Womuntu nobuhlobo esikoleni njengoba indlela entsha ukuphathwa ukuphathwa yesayensi

Ekuqaleni kwawo-the-yalolucwaningo 30 kwekhulu XX eNtshonalanga waqala ukwakha izimfanelo lokuqala ukusungulwa esikoleni esisha ebuhlotsheni babantu, okwakuyoholela umphelelisi ukuthuthukiswa zakudala izikole yesayensi ukuphathwa. isidingo avuthwa sokudalwa amafomu qualitatively lensha yekubusa, esekelwe ubudlelwane obufanele kanye kwengqondo kwabantu. ibhizinisi ngamunye ngaphakathi kohlaka lo mbono lalibhekwa njengento uhlelo ahlukene emphakathini. Inhloso indlela entsha Sasiwukufakazela ukubaluleka isici womuntu njengoba element main kanye uthishanhloko yenhlangano ngempumelelo zomsebenzi, kanye ezihambayo focus kusukela umsebenzi control izisebenzi ukuphathwa.

Human ubudlelwane esikoleni. Modern yokusondela ukuphathwa

Kukholakala ukuthi ebuhlotsheni babantu esikoleni yasungulwa ososayensi Elton Mayo noMariya Parker Follett. Mayo uqhuba ucwaningo emkhakheni nogqozi lomsebenzi ngesikhathi isitshalo esifundazweni sase-Illinois, "eNtshonalanga Electric Hawthorne" kusukela ngo-1927 kuya ku-1932-th nyaka, wafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi Isimo esihle sokusebenza, eziphambili ukukhiqizwa umqondo, impahla kokuvusayo nenkokhelo okusezingeni eliphezulu - akusiyo njalo isiqinisekiso umkhiqizo okusezingeni eliphezulu lomsebenzi. Ngesikhathi sokuhlola, kwaba sobala ukuthi abasebenzi esivela hhayi kuphela bokuphila, kodwa futhi nengqondo, izidingo zomphakathi, ukungeneliseki okuholela kahle futhi nandaba ngokuphelele emsebenzini. ubudlelwane babantu Mayo esikoleni Sisuke sibonisa ukuthi ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi abasebenzi abathintekayo izinkinga ezifana ubuhlobo phakathi kwabasebenzi iqembu nokuphathwa akhawunti izinkinga ngokuhlanganyela. Amabutho zingaveli Yiqiniso ubudlelwane bebhizinisi phakathi kwabantu, futhi ngokuvamile aphakeme ukuba abe ingcindezi namandla kakhulu kwi abasebenzi kuka ukuphathwa oda. Ngokwesibonelo, izisebenzi eqenjini setha ngasese izindinganiso zazo zokuziphatha, ukuthuthukiswa kwamazinga, ngokuvamile nozakwethu sikhathazeke kabanzi ukwamukelwa collective kuka ukunyuselwa amaholo. Iqembu sathathwa ukuba bahlekise ngayo upstarts ngubani phezu ukufeza amazinga olwamukelwa, kanye "amanetha" eziye wasebenza kabi futhi benza.

nobudlelwano E. Mayo Kunconywa ukwandisa umkhiqizo lokufeza izinyathelo ezingokwengqondo yokutakula sezulu kuleli thimba, ukuthuthukisa ubudlelwano phakathi abaqashi nabasebenzi, aphathe umuntu, hhayi njengoba imoto, futhi ngiqaphela izimfanelo zakhe siqu, ezifana usizo mutual, ikhono ukuba libambisane naye, sociability.

School of yokuziphatha Sciences

Isinyathelo esilandelayo kule ukuthuthukisa imiqondo of ubudlelwano babantu isibe isayensi yokuziphatha kwabantu (behaviorism). School of ubudlelwano babantu futhi wesayensi yokuziphatha ukunikeza izimpendulo zemibuzo entsha wayesiza ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ubonise amakhono sangaphakathi umuntu ngamunye futhi unike isisusa ukukhulisa kahle. Izibalo ayisihluthulelo Amathrendi kokuziphatha babe R. Likert, C. Argyris, F. Herzberg, D. McGregor. ucwaningo Zabo izici ezifana ugqozi, ubuholi, igunya, ekuxhumaneni komphakathi, emakhonweni kanye nekhwalithi ekuphileni kwansuku zonke abasebenzi abasebenza.

Ukucacisa izinto entsha yokuziphatha imodeli control abangu ezifana: Isisebenzi nokuqaphela amathuma, ukwaneliseka ngomsebenzi, obonakaliswe enenhloso eyodwa futhi izithakazelo esiwenza, ukuxhumana nomphakathi. Futhi ubuholi lesikole of ubudlelwano babantu nesayensi kokuziphatha igxile Psychology ukuziphatha isisebenzi ngesikhathi senqubo zabasebenzi, kuncike ugqozi, ukuxhumana nosebenza nabo, inhloko yabangamashumi igunya nobuholi iqembu.