Izinsiza engokwemvelo Western eSiberia: etafuleni. Umnotho we Western eSiberia

Entshonalanga yeSiberia iyona indawo yokuhlala ye-ndawo enkulukazi yeSiberia. Zinjani imvelo kanye nemithombo yemvelo e Western aseSiberia? Kukanjani nakwezomnotho wesifunda?

geography

Ngaphambi kokufunda mayelana nemithombo yemvelo Western eSiberia, sizoxoxa yalo kwendawo. Isifunda itholakala endaweni ephakathi koMfula Yenisei empumalanga yezintaba zase-Ural entshonalanga. Kusukela umngcele enyakatho ebizwa ngokuthi amatheku yoLwandle Kara, futhi eningizimu - Altai Izintaba naseKazakhstan.

Nge indawo 2.5 million amakhilomitha square eNtshonalanga yeSiberia kucishe 15% endaweni ingqikithi isimo. EKemerovo, Omsk, Novosibirsk, saseTomsk futhi Tyumen izifunda, Respublika Altay kanye Altai Territory - konke Western eSiberia. Izinto ezingokwemvelo yesifunda ziyingxenye ebalulekile yomnotho.

Amaningi ala masimu Itholakala West laseSiberia Plain, ngaphakathi kwalo kukhona ayimigodi ezimbili ezinkulu, ahlukaniswe lamagquma laseSiberia. Engxenyeni eseningizimu-mpumalanga yesifundazwe yasehlanzeni ekuqaleni, ukufinyelela unyawo Altai Mountains.

izimo zezulu

izimo zemvelo kanye nemithombo Western eSiberia kuthiwa kuhlobene nomunye. Ubunjalo ezinye ithonya ekwakhekeni abanye. Isifunda Itholakala enkabeni yaleli zwekazi, ngakho lapho kwamiswa sezulu yezwekazi. Budebuduze Arctic Ocean uye wakwenza baqinisa nokhahlo. Massif southeast ukuvimbela Ukungena efudumele futhi zinomswakama emoyeni quba ohlangothini Asian.

Ukuze Western eSiberia ejwayelekile isikhathi abandayo ebusika nge lokushisa esiphezulu afinyelela ku-degree -60. Umhlabathi lapha ube yiqhwa esheshayo, sandla ukusabalala eyiqhwa. Summer lishisa, ikakhulukazi eningizimu, okushisa ongafinyelela 30-35 ° C.

Ngokusho izici kwakhiwa asemaqeleni asemaqeleni,, ihlathi-emathafeni nezimfunda. izinsiza sezulu engokwemvelo Western baseSiberia buthatha ngempela efanelekayo wezolimo. Ezindaweni asemaqeleni ngokwanele izinsuku efudumele futhi imvula, iningi olungena ehlobo, ukutshala okusanhlamvu kanye nezitshalo zezimboni.

imithombo yamanzi

izinsiza kwamanzi engokwemvelo Western eSiberia amelwa ezihlukahlukene komhlaba. Isifunda itholakala umcengezi Artesian, ezingxenyeni ezahlukene aligugu emanzini angahluka kakhulu.

Umcebo main semilambo, kukhona kungathi izinkulungwane ezimbili. Inethiwekhi emfuleni esikhundleni mncane futhi iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi sendawo nesimo sezulu. I ezinkulu ob, Yenisei, Irtysh. Basuke izimpawu iqhwa ezikhuluphalisiweyo yasentwasahlobo - ekwindla kanye ehlobo. Ngenxa sezwe flat nezincane isivinini emthambekeni emifuleni, ngokuvamile encane.

Yiqiniso, umfula - akusiwona konke has Western eSiberia. Izinto ezingokwemvelo futhi wenze echibini, okuyinto esifundeni abangaphezu kwesigidi, nasemaxhaphozini. Ngu imvelaphi ukuhlukanisa thermokarst namachibi moraine-glacial. Ukuze ingxenye esifundeni Ural libhekene khona inkungu-emachibini. sici ngokuyinhloko ukwehla elibukhali amanzi amazinga ehlobo, kuze ukunyamalala ngokuphelele.

izinsiza ihlathi

izindawo zemvelo ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu ageleze kahle zibe omunye nomunye. Ngaphakathi accordance nga lo ushintsho kanye nemithombo yemvelo ka Western eSiberia. Ezindaweni eningizimu ngenxa semali isihlabathi ubuswa zikaphayini. Ensimini ka-Altai ezivamile primordial omnyama ehlathini.

Ukuze ihlathi libhekene utshani, utshani kanye utshani izimila, birch kanye aspen. Izoni ihlathi ibanga amakhilomitha angu-1,000. Sihlanganisa ehlathini nohlaza exhaphozini. Lapha sikhule zezihlahla, ezifana sonwele eSiberia kanye pine, * nomthidari, kanye birch kanye aspen.

-tundra kuyinto indawo esemngceleni phakathi ngokwayo futhi ehlathini nezimfunda. Alternately, engatholakala ezindaweni ezinamaxhaphozi, nasemahlathini evulekile nezihlahla. izindawo Ihlathi zitholakala ngokuyinhloko emfuleni izigodi. Ithanda zivezwa larches. Tundra libhekene wona kanye ulele, izihlahla, utshani ongaphakeme. Lapha ungathola amajingijolo, raspberry, cloudberry, zinhlobo yemifino of willow kanye birch.

inhlabathi

Esikhathini asemaqeleni kanye foothill ezifundeni Western eSiberia basakaza onsundu nenhlabathi futhi inhlabathi evundile, okuvumela ukuba usebenzise lesi indawo ukutshala izitshalo ezihlukahlukene. Esikhathini eningizimu kukhona lwemithombo nosawoti ikhotha.

Ngenhla asemaqeleni izifunda zitholakala amasayithi nenhlabathi podzolic futhi wapheka-podzolic. Ukuze endaweni ihlathi libhekene amanzi abampofu zenhlabathi, kuholela ekwakhekeni kwamaxhaphozi entsha nasemahlathini. On the amaxhaphozi kwakhiwa semihydromorphic futhi floodplains - anesihlabathi nenhlabathi.

Tundra-gley futhi peaty izindawo sici for ezisenyakatho Western eSiberia. Inhlabathi wenzalo kuthinte kakhulu eyiqhwa. Ngokungafani nezinye, izindawo ikakhulukazi ebiyelwe ngamapulangwe gleying uzwakalise hhayi kakhulu.

amaminerali

Ngesisekelo imithombo yendalo esifundeni kuyinto imithombo yemvelo ngokungadingekile. Amafutha kanye negesi - lokho abadumile Western eSiberia. Izinto ezingokwemvelo nezolimo, okusekelwe kuwo, ziyingxenye ebalulekile ye jikelele emnothweni kazwelonke. On endaweni West uwoyela laseSiberia negesi ezindaweni eziyisithupha. Amasimu ngobukhulu uwoyela yiwona ob, Mamontovskoye, Samotlor. Negesi Amasimu zitholakala Yamalo-Nenets esise.

Nasengxenyeni eseningizimu kukhona ngobukhulu emayini yamalahle kule ndawo. Esikhathini Altai Territory, eKemerovo isifunda Intaba Shoria kukhona idiphozithi yanoma magnetite imikhando. EWestern eSiberia, misela manganese netshe, nepheline, bauxite.

Altai Territory amumethe polymetallic, tungsten molybdenum, nensimbi, zirconium imikhando, igolide, i-zemabula, e namachibi asemaqeleni aqukethe usawoti kanye soda. Esikhathini eKemerovo esifundeni kukhona idiphozithi yanoma dolomite limestone, ubumba refractory. Omsk esifundeni ine izinqolobane titanium emkhandweni wensimbi.

Izinsiza engokwemvelo Western eSiberia (bheka ithebula)

Sekuyisikhathi eside i iminotfo yemvelo esifundeni bamkhonza asisekelo sekutfutfukisa kwemikhakha eyehlukene yomnotho (bheka. Ithebula).

Izinto ezingokwemvelo nokuphepha kwezemvelo Western eSiberia

Ezokuphepha esifundeni is impela high izinsiza obuhlukahlukene. Ibanga ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu futhi waba nesandla ekwakhiweni kwezindawo eziningana yemvelo, okuyinto ihluke nomunye uhlaza nekhava inhlabathi, umfula imibuso futhi umfula inethiwekhi kwabantu, izimo zezulu.

Entshonalanga yeSiberia has ezinkulukazi ezingaba kwezezimboni nakwezolimo. Inhlabathi evundile eningizimu kukhona ekahle kakhulu yokutshala izimila. Rich izimfunda herbal ukunikeza nedlelo, base beba imfuyo. Ngo umkhakha, ezindaweni eziningi asethuthukile uwoyela, igesi namalahle, kanye izinkuni. Isifunda akhishwa ezingaphezu kuka-70% azo zonke uwoyela Russian.

Ukuthuthukiswa uwoyela negesi Amasimu nezinkuni kuthuthukisa ukukhula kwezomnotho, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo iyisici main ukungcolisa imvelo. Umphumela komsebenzi zezimboni esebenzayo nokungcoliswa kwamanzi, okuyinto yena, kuholela ukuntula imithombo yamanzi.

Zibulale ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane. Lokhu kunomthelela oqonde ngqo ku emoyeni nasenhlabathini. Umhlaba ayisasebenzi efanelekayo wezolimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isizinda ngokweqile nokungafanele kwemithombo yemvelo kungabangela itjhuguluko engekhe yalungiseka ukunciphisa amasheya abo.