Le ndawo yase-Iran. Population umngcele Iran isici

Iran ingenye uthi ngobukhulu Asian. It elisemngceleni namazwe ezifana Iraq, Turkey, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan futhi Armenia. Inhloko-dolobha kuyinto Tehran. Iran - ezweni lakhe ensimini ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka edlule kwaku izikhungo lokuqala impucuko womuntu. Yiziphi izici eziyinhloko kuleli zwe?

Ikhaya Imininingwane nezici kwendawo Iran

Ingxenye eyinhloko yezwe isendaweni ithafa Iranian. Lapha Plateau eyayihambisana emathafeni okusezingeni eliphezulu. Engxenyeni esenyakatho yezwe kunentaba ephakeme Elbrus. It is ahlukaniswe strip encane iCaspian emathafeni. Isimo sezulu yezwe - a nakwezifudumele ezwekazini. emfuleni Iranian, njengoba umthetho, kukhona engajulile. Emachibini ezinkulu - Urmia futhi Hamun.

Konke endaweni Iran ihlukaniswe ngezigodi 27, noma ngokuthi "yekani". Imizi ngobukhulu kukhona Esfahan, Tabriz, Urmia, Abadan, Mashhad. Isakhiwo Iran sihlanganisa eminye iziqhingi, elise Gulf kanye WaseTurkey. Inani endaweni Iran - abayizigidi ezingu 1.65 km ^2. Isimo ivuliwe endaweni 17 emhlabeni ngokuya endaweni. lwemali Iran sika lwemali Rial.

umnotho

Ingcenye eqakathekileko yomsebenzi endaweni Iran unothe amaminerali. Lokhu manganese, ithusi, i-chromium, i-zinc-ore. Ukudla ezohwebo okhaphethi namantongomane, kanye imikhiqizo yokudoba. Iningi labantu abahlala endaweni Iran, waziphatha emkhakheni wezolimo. Enye yezinkinga eziyinhloko iyona ongaphakeme kwenhlabathi nasekulondolozweni ukuntuleka kwamanzi ahlanzekile ukunisela. Cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu sebebonke abasebenzi. Isikhathi esiningi kungcono intsha.

labantu

Ensimini ka Iran iyikhaya amaqembu abantu bendabuko angaphezu kuka-60. Ngokwengxenye enkulu kuba namaPheresiya - bahlala ezingxenyeni eseningizimu nemaphakathi yezwe. Esikhathini gilaks enyakatho bukhoma, Mazanderani abantu, Talysh. On ezindaweni entshonalanga - Kurds, Lurs, Bakhtiaris, ngasempumalanga - Pashtuns, Baluchis, Tajiks. Zonke lezi zizwe kukhona zinhlanga efana namaPheresiya. Kuyaziwa ukuthi Iran ingenye mazwe "omncane engenathi" emhlabeni wonke. Isibalo izakhamizi abangekho abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-15 cishe 25%. Ngakusasa ngobukhulu isizwe - Azerbaijanis. Kulinganiselwa ahlukahlukene, inani kwazo kuvela 20% kuya ku-40% abantu sebebonke. Kungani inombolo enkulu kangaka Azerbaijanis ophilayo nhlangothi zombili emikhawulweni Iran? Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngokomlando insimu ka Azerbaijan samanje iyingxenye Iranian uhlelo uhulumeni. Bayingxenye yomphakathi Iranian. A Kurds bukhoma (kusuka 5% kuya ku-10% wezindleko) engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-Iran. Inani labantu abantu abayizigidi 78,4.

Izilimi e-Iran

Yiziphi izilimi nkinga ivame kakhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kweningi Iran? Ngenxa yalokhu, kunezindlela eziningi engaqondile. Iningi Iran kukhona namaPheresiya Ukwakheka yobuhlanga. Ngakho-ke, bathi kuye: e Persian, noma isiFarsi. Persian - the obanzi kunayo phakathi kweqembu Iranian sesihlahla som ulimi Indo-European. Anakho abangaba yizigidi ezingu-50 Izipikha e-Iran (okuyinto kuka 80% abantu sebebonke).

Hhayi isiFarsi kuphela siwulimi olusemthethweni e-Iran - ke ukuxhumana izakhamuzi Afghanistan, Tajikistan kanye Pamirs. Kukhona futhi ambalwa imiphakathi abasebenzisa WasePheresiya Iraq, United Arab Emirates, Yemen. Ukuze ngokubhala isiFarsi abathwali komtshina Ushintshe zamagama Arabic - ke ungeze izincwadi ezimbalwa abekho Arabhu. ulimi Persian iqukethe inqwaba amayunithi lucebe lathathwa Arabhu. Lolu limi uye wathonya Persian ngenxa Ukunqoba ekhulwini 7th.

