Imifula olukhulu emhlabeni. Imifula elikhulu kunawo wonke embusweni

Umlando wesintu bekulokhu ngqo okuhlobene izidumbu amanzi - akusiyo kuphela umsuka, kodwa futhi ukuthuthukiswa impucuko ezilwandle umfula kanye nasogwini zezilwandle. NgeNkathi Ephakathi amandla ne lwemikhumbi ibusa iplanethi. Kuze kube namuhla, umphumela amanzi ku ukuphila komuntu nawo njengomnyango mkhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukutadisha emifuleni ayinakuba nje yokuchitha isizungu ukwazi, kodwa futhi indlela engcono ukuqonda umlando wesintu futhi ubuhlobo phakathi izinqubo ezahlukene. Ngokuyinhloko kuwufanele ukunaka emikhulu kakhulu, owaziwa nemifudlana abalulekile Zomhlaba.

Nile

Nakuba hhayi emfuleni ejulile emhlabeni, kodwa isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke le ebaluleke kakhulu. Itholakala ezwekazini lase-Afrika. Nile yinde kunazo - ubude bayo, kanye ukuthutheleka Kagera elilingana 6671 km. Umfula unqamula endaweni ka eRwanda, eTanzania, e-Uganda, Sudan ne-Egypt, emazweni wale mithandazo ukuwela uLwandle LwaseMedithera. Pool siqukethe ukusakaza ezimbili - White futhi zomfula iBlue Nile, futhi ihlanganisa cishe izinkulungwane ezintathu amakhilomitha square. nemingenela Major - kuyinto Sobat, Atbara futhi Bahr el Ghazal. On the nomlambo iNayili wazalwa wemiphakathi ephucuke yokuqala eyaziwayo isintu ngesikhathi esifanayo, lo mfula kwahlala isikhathi eside yayingaziwa nhlobo. Kuze kube wabahloli yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye uhambo yonkana nezwekazi, uzama ukuthola umthombo, futhi lokhu naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umzamo wokuqala wenza abeLungu e 1613. Leli chibi lingamamitha futhi Victoria, amanzi umfula agcwaliswa ngenxa yezimvula njalo endaweni. Isici esiphawulekayo Umfula inqwaba izingwenya - ukubhukuda emanzini kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu.

Amazon

Kokunikeza uhide nemifula emikhulu yomhlaba, akunakwenzeka ukuba akhohlwe ngalokhu. Amazon iyona enkulu kunazo zonke eNingizimu Melika, ogeleza ngokusebenzisa izindawo ePeru Brazil, ogeleza e-Atlantic Ocean. Igama layo livela legend mayelana abesifazane isizwe abangophakimpi ukuthi bake baphila ku osogwini olusenyakatho wendawo. Bachaza ukuphila Carvajal isihambi, engaka kuxhopha kangangokuthi akungabazeki mayelana ubuqiniso izindaba kwaba. AbeLungu baqala ukuhlola umfula omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni e Age of Discovery. Ngo-1539-m loMfula Amazon Pizarro efika, uzama ukuthola igolide. Amathemba ezingazange zifinyelelwe, kodwa abantu abaningi baseSpain ephethwe ukuhlola pool emfuleni ezingajwayelekile nge zamanje eqinile. Amazon - emfuleni ejulile emhlabeni. ukubhukuda wayo ichibi ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane eziyisikhombisa amakhilomitha square. Emfuleni nemingenela mayelana anamakhulu mahlanu, abasafufusa inethiwekhi aminyene, ebaluleke kakhulu - Purus, umfula juruá, iMadeira. Amabhange emifula ezembethe amahlathi kuyo, futhi bahlala emanzini edumile emhlabeni wonke Piranha izinhlanzi.

Mississippi

Ukuze izakhamuzi of eNyakatho neMelika kuyinto emfuleni omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni. Ngo Mississippi, nemingenela eminingi emikhulu - kuyinto Missouri, Illinois, Red River, Arkansas, Ohio. sebuningini amanzi agelezela imithambo. Igama Indian lokhu hydronym ke kusho ukuthi "ubaba amanzi." Istok itholakala Lake Itasca, etholakala isimo Minnesota. Njengezinye emifuleni eminingi ezinkulu emhlabeni, Mississippi agelezela ocean - e eGulf of Mexico. Coast cishe ubude yonke lapho imiphini avikelekile, kwezinye izindawo baqinisa levees. Umlomo ifana delta omkhulu imikhono eziyisithupha. Lo mfula ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane ezine amakhilomitha. Mississippi uqinisa entwasahlobo izikhukhula kanti izikhukhula zabangela ezingamaphesenti semvula. Kuqala kwakukholelwa esekhulile osebeni lomfula yehlathi eliminyene, kodwa manje kukhona okuningi emadolobheni asogwini.

umfula iYangtze

Ebala imishikashika imifula kunawo wonke ezweni, kuyafaneleka kokukhuluma lowo senzeka ensimini ka-Asia. Umfula iYangtze yinde kunazo kuleli zwekazi futhi yesine emhlabeni. Lo mfula 5.800 amakhilomitha. Umfula iYangtze River kugeleza insimu yaseChina uthululela ku-South China Sea, elingelakwaJuda Pacific Ocean umcengezi. I abaMhlophe bokuqala bazithola loMfula umfula ngokuthi Blue, kodwa eqinisweni amanzi kuwo aphuzi, ne eziningi isihlabathi. Istok itholakala Tibet. Cishe isigamu ubude bayo emfuleni imikhumbi. Ngo izikhathi ezingeni amanzi kazamcolo antante amamitha ayishumi, ngesikhathi amathuba ukuze navigation ku umfula iYangtze ukwanda. Ebusika kuba ayijulile, kanti navigation inqanyulwa. Ukuze ugweme ugcwalise embhedeni amanye amadamu kanye namadamu eyakhelwe. Pool umfula iYangtze evumayo kakhulu wezolimo. Ibhishi inhlabathi evundile, ngakho abantu bendawo bekwi ukutshala irayisi. Njengezinye nemifula emikhulu yomhlaba, ukuwela ulwandle, it yakha delta enkulukazi umfula iYangtze emashumini ezinkulungwane amakhilomitha.

ob

Ebala imishikashika imifula emikhulu kakhulu, kubalulekile ukusho Russia. Ob odabula entshonalanga yeSiberia, agelezela ob Gulf, osebenza e-Arctic Ocean. Ngesikhathi confluence lo Biya futhi Katun ungumthombo kanye esizalweni semifula kwenza usayizi ayizinkulungwane eziningana amakhilomitha square. Njengezinye nemifula emikhulu yomhlaba, the OB enwetshiwe kakhulu - ubude bayo cishe izinkulungwane ezine amakhilomitha. Ukuze nemingenela kukhona Vasyugan, Irtysh, Bolshoy Yugan naseNyakatho Sosva futhi Chumysh, Chulym, Ket, uTom Bax. It esisogwini amabhange yezinkundla ezinkulu kunazo zonke edolobheni laseNovosibirsk esifundeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli chibi is oilfields eziningana ezaziwayo. Irtysh amanzi asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ugesi, ngaphezu, eceleni kwakhe wadala amadamu amaningi amakhulu.

Yellow River

emifuleni emhlabeni omkhulu ogeleza badabula leyo ndawo yase China, akugcini umfula iYangtze. Kukhona Yellow River, okuyinto agelezela oLwandle Yellow , futhi kuyingxenye ePacific Ocean. amanzi eMfuleni zinezikhathi tinge aphuzi okubangelwa inani elikhulu daka. Ubude cishe izinkulungwane ezinhlanu amakhilomitha, ukuze umfula endaweni yesithupha emhlabeni. Nokho, nomcengezi Yellow River incane. Qala emfuleni yakho liphuma phezu Tibetan ithafa, bese odabula isigqoko ethafeni, phezu Loess Plateau neNorth China Plain, bese uthululela phakathi Bohai Gulf, lapho akha khona i-delta. Kutholwe loMfula emadolobheni amaningana ezinkulu. Nokho, ophilayo lapha akulula kakhulu - Yellow njalo dilutes edamini, okubangela izikhukhula ezinzima.

iMekong

Ngakho-ke kuvela ukuthi imifula edume kakhulu emhlabeni ngokuvamile elise-Eurasia. Lapha iMekong - ebaluleke kakhulu mfula Indochina - senzeka khona. Lona Umfula wesine omude kunayo yonke e-Asia naseziqhingini lwesishiyagalombili - emhlabeni. Pool sidlula ezweni of China, Laos, eBurma, Cambodia, Thailand ne-Vietnam. Ubude imayelana amane nanye namakhulu isigamu amakhilomitha. IMekong iqala Tibetan Plateau, lapho ithunyelwa Sichuan Alps, kwase kuba kwabayishumi empumalanga yale nhlonhlo, futhi kuyinto ethafeni Cambodian futhi ihlukaniswe yaba amagatsha amaningana semifula. Nemingenela kukhona iTonle Sap Moon, Bassac futhi Banghiang. Ukuze Phnom Penh amanzi ngokuthi iMekong engenhla, bese - Lower. Pool ilungele navigation unyaka wonke. ukunyakaza ongenaziphazamiso kungenzeka amakhilomitha anamakhulu asixhenxe. Umfula inikeza izimvula yezimvula ewa Juni kuya ku-October.

Cupid

Qedela uhlu, kuhlanganise emifuleni edume kakhulu emhlabeni, kuyafaneleka lokhu. Amur ukhonza njengomdala umngcele phakathi eChina naseRussia. Kusukela umthombo ubude bayo cishe emine nengxenye ayizinkulungwane amakhilomitha. USawulu uwa ku lwesiTatar Strait elise phakathi Japan futhi Okhotsk kwezilwandle. Le ndawo lomfula ihlanganisa 1856 amakhilomitha square. I nemingenela ezinkulu Tunguska, Zeya, Bureya, Amgun futhi Goryunov, kanye Ussuri futhi Sungari. Amur esetshenziswa njengoba umzila ezokuthutha, futhi izindawo zokudoba. Amanzi ungakwazi ukukhiqiza izinhlobo amabili nanhlanu zezinhlanzi: salmon pink, carp, salmon, Sturgeon nezinye. Igama emfuleni kusho "amanzi amnyama" e-Mongolian. Far East Amur ukholelwa ukuthi mfula main. Half umcengezi yayo siqhutshwa e-PRC. Kusukela July kuya September, izikhukhula emfuleni agcwaliswa, ngezinye izikhathi abezwani kungathatha inhlekelele. Ezinye izingxenye zivaliwe ebusika kusukela ekuqaleni kukaNovemba embozwe iqhwa kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni Meyi.