Ukuqonda kanjani ukuthi unesifo se-Lyme?

Isifo se-Lyme yisifo sokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya esasakazwa ngezingoma zomuthi. Izimpawu zalo zigcwele futhi zingase zibe nezinsuku ezingu-3-30 emva kokulunywa. Isifo se-Lyme kunzima ukuyihlolisisa, ngoba ibhethri ephethe lesi simo ngokuvamile ibangela izimpawu ezilingisa ezinye izifo ezivamile, isibonelo, umkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Ochwepheshe abaningi bayavuma ukuthi isifo seLyme yinkinga enkulu, okuyinto minyaka yonke idlondlobala, naphezu yonke imizamo ehlose ukuvimbela nokwelashwa kokutheleleka.

Ukubunzima kokuxazulula le nkinga futhi ukuthi iziguli ezine-Lyme sifo zivame ukutholakala ngephutha nge-syndrome engapheliyo, i-fibromyalgia, i-multiple sclerosis noma izifo ezihlukahlukene ezingqondweni, kuhlanganise nokucindezeleka. Ngenxa yokungatholakali okungahambi kahle nokuphindaphindiwe okubonakalayo kwezimpawu, isifo se-Lyme sisho ngokungafanele ngokuthi "umlingisi omkhulu". I-bacterium ebangela lesi simo ingathinta ubuchopho nesistimu yezinzwa, inhliziyo, imisipha namalungu.

Izibalo

Ama-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention athi minyaka yonke ama-288 kuya ku-329,000 amacala abhaliswe e-United States. Isibonelo, ngo-2015, amaphesenti angaba ngu-96 azo zonke izigameko ezibhekene nezifo ze-Lyme zenzeka ku-14 athi: iConnecticut, iDelaware, iMaine, iMadman, iMassachusetts, eMinnesota, eNew Hampshire, eNew Jersey, eNew York, ePennsylvania, e-Rhode Island, eVermont , Virginia naseWisconsin. Izigameko zesifo seLyme ziye zabikwa kuwo wonke amazwekazi, ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica.

Njengoba odokotela bavame ukwenza izifo eziphuthumayo ekubhekaneni nesifo seLyme, indlela yokuhlola lesi simo kufanele ihluke kakhulu kwezinye izifo, kodwa akunjalo. Izinto ezibangelwa ingozi kanye nezimpawu zalesi sifo zingachazwa kangcono ngalabo odokotela abasebenza ngokukhethekile kule nkinga.

1. NgoLwesithathu

Akuwona wonke ama-mites angakuphazamisa ngesifo se-Lyme. Izilwane ezinobungozi zihlala kuphela endaweni enokhuni noma enotshani. Uma uchitha isikhathi samahhala endalweni, faka, isibonelo, ukamisa amatende, noma uhlala endaweni yehlathi, bese uhlala endaweni engozini enkulu.

2. Ukushaya

Ngenxa yokuthi ukutheleleka kudluliselwa ngesikhalazo, abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi bathola kalula. Kodwa akulula kakhulu. Iqiniso liwukuthi abantu abaningi abanegciwane lesifo seLyme baye bashaywa ngamagciwane amancane afana nenani le-poppy. Ubukhulu obuncane bezinambuzane kanye nokuluma okungenabuhlungu kaningi kungabonakali umuntu.

3. Rash

Ukuqhwala isikhumba esiluhlaza kuyisibonakaliso esinokwethenjelwa sokuthi ukhonjwe umkhaza. Ubukhulu be-rash buyahlukahluka kakhulu, ngoba kuxhomeke kumuntu nokuthi umzimba wakhe uphendukela kanjani kuluma. Kodwa-ke, indawo yokuluma ngokuvamile ivimba, futhi ngezigaba kamuva, imibuthano ebomvu ihlukana nayo. Ngokwezibalo, kuphela abantu abangu-65% abanegciwane abanesifo esiphelele.

4. Izimpawu zomkhuhlane

Abanye abantu baqala ukukhombisa izimpawu ezifana nezibonakaliso zomkhuhlane: ukukhathala, ubuhlungu emisipha kanye namalungu, umkhuhlane, ikhanda, ukuqina entanyeni nasezikhukhuleni.

Odokotela bavame ukudidisa isifo seLyme ngophuhlane, okuholela ekuguleni kwesimo sesiguli. Uma izimpawu zomkhuhlane ziqhubeka futhi ziba nzima kakhulu ngemva kwezinsuku ezintathu kuya kweziyisikhombisa (isigaba "esibucayi"), kunomqondo ophezulu wokuthi ukuxilongwa akulungile futhi utheleleke ngombala, ikakhulu uma ngabe kukhona izimpawu ezingenhla ezivela.

5. Ukungabi namandla emisipha yobuso

Lesi isibonakaliso esabekayo kakhulu okufanele sikwenze ukhathazeke. Ububumbulu nobubuthakathaka bemisipha ebusweni buvame ukuvela ngenxa yokulimala kwemizwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu ngokuvamile zithinta uhlangothi olulodwa lwesbuso (ukukhubazeka kukaBell). Uma ubona ukubopha noma ubuthakathaka buso, masinyane uthintane nodokotela.

6. Izinkinga zokuphefumula noma zenhliziyo

Izimpawu zokuphefumula noma izinhliziyo zomzimba zihlanganisa ubuhlungu besifuba, ama-palpitations kanye ne-dyspnea. Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezihambisana nesifo seLyme zihlanganisa ikhadi likaLyme. Kuyinto yokugula okusheshayo okuqhubekayo kokuxhumeka kwamagciwane ezinhlakeni zenhliziyo. Ngisho noma lezi zimpawu zincane, okuvame ukuqala kokugula, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha.

7. Izinkinga zokuhlushwa nokukhumbula

Esikhathini sesigaba esilandelayo sesifo seLyme, imisebenzi eyinhloko yobuchopho ingathinteka. Njengomthetho, izinkinga zokuhlushwa nokukhumbula zivela kanyekanye nobuhlungu emlenzeni nasebuthakathaka bomzimba.

8. Ukuvuvukala

Ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukutheleleka kungabangela izimpawu ze-arthritis. Ubuhlungu obuningi emajoyini, ukuvuvukala (ikakhulukazi emadolweni), ukuphazamiseka noma ukumboza ezandleni nasezinyaweni yizibonakaliso ezingenzeka zibe yisifo seLyme.

Uma ubuhlungu emadolweni nokuvuvukala kube nzima, unganciphisa okwesikhashana ubuhlungu ngosizo lwamathuluzi afana ne-Ibuprofen. Noma kunjalo, kungcono kakhulu ukuthola usizo lwezokwelapha.

Indlela yokuvimbela ukutheleleka ngesifo seLyme

I-National Health Service (NHS) yaseBrithani ephakamisa izinyathelo zokuvimbela ezilandelayo:

• Gwema utshani obukhulu ngesikhathi sokuhamba.
• Gqoka izingubo ezivaliwe (ihembe elinemikhono emide, i-trousers) ezindaweni ezithintekile ngemikhaza.
• Sebenzisa ukuphikisana nezinambuzane esikhwameni esivelele.
• Ngemuva kokuhamba, hlola isikhumba samakhansela, kufaka phakathi izibhamu, ubuhlungu kanye nesinqe.
• Ukuhlola ikhanda nentamo yezingane ngemuva kokuhamba ezindaweni ezingase zibe yingozi.
• Ukuhlola izilwane ezifuywayo ngemuva kokuhamba emgwaqeni, njengoba imikhaza ingabambelela emanzini abo.