Yomlando Persian

IsiFarsi has ngempela anomlando omude. Imithombo lokuqala ulimi Persian lasendulo basonta 1st yeminyaka BC. e. Nakuba esetshenziswa kabanzi we-cuneiform. Inguqulo endala ye isiFarsi kwavele ukuguqulwa iminyaka eyizinkulungwane 2. Mayelana 1 yeminyaka n. e. inkathi Ephakathi Persian, owawungumnyaka ulimi olusemthethweni Empire Sassanid. Esikhathini 7th ekhulwini BC. e. kwakukhona izinguquko zezombusazwe - indawo Persian incotjwa Arabhu. Ngaleso sikhathi, Ephakathi Persian wayekujabulela lokhu encane ayehlakazekele Zoroastrian neqembu ngokobuhlanga Parsis eNdiya.

Esigabeni esilandelayo - ulimi okusha Persian, okuyinto sihlanganisa tincenye Arab. Kusukela ngekhulu IX, isiFarsi ngokushesha okukhulu yazuza isimo ulimi lwesibili etemibhalo emhlabeni wonke Muslim. Okwamanje isiFarsi sihluke kakhulu classical ulimi okusha WasePheresiya. Lezi umehluko kuyabonakala yokubiza nokubhala, kanye nolwazimagama. Isisekelo inkulumo elihambisana imithetho sitayela kolimi, Tehran kuyinto isandiso.

uMongameli Iranian

Njengamanje, inhloko Iran kuyinto Hassan Rouhani, owanqoba ukhetho Meyi 20, 2017. Zonke okhethweni iqhaza Iran abangaba yizigidi ezingu-41. Ukuze umongameli eyisibopho usevotile 57% abavoti, kuyilapho imbangi yakhe, u-Ibrahim Raisi, uvotele 38%. ilungiselelo isimo Iranian kangangokuthi umongameli uthatha indawo yesibili kwi umphumela - e sabaphathi zombusazwe inhloko yezwe kungaphansi abaholi benkolo ( "Ayatollah"). ikhanda sezenkolo likhethwa ngumkhandlu ekhethekile. Manje kuyathandeka Ali Khamenei.

isiko UKwenza iZinto ngeNdlela eNgakajayeleki yokuxhumana

Ezivakashela Iran okokuqala avame ukuba udidekile. Lapho befuna ukukhokhela amatekisi - umshayeli enqaba imali. Woza esitolo - into efanayo kwenzekani. Siyini isizathu? It kuvela ukuthi e-Iran wamukela inqubo yamasiko ngaphansi kwegama eyinkimbinkimbi "taarof". Yiqiniso, njengoba kwamanye amazwe, abantu musa uthole isipho izimpahla ezitolo noma amasevisi. Prakthiza taarof is a brand lendawo - kuyinto ibonakalisa Inhlonipho kweqiniso WasePheresiya. Uma othile abamenyiwe ukuvakashela noma eyodla, kungumsebenzi we abamenyiwe - ukudlala kanye ukahle futhi waqale wenqaba. Prakthiza taarof e-Iran cishe kunoma yisiphi isimo yokuxhumana.

ukhaphethi Famous Persian

Phakathi kwamaPheresiya abe esithi: "ingubo Persian ophelele olunembile yakhe nemaphutsa kuletinye ukungalungi." Yavela kuphi mayelana? Eqinisweni, amaphutha noma ukweqa ku okhaphethi Persian zidalwe ngamabomu. Ngakho namaPheresiya bayakulangazelela abonisa ukuthi uNkulunkulu kuphela ungakha into ephelele. Ukushiya eceleni imibuzo wenkolo, ukhaphethi Persian liyisici esibalulekile isiko Iranian. Phela, wayesefile kakade ezingaphezu kuka-2 zeminyaka. Ikhono sifake okhaphethi luvame kakhulu kwezinye izifunda - ngokwesibonelo, emzini Kashan adluliswa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.

I Qur'an uchaza inqubo kwasekelwa izwe; umhlaba wadalwa uNkulunkulu ngezinsuku eziyisithupha. I kuqala sikhala engapheli isikhala kokuba izidumbu eziyisikhombisa wasezulwini. Bese ngaphansi kwazo Welula ukhaphethi enhle kakhulu zomhlaba. Ngakho-ke, ukhaphethi e isiko Eastern lihlotshaniswa mini-imodeli lombuso kaNkulunkulu emhlabeni. ezingeni ukuchuma eMpumalanga balinganisela amatshe inombolo endlini umuntu, futhi kanjani they bayabiza. Uma ngasizathu simbe umndeni ababengenamandla okukuthola endlini yakhe embozwe okhaphethi, ke uzwela. Izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi amatshe wokuqala yasungulwa ngezizwe ayimizulane Asian lasendulo.

igolide Real Iran

Kuyaziwa ukuthi Iran eyaziwa - umkhiqizi elikhulu amaqanda, omunye imikhiqizo eqolo emhlabeni wonke. Kuyinto lapha kufika eziyivelakancane uhlobo lwayo, futhi ngaleyo ndlela eqolo. Beluga caviar is ngokuthi "Almas" kuwufanele ruble ezingaphezu kuka-2 million amakhilogremu eyodwa nje. Ubudala zezinhlanzi salokhu caviar isukela eminyakeni 60 kuya ku-100.

Futhi lokhu akuyona yonke. ukukhiqizwa Iranian of liqhakaze kukholelwa mayelana ezintathu zeminyaka. Mayelana 90% lemikhiqizo ingqikithi yalesi spice ikhiqizwa lapha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ezibizayo amagugu liqhakaze eziningi. intengo yayo imayelana ayizinkulungwane 4. ruble ngamunye igremu.

Izinkolelo-Iran Lasendulo

At the site banamuhla Iraq ne-Iran kanye kwaba eMesophothamiya. Amadolobha eziye zavela lapha endulo, izazi-mlando zanamuhla ushayele emadolobheni owawuthandwa kakhulu eMesophothamiya. Bafika sesinamandla amakhulu ngenkathi we Sassanids. Ancient isiko Iranian ezisemadolobheni kwamiswa bedle namaZoroaster futhi Manichaeism.

NamaZoroaster - inkolelo monotheistic lwasendulo. It yaqanjwa umsunguli kwegama Zarathustra. Izakhamuzi eGrisi lasendulo babekholelwa Zarathustra sefilosofi ngezinkanyezi. Bashintsha igama laleli umprofethi Zoroaster e (kusukela yamaGreki asendulo "Aster." - "inkanyezi"). Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, umprofethi owayephila phakathi II yeminyaka BC. e. Ngokusho kwesazi Meri Boys, Zarathustra wahlala ngasempumalanga endaweni iVolga.

Manichæism uvele cishe ngo III. n. e. Umprofethi wakhe kwaba Mani, noma avuse, esasifunda alalele intshumayelo 240 AD. e. ku-dolobha yoMbuso Sassanid - Ktesifont. Umprofethi Mani yayiqiniseka ukuthi zonke izinkolo ungomunye izwe. Ngesisekelo Manichaeism kwaba nezingxoxo phakathi kokuhle nokubi.

Kunezinganekwane eziningi ngokuphathelene Iran

Empeleni, e-Iran ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu ukuphepha komphakathi. Kwakamuva ezempi zenzeka lapha eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-30 edlule. Lokhu kahle sandile ngenxa izivakashi bavame ukudida Iran nase-Iraq. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi Iran eyakhelene Afghanistan kanye Iraq, esisogwini insimu yalo nakanjani ephephile. Iran - abantu inobungane futhi banomoya wokungenisa izihambi. Njalo ngonyaka lapha uphumule izivakashi abaningi abavela emazweni ehlukene.

Iran Ubuye ezingeni eliphezulu lemfundo namasiko akhona, ikakhulu phakathi kwabesifazane. Abangaphezu kwesigamu abafundi baseyunivesithi of - intombazane. Abesifazane futhi sisebenze emahhovisi angenza ibhizinisi, iqhaza okhethweni. E-Iran, abesifazane yanquma ukugqoka headscarves, kodwa musa afake isembozo sobuso ukumboza ubuso. Phakathi nengxenye elihle labantu Iran sika ozinikezele abaningi bayathanda izingubo elikhanyayo.

Iran ekhona wesithathu emhlabeni wonke inani izikhumbuzo kwamasiko we-UNESCO, owesibili ngobukhulu ngemva kwakhe Italy neGibhithe. Umlando wasePheresiya yasendulo, okuyinto uyindlalifa yesimanje Iran has ezingaphezu kuka 5 izinkulungwane. Iminyaka. Eseshilo ngasenhla ukuthi: yahlakazeka phakathi Iran, "Ngubani wavakashela Isfahan -. isigamu izwe eseliye labhekana nalo"