Okokhelekayo ukuze Boiler: izici, izinhlobo, izici kanye nezidingo

Ukuze Ukushisa kwezindlu nezakhiwo zezimboni, kanye ukuphakela ngamanzi ashisayo ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukufaka ekhethekile - boilers. Isisetshenziswa yalolu hlobo lomsebenzi kungaba ezihlukahlukene zokubasa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici yokugcina kumelwe bahlangabezane nezindinganiso ezithile. ukukhetha ekungeyona yokubasela kubhayela kungabangela ukulimala imishini bafudumale. Kuyehla kuleli cala kanye nekusebenta kubhayela.

zokubasa

amayunithi Umsebenzi senzelwe amalahle amanzi angafuneka ukuze:

• igesi;
• fuel uketshezi;
• ugesi;
• fuel okuqinile.

Ezimweni eziningi, i-Ukushisa izakhiwo kanye namanzi ashisayo isetshenziswa, igesi noma heater kagesi. ukufakwa Liquid okuvame ukusetshenziswa ezisemajukujukwini kuphela - lapho ayikho imigwaqo, ukondla "fuel blue". Izingodo, pellet namalahle imishini isetshenziswa lapho kukhona ngisho nezintambo zikagesi.

Uhlobo ethandwa kakhulu yokubasela kubhayela yigesi. Izindleko ukufakwa umsebenzi ngalo Ukushisa imishini oluphakeme ezibizayo. Ukufaka kubhayela kagesi kuwufanele eshibhile okungenani okuningi. Nokho, izindleko ephezulu ukufakwa kamuva recouped isisi ezishibhile. Ugesi, njengoba wazi, siba izwe eqolo.

Ukuxhashazwa boilers okuqinile futhi uketshezi ngokuvamile abiza eshibhile ngisho kuka igesi. Nokho, le mishini, ngeshwa, zingavumi kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Futhi fuel uqobo, kulokhu, esidinga ukwakhiwa kwamakomidi izimo isitoreji ekhethekile futhi ngokuvamile zithatha isikhala esiningi.

Negesi heater ngoba

Kuyinto lolu hlobo uphethiloli, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, isetshenziselwa boilers ngokuvamile. Ngokusho kwale mithetho, Ukushisa izinhlelo lingasetshenziswa yiluphi uhlobo igesi - kuncibilike kanye isiqu. Nokho, okokuqala for amalahle izakhiwo kwizakhamuzi kanye namabhizinisi kumele zisetshenziswe kuphela boilers eziklanyelwe zenzelwe ukusebenza ngokuhlanganyela amasilinda noma igesi umnikazi.

Liquefied igesi yemvelo ngokuvamile lisetshenziswa kuphela amalahle izindlu zangasese. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lolu hlobo yokubasela kubhayela isetshenziswa, isibonelo, ukuxhumana obscheposelkovyh.

Imithetho ukufakwa boilers "fuel blue"

Ixhunyiwe kwi-amapayipi, noma igesi amathangi Izinsiza kusebenza yalolu hlobo uvunyelwe kuphela ochwepheshe ilayisense. Self eseceleni Umnikazi womuzi lapho izwe noma inhloko ibhizinisi ubhekene isigwebo sina. Ngemva igesi - ukuba kuqhume uphethiloli waziwa. Futhi ukuxhumana okungalungile esikhathini esizayo kungaba melula enhlekeleleni.

izidingo ezikhethekile futhi embonweni lapho itholakala langempela gas okokubilisa uqobo. Imishini enjalo azikwazi ukufakwa kumagumbi engamaphesenti ngaphansi 7.5-15 m ^3, kuye ngokuthi amandla. Kulesi Igumbi kufanele umoya. Ukuba khona Izithulu amafasitela egumbini azivumelekile. Futhi akunakwenzeka zanda kubhayela igesi egumbini kwenzeka ukuthi inani ukushisa umthamo lawo wonke amadivayisi efakwe lidlula 150 kW.

Negesi: iziqondiso

Kuye uhlobo laying umugqa odlulayo eduze supply ipayipi "igesi yemvelo" ngoba kubhayela ukufaka e isakhiwo kungaba kwenziwe phezulu noma indlela ngomshoshaphansi. Esimweni sokuqala lezi ziqondiso okumelwe ahlangabezane nazo:

• izakhi iphayiphi akumelwe mbeni izingxenye izakhiwo kanye nezinhlaka eyenziwe izinto ezivuthayo;
• Ukuhlanekezelwa amapayipi akuvunyelwe;
• izakhi mpo iphayiphi kumele itholakale thwi;
• izakhi ovundlile ezibekwa i ummango ka 2-5 mm ohlangothini isakhiwo axhunyiwe.

Lapho ebeka ipayipi wokondla fuel ekamelweni kubhayela ngaphansi komhlaba kufanele sihlangabezane nezidingo ezilandelayo:

• amaphayiphi owawuthwele igesi kuncibilike ngezansi phansi umnkantsha;
• lapho bengena esakhiweni zingancishiswa a ka 0.8-1.2 m ukujula;
• laying iphayiphi kumele iqhutshwe nge emthambekeni hhayi ngaphansi kuka 1.5 mm imitha ngalinye;
• nge liquid igesi ipayipi wabeka ngaphansi kwesisekelo, ne wesiko - phezu kwalo, ogangeni;
• ngoba zonke izinhlobo ukuxhumana detachable ka iphayiphi zinikezwa imithombo.

Liquid uwoyela fuel: Izidingo

Boilers ukusetshenziselwa ukufudumeza Izakhiwo zokuhlala noma izakhiwo zezimboni zitholakala ezindaweni eziqhelile, ngokuvamile ukusebenzisa ku udizili. Ukuze u-diesel, izidingo ezikhethekile zisebenze Ukushisa imishini. Lapho ekhetha kubhayela udizili kufanele sinake kakhulu izici zayo ezifana:

• inombolo cetane;
• ukuminyana futhi viscosity;
• Ukwakheka wamaqhuzu.

inombolo Cetane inquma ezibaluleke kangaka njengoba:

• isikhathi ukuthungela we yokubasela kubhayela;
• ukuphelela omlilo of diesel;
• kwekhabhoni.

Ekugcineni, kuba inombolo cetane udizili kuthinta nekusebenta Ukushisa imishini. CN inkomba eliphezulu boilers ubhekwa amayunithi 40-45.

izidingo isitoreji

uwoyela Udizili, kanye negesi, - uphethiloli kubhayela ngoba boilers, enobungozi ngokuya umlilo futhi ukuqhuma. Ngakho-ke, kufanele agcinwe kahle. Ngo indlu yangasese ekamelweni elihlukile for udizili ngokuvamile ayidingekile ukuhlomisa. Nokho, uma inani egcinwe diesel idlula ayizinkulungwane 5. Amalitha, ukwakha izimpahla kusadingeka ngaye.

Diesel zingagcinwa, uma kunesidingo, ngisho nezindawo zokuhlala. Nokho, umthamo yayo Imininingwane kumele singeqi 40 amalitha.

Egumbini wahlomisa ngokukhethekile ngoba diesel:

• awukwazi ukwenza ukufakwa kufihlwe kwezokuxhumana, Amapayipi amakhulu futhi izintambo;
• Kufanele uthumele izimpawu evimbela umlilo ukusetshenziswa evulekile.

Ikamelo uqobo ngoba diesel kumele zakhiwe ngezinto okungezona ezivuthayo. Umnyango kuleli cala futhi isebenzisa design akhethekile.

Enterprises etholakala ezindaweni ezikude, isibonelo eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada, futhi ngokuvamile ukuthenga ngohlobo olukhethekile imishini - kubhayela Modular uphethiloli ketshezi. Ngo izakhiwo ezinjalo, isitoreji izindawo diesel ingase inikezwe ekuqaleni.

Isikhala oludingekayo ukuze ukusebenza kwaloluhlelo kubhayela lamafutha udizili luncike amandla lakamuva. Fuel ukusetshenziswa for the okokubilisa (liquid) ibalwa ngumuntu wesifunda kunalokho elula. Ngezinye 10 kW kubhayela umthamo ngokuvamile kudinga 1 kg udizili ngehora.

yamalahle boilers

Solid fuel Ukushisa imishini iyona iningi cost-effective, kodwa okungenani evumelana ukuyisebenzisa. Eziningi zalezi heater, ezifana amaziko, ezisebenza carbon. Kulokhu, njengoba uma usebenzisa uwoyela diesel, kukhethwa fuel kufanele wasondela ngokucophelela.

Lubhekele ukusuthisa fuel