Ukuqala empini. Indima Russia

Omkhulu Northern neMpi kwalwiwa phakathi Sweden kanye umfelandawonye uthi enyakatho. Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili, esikhathini kusuka 1700 kuya 1721 futhi saphela ngokukhululwa kokunqotshwa Sweden. Iqhaza main e ukunqoba kungokwalabo Russia. Lokhu uye wamnika ehamba phambili isikhundla kwezempi phakathi kwamazwe aseYurophu.

Phakathi nonyaka wakhe wokuqala empini

Ukugqashuka kwempi e-Sweden savela kahle. Njalo lo wayelodadewabo lasolwandle eqinile futhi ibutho unqambothi. Sweden ekuqaleni ehlaselwa omakhelwane bayo - Poland, Denmark, eRussia. Amasosha bakwazi wasithatha eningi ezweni, labo ababebanga ukuba umbhikisho omkhulu nokunganeliseki. Konke lokhu kuye kwabangela ukuba iqiniso lokuthi omakhelwane omonile, ukukha i esikahle, yenza isivumelwano ngokumelene Sweden. Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu ekuqaleni kweMpi Northern. Izisusa ilula kakhulu: ukuze ubuyele nendawo eyayikade, kuyilapho Russia ayihlanganyele isikwele eseduze noLwandle iBaltic.

Ukusabela Allies

Ukugqashuka kwempi obekumele ukufunda. Sibambe abasha iNkosi uCharles XII, oMfelandawonye babekhuphukela ukuhlasela Sweden ezinhlangothini ezintathu. Kodwa ngemva kokufunda ngezingozi ukuthi ubhekene, uKarl XII banquma ukuhlukana nabaphikisi ngamunye ngamunye. Ngenxa yalokho, ekuqaleni kwempi waqhubeka ehlukile kakhulu. isigaba Swedish ngamabhomu Copenhagen baphoqa ibutho thela. Kwakuwusuku kuphela sizana eRussia, okuyinto kwadingeka lwemikhumbi, okuyinto nezilima kakhulu amabutho amandla ahlangene.

Russia waphoqeleka ukuba ngokushesha ukwenza okuthile. ibutho laso, ababebalelwa abantu abayizinkulungwane 35, ekuqaleni ukuvinjezelwa Narva. Nokho, ngo-November 20, 1700, uKarl XII kanye nebutho lakhe inflicted buhlungu kwasani. amabutho Russian baye balahlekelwa omkhulu. sina Lokhu ukunqotshwa libukelwa phansi isikhundla Russia enkundleni ngamazwe.

Miscalculation kaCharles XII

Ngakho, ekuqaleni kwempi ukuze oMfelandawonye kwaba ezingezinhle kakhulu. Sweden ebhaliwe ngokushesha off kokulandisa Russia, bekholelwa ukuthi isitha kuphela kule mpi iyona Rzeczpospolita. Ukwehluleka kuphela omnene uhlamvu uPetru. Waqala ukuqeqeshwa ezihlosiwe ukulwa. Sakhela izivikelo, ukuqasha kuphinde amasosha ukuqeqeshwa.

A sizana okunokwethenjelwa emzabalazweni Sweden Russia baba Saxony. Peter uye besekele inkosi. Ngo ukubonga, wathembisa ukwenza atholakale Saxon ibutho ruble ayizigidi ezingamashumi amabili namakhulu eziyikhulu namashumi ngonyaka.

Nokho, lesi oMfelandawonye waqala ekulweni. Uchungechunge ngokunqoba phezu Sweden. Bona zazibaluleke kakhulu, kusukela nokuvusa intshisekelo isimo ngemva kokunqotshwa at Narva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu zabasiza zenza ekuqaleni kulwiwa.

libuyisele amanzi njalo amabutho alungiselwe ukulwa, uPetru wazama yokuthuthukisa ubuhlobo bethu Sweden wanikela kuthula. Nokho, Sweden engathandi ukuqaphela ukuthi iRussia iwine ilungelo lokufinyelela noLwandle iBaltic. Ngaphezu Russia wangabaza Britain futhi kuncike kubangane bawo. Nazo ngokufanayo, babenovalo lokuthi uma impi Sweden ungenela impi of the Succession waseSpain, futhi kuyoba ohlangothini French.

Ngenxa yalokho besizukulwane seMpi Northern wahlala iminyaka eminingi futhi okwabulala izinkulungwane zabantu. Russia inqobe kumhambela. It hhayi kuphela Elizuziwe ngaphambilini lost endaweni kodwa sizuze amasha.