Yiziphi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zenhlabathi

Uma ucela umlimi, banamathele ezimisweni wezolimo organic, yiziphi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zenhlabathi, kube akungabazeki uphendule lo mbuzo ngolwazi mayelana nale ndaba. Qonda, noma okungenani ukuqonda kahle umehluko enhlabathini - ngesisekelo ezithela zalo ezinhle, efanele (funda - ohlakaniphile) Indlelanchubo wenzalo okwandisa futhi ekugcineni impilo nenhlalakahle yawo wonke umkhaya. Yiqiniso, ne ubuchwepheshe yesimanje abamabhizinisi athinta ezolimo welithi "izinhlobo inhlabathi 'eceleni ngokwengxenye walahlekelwa ukubaluleka kwayo: indlela zezimboni lalezi zimbali ezikhula kusekelwe umquba, ukukhula evuselela nezinye ukwesekwa" yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali ".

Yeka okuhlangenwe iqiniso elithakazelisayo: naphezu ukubaluleka umhlaba ngenxa yomuntu, kuze kube manje akukho ejwayelekile yomhlaba eyodwa, ngakho ngamunye izinhlobo ezweni inhlabathi ukuhumusha ngendlela yabo. Yiqiniso, izama ukwenza amazinga abangu - a "Ukwahlukanisa FAO" kanye entsha ye "semininingwane abstract inhlabathi izinsiza", kodwa ngokuphelele endabeni ethile engakaze ukuxazululwa. Njengoba isibonelo, singakhumbula le uhlelo SI: ifana nomhlaba, jikelele, kodwa emazweni amaningi namanje zisebenzisa amamayela, izinyawo, njll Ekustadisheni inhlabathi izinhlobo Russia, kungenzeka abhekane neqiniso lokuthi kuze kube manje abaningi ukusetshenziswa ngezigaba ephelelwe yisikhathi eSoviet Union, ngisho ngo-1977. ngonyaka ka ncwadi. Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi kusekelwe imisebenzi Dokuchaev Isayensi Yenhlabathi Institute 1967. Konke lokhu naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi e ukukhanya 2004 yanyathelisa uhlelo olusha ngokuphelele "ngezigaba entsha".

Ekulinganisweni izinhlobo nenhlabathi, kubalulekile ukuqonda umahluko phakathi imigomo "kwezinhlobo" futhi "uhlobo". Ngakho, uhlobo inhlabathi iyunithi ngezigaba ekhombisa umfutho umehluko kanye ukushuba izinqubo inhlabathi endaweni kubhekwe, okuyinto isisekelo uhlobo ajwayelekile amayunithi ukuze, uhlobo subtype. Lesi sakamuva, esikhundleni salokho, uphiko nje okungaqondile of ngezigaba, okuyinto enquma inani izakhiwo, ngokusekelwe izici inhlabathi kumiswa izinqubo kanye izindlela. Iphinde uyakucabangela khathizwe zofuzo.

Ngakho, kukhona lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo inhlabathi:

- Peatlands. uvundile impela. Izici ezikhethekile zihlanganisa kungenzeka subsidence ezingeni kanye waterlogging kancane kancane. Upland amaMoor, njengoba umthetho, nika ukusabela acid, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba acabangele futhi bafune ukubuyisela ibhalansi phakathi acid futhi ane-alikhali. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ezindaweni ezincane kungenzeka ukwengeza lime noma umlotha.

- Solontsy. Igama ngokwalo asikisela ukuthi lezi nenhlabathi abacebile usawoti (ukudla efanayo, NaCl). Lapho iqhwa liyancibilika ukugcina umswakama isikhathi eside, futhi ngemva iphele ebe yizikhwepha ngokweqile. Ayikho ukulungiselela kunzima ukuthola isivuno. Ngokuvamile ngomnyaka wokuqala wokwenza Gypsum noma lime, kanti eyesibili - Umanyolo (umquba).

- Sand. Ngenxa okuqukethwe eliphezulu isihlabathi enhlabathini enjalo ngokulambisa kugcina umswakama kanye ungakuvumeli ukuba kumiswa humus ungqimba. Humus wanezela (owodwa 10-litre ibhakede per imitha square) futhi ngezikhathi ezithile - izinhlayiya zobumba esibophezelayo.

- Clay. It oluhlala umswakama, ekuvimbeleni nokukhula okuvamile izitshalo. Ngokuvamile-ke ukudukiswa. Nciphisa ukuminyana ngokungeza humus, Turf acid "iqeda" lime. Lapho ekwindla ukumba imibhede kokushiya ezinkulu.

The main izinhlobo inhlabathi ethulwa uhlu sasivumela olunzulu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa mhlabathi omnyama, inhlabathi yasehlathini, edlelweni, enkangala, isihlabathi, ensundu, ompunga, njll Kukhona abantu indlela okulula ekutholeni uhlobo :. Isidingo ukuthatha nedlanzana emhlabeni ezimanzi (kungabikho ukungcola, akukho bechitha ka ukoma), umqulu izingodo, bese uzama ukuhlanganisa onqenqemeni "ku Ungalokothi." I Roll up, kodwa ewela ngaphandle - nenhlabathi sandy. Ayikho ilele - ubuswa isihlabathi. Crack "bagel" - kusho loam. Zonke iphuma kahle futhi axhunyiwe - emhlabathini webumba. Ngaphinde nilalele ukuthi lesi senzakalo kufanele kwenziwe umswakama okuqukethwe elikhulu.