I-Arctic Ocean

I-Arctic Ocean itholakala e-Arctic, ngokwengxenye APC. Izwe ababemzungezile cishe kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. It ikakhulu inquma izici yayo yemvelo: sezulu, izici kwamanzi. I-Arctic Ocean luncane kuzo zonke izilwandle emhlabeni.

amanzi Border abalale yonke iNhlonhlo zaseScandinavia kuya Faroe futhi Shetland Islands, e iBering Sea, Davis Strait futhi Danish. Ngalezi besebunzimeni-Arctic Ocean baxhumana zasePacific naseNyakatho-Atlantic.

ugu kuyahluka asike izidumbu zabantu ngokwanele. Sea e-Arctic Ocean hlala kwesigamu yonke indawo. Linani selilonkhe lebantfu labange ayisishiyagalolunye. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke i-Norwegian, kanye kencanikhulu - White Sea. Ngo amanzi eziningi esiqhingini archipelagos, futhi ezimele iziqhingi ngabanye.

Cishe ingxenye yabo yonke indawo eshalofini phansi lisiphatheleni. Ngasogwini Eurasia eshalofini strip yayiphawuleka ngokuthambekela ububanzi akhethekile ukumboza emakhulwini amaningi amakhilomitha. Nasemifantwini ephansi olwandle kuyinto imicengezi eziningana ukuthi asetshenziswa emikhulu kwamanzi. Isakhi esiyinhloko impumuzo phansi ubhekwa umgogodla Haeckel, okuyinto uyaqhubeka Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Gqwa futhi uMendeleyev Sukumani Lomonosov, amaChukchi.

Arctic Ocean placer ocebile ezifakwa onesigqi esinamandla (stannous nabanye). Inzika kwakheka eshalofini endaweni emfuleni inhlabathi. Iphinde usathole amahlanu uwoyela negesi Amasimu, ezinye zazo sebeqala ukuba athuthukiswe.

isikhundla Polar esithatha Arctic Ocean, kunemtselela izimfanelo sezulu layo. Phezu kwamanzi kwakhiwa futhi wabusa unyaka wonke arctic emoyeni mass. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa isilinganiso emoyeni lehliselwa amadigri amane, izinga iseduze zero ehlobo. Phakathi nosuku polar, ngenxa ikhono iqhwa ibonisa kakhulu emisebeni ilanga, isimo sezulu siba kakhulu. Inani kwezulu ewela phezu kolwandle phakathi nonyaka, ezisukela yikhulu amamilimitha angu angamakhulu amabili.

Ngo-Arctic Ocean siqukethe ekusakazeni inemandla yamanzi afudumele. Ukuhambisa ukuya empumalanga nokuya enyakatho, amanzi ayazika futhi okunosawoti ofudumele zifakwa ngaphansi akunjalo anosawoti omningi, kodwa ngamanzi abandayo. Lokhu kusakaza kuyingxenye eNyakatho ye-Atlantic yamanje. ukugeleza Transarctic kwenza Atlantic ngokusebenzisa Denmark Strait ice amanzi polar. Lokhu ukuhamba iqondiswa kusukela empumalanga kuya entshonalanga, ezivela eMpumalanga eSiberia futhi amaChukchi Sea.

I ekhona umbuso kwamanzi nokuphila olwandle alondolozwa ukushisa namanzi exchange ne izilwandle ezizungezile. Amanzi uquqaba supply njalo ukushisa isekelwa Atlantic amanzi inflow. It kwandisa izinga lokushisa futhi kunciphisa amandla ka amanzi emifula okukhulu kusukela ensimini yase-Nyakatfo Melika eYurophu nase-Asia. Phakathi nengxenye enkulu ye-kwamanzi, izinga lokushisa uphansi futhi iseduze kwezinga-qhwa (uma sikhona usawoti), akha elilodwa lokususa ezimbili degrees. Ehlobo izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ukuba ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili degrees ngenhla zero kuphela zindawo sub-arctic.

Ice ukhona unyaka wonke. Lokhu kuwuphawu imvelo wasolwandle. Okuvame kakhulu iphakethe - kweminyaka eminingi ice, ogama ukujiya - kusuka ngamamitha amabili kuya amane nokuningi. Ebusika ukukhiqiza ice ezingaphezu kuka Udambisa ngesikhathi sasehlobo; izinsalela eyenziwa phakathi Atlantic Ocean.

Isisindo ngesisekelo amanzi begazi siqukethe abandayo nemithi diatoms. Ziyakwazi ezivamile kokubili phezu eqhweni futhi emanzini. Ezindaweni zase-Atlantic esifundeni ukusabalala phytoplankton futhi zooplankton, benthic ulwelwe lapho. Esikhathini izilwandle nezilwandle siphile zinhlobo commercial zezinhlanzi (i-halibut, cod nesafroni, cod, njll). Phakathi izilwane ezincelisayo walruses ezivamile, amabhere, izimvu zamanzi, Beluga.