanje abekho ingxabano. Kodwa izazimlando amaningi aseNtshonalanga uyavuma ukuthi Khorenatsi wahlala iminyaka 400 futhi bagcizelele ukuthi usebenza kamuva kakhulu, aneminyaka ephakathi kuka-7-9. Isizathu ohlala kuso kuyakhulunywa ngaso "Umlando Armenia" eziningi amagama okuqondene isikhathi kamuva. kamuva Nokho, umlobi wezenzakalo Armenia zokuphila abacwaningi bathi, ziye ifakwe, monk-ababhali esikhundleni segama esiphelelwe zasemizaneni, emifuleni kanye ezindaweni yesimanje kubo.

Ubuzwa kanye neqiniso lokuthi Khorenatsi umfundi Mesrop Mashtots njengoba kungenzeka azibiza kanjalo ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso. Esivuna inguqulo yakamuva futhi yokuthi base-Armenia, futhi kuze kube namuhla ibizwa ngokuthi uMdali ngokubhala kwakhe uMfundisi Omkhulu.

Ezinye anachronisms kumbhalo "Umlando Armenia" yayenza isithunzi ukuzisholo kwazo ukuthi ikhasimende wayeyinkosi Khorenatsi Sahak Bagratuni. Mhlawumbe igama lakhe labhalwa futhi ngesisekelo yezakhi zezombusazwe.

Isazi-mlando-Armenian Khorenatsi nendima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni we isiko labantu bakubo. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe omkhulukazi esehlanganise inkathi ayizinkulungwane eziningana iminyaka, sezwa izinganekwane eziningi nama-legends, kanye ezazakhiwe wonke isithombe imicimbi kanye nezinhlekelele phakathi nokuphila kwakhe wazibonela abantu.

Armenia kube yilolu suku ngokwesaba kokuhlonipha omkhulu ukuze Khorenatsi, futhi zonke wesikole uyazi mayelana ngegalelo lakhe isiko yezwe labo.