Ukutshala izaqathe kwi-Urals - imigomo. Izaqathe: ezikhulayo e-Urals

Izaqathe isitshalo esiwusizo kakhulu, esingenakuzithoba futhi sithandwa kakhulu. Zilungiselele kuzo zonke izifunda zezwe. Kubandakanya ku-Urals. Yazi ukuthi yimiphi imithetho yokunakekela lesi sitshalo, mhlawumbe, mhlawumbe bonke abahlali behlobo. Kodwa-ke, abalimi abanamakhanda bavame ukwenza amaphutha lapho bekhula izaqathe, ezithinta kakhulu izivuno. Ngakho-ke, kulesi sihloko, ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, sizocabangela ukuthi isanqante sitshalwe kanjani kuma-Urals, nokuthi sinakekelwa kahle kanjani lesi sitshalo sezimpande.

Imigomo yokutshala

Okokuqala, ake sibone ukuthi yini ngempela ezotshala lesi siko. Isikhathi sokutshala izaqathe e-Urals akufani kakhulu nesikhathi sokuhlwanyela kwezinye izindawo zebhande eliphakathi. Ukukhetha kwabo mayelana nalesi siko kuyinkinga ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngendlela ekhethiwe ngayo imilingo ehlwanyelwe imbewu, ukuvunwa kwama-karoti kuncike ngokuqondile. Akunakwenzeka ukuqinisa ngokufika noma kunjani. Lapho inhlabathi ishisa kuya degrees 10, ama-parasite ahlukahlukene ahlakulela kuwo, anamandla okulimaza izimpande ezincane zethenda. Kodwa futhi akunakwenzeka ukutshala izaqathe kusencane. Uma kungenjalo kuzongena emicibisholo. Izimpande kulokhu ngeke zikhule.

Isikhathi esanele sokuhlwanyela sibhekwa phakathi nango-Ephreli, lapho umoya emgwaqweni ugoqa kuze kube ngu-10-15 degrees emini kuze kufike ku-5-7 ebusuku.

Ngezinye izikhathi ukutshala kwelaqathe e-Urals kwenziwa ekwindla. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ubusika bubanda kakhulu ema-Urals, abemi bendawo baseDacha benza lokhu okungajwayelekile. Uma othile efuna ukukhetha le ndlela yokutshala, kungcono ukuhlwanyela isivuno ngemuva kokushisa kwenhlabathi kufinyelela okungenani ama-degree angu-7. Uma kungenjalo, izaqathe zizohlinzeka ngamagciwane, okuyinto emakhazeni ayobe epholile.

Ukulungiselela imbewu

Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokutshala izaqathe e-Urals - ngenyanga ka-Ephreli. Kodwa lapho kuhlwanyelwa (ngisho noma imbewu ihluma), iyokhula kancane kancane. Ukuze ungalindeli ukuvela kwamahlumela isikhathi eside kakhulu, imbewu itshalwe ngaphambi kokutshala ukuze ihlume. Ukwenza lokhu, bahlanganiswe ngendwangu emanzini (ehlanganiswe nesisombululo esingaxhunyiwe kakhulu somlotha) futhi efakwe efrijini izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Ungaqhubeka ukutshala emva kokuvela kwe-rootlets yokuqala. Imbewu idinga ukomiswa kancane (isigamu sehora).

Ukulungiselela imibhede

Ukutshala izaqathe e-Urals, njengokunye kwezinye izindawo zezwe, kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela efanele. Lesi siko sinesici esisodwa. Ngokungafani nezinye izitshalo zezimpande, ayikubekezeli umquba nhlobo. Uma ucebisa imibhede, izimpande ziyokhula "shaggy" futhi zimbi, zilahlekelwe ukunambitheka kwazo, futhi zizobe zibi kakhulu.

Nokho, udinga ukutshala inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umanyolo wamaminerali. Kuhle kakhulu ukwandisa inani lokudla okunomsoco lomhlabathi kufanelekile, isibonelo, ingxube enjalo:

• Urea - 10-15 amagremu,
• Potassium chloride - 15-20 amagremu,
• Superphosphate - 30-40 amagremu.

Lesi silinganiso somanyolo sanele cishe 1 m2 embhedeni.

Khetha indawo

Njenganoma yisiphi esinye isifunda sombuthano ophakathi, ukutshala izaqathe ezindaweni ezihlala e-Urals ngokuvamile kwenziwa endaweni yelanga. Njengoba amahlumela okuqala ekhula kancane, kunconywa ukukhetha indawo okungenani ethintekile ngokhula. Amahlumela okuhluma angenza amaphuzu. Ukuqeda isanqante efanayo kunzima kakhulu.

Izandulela phambili zezinqathe ziyikhukhamba, iklabishi, amazambane kanye utamatisi. Akakubekezeli indawo yomdanso. Uma ukhetha indawo yombhede, konke lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe. Kulesi simo, isanqante ngeke ihlukumeze futhi izothola isivuno esihle.

Ukufika

Ngakho-ke, ngemibuzo enjengokuthi isikhathi sokutshala izaqathe e-Urals, ukukhetha indawo nokuqeqesha, sesifinyelele. Manje ake sibone ukuthi yimiphi imithetho yokutshala lesi siko. Ukujula kwembewu yenanqante kuxhomeke kuhlobo lomhlabathi esakhiweni. Uma kunzima futhi ubumba, akufanele ungene ngaphakathi kokutshala okungaphezu kuka-1-1.5 cm. Emhlabathini olula, imbewu ivaliwe 2 cm.

Ukutshala izinto ezinqoleni kuncane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlwanyela kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ukuzama ukusabalalisa eceleni komgwaqo owenziwe ngaphambilini njengoba ngokulinganayo ngangokunokwenzeka. Esikhathini esizayo, izaqathe kuzodingeka zibe mncane izikhathi ezimbalwa. Lo msebenzi futhi unomthwalo wemfanelo. Ukususa izitshalo ezengeziwe, ungalimaza konke okunye. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, izakhamuzi eziningi zasehlobo zishintsha ezindleleni ezihlukahlukene.

Isibonelo, ukuhlwanyela imbewu enhlobonhlobo kaningi, ungawaxuba ngesanti esincane. Futhi kungcono ukuthenga izinto ezikhethekile zokutshala ezinqolobaneni. Kulokhu, izaqathe zingatshala njengezinye izitshalo zezimpande. Okusho ukuthi, yenza emisebeni yomhlabathi bese ufaka ku-granule ngayinye. Izitshalo zokucwenga ngale ndlela yokuhlwanyela esikhathini esizayo ngeke zidingeke ngempela. Ukutshala izaqathe kwi-Urals ku-granules - indlela empeleni elula kakhulu.

Hlanye izaqathe emigqeni, ibanga eliphakathi kuka-20 cm emkhatsini wezitshalo ngokwawo lishiya 3-4 cm ngezinhlobo ezinezimpande ezinde eside kanye no-5-10 cm for izaqathe ezinama-cone.

Ngemuva kokuba imbewu itshalwe, idinga ukufafazwa umhlaba, futhi umbhede ngokwawo kufanele uthulwe kahle. Khona-ke ebusweni bomhlaba kudlula i-rakes eguquguqukayo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ukwandise uxhumano lwembewu enomswakama wenhlabathi. Yile ndlela ama-carrot atshalwa ngayo entwasahlobo e-Urals. Uma ulandela yonke imithetho, ungathola isivuno esihle kakhulu salesi siko. Kodwa, yiqiniso, kuphela uma kukhishwa kahle.

QAPHELA

Isimo sezulu e-Urals cishe asifani nganoma iyiphi indlela kusukela ezimweni zesimo sezulu kwezinye izingxenye zendawo ephakathi kweRussia. Ihlobo lapha ngokuvamile limile. Inani elanele lomswakama ukuthi lithanda izaqathe. Ukulima ku-Urals yalezimpande kuyophumelela kuphela uma ukuchelela okuphuthumayo ngezikhathi ezithile. Ekuqaleni, inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezitshalo iyancibilikiswa kabili ngesonto, ingadli amanzi amaningi embhede.

Lapho nje i-rootlets ikhula, imvamisa yokuphuza ingancishiswa. Inhlabathi ngaphansi kwamaqathi omdala inwakanyiswa cishe kanye ngesonto, ngenkathi ukwandisa inani lamanzi.

Yondla izitshalo kabili ngesizini. Esikhundleni somquba noma umquba, isisombululo se nitroammophoska (1 st.lv per 10 l amanzi) sisetshenziswa. I-fertilizing yokuqala yenziwa inyanga emva kokuvela, okwesibili - amasonto amathathu emva kwalokho.

Ukuvuna

Isikhathi sokuqoqwa kwezitshalo ezimpande kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo. Akukubi kakhulu ama-Urals anjalo, isibonelo, izinhlobo, njenge "alenka", "tushon" ne "vitamin". Izinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zivuthwa kakhulu kakhulu. Ukukhipha izimpande zalezi zinhlobonhlobo Izakhamuzi zehlobo zase-Ural ziqala phakathi nengxenye kwezinyanga ezimbili emva kokutshala. Lesi isanqante empeleni sinambitheka futhi sinandi kakhulu.

"I-Tushon" ivuthiwe kamuva (amasonto owodwa nesigamu). Lesi isanqante sikhulu ukupheka i-pilaf. Ngisho nezimpande ezincane zinikeza isidlo into ejabulisayo.

"I-vitamin" izaqathe sekwephuzile. Izimpande zakhe zivuthiwe izinyanga ezintathu emva kokutshala. Ngokwezinto zamavithamini, njengoba kakade ingahle ihlulelwe ngegama, lena isanqante engcono kakhulu.

Njengoba ungabona, izaqathe (ezikhulayo kwi-Urals - inqubo elula) - izitshalo ezizimpande ezingenakuzithoba, kodwa zidinga ukunakwa. Uma wenza konke okulungile - ungasheshisi futhi ungabambezeli ngemigomo yokutshala, ungabeki imibhede futhi ungasebenzisi umquba, ungathola isivuno esihle kakhulu salesi sitshalo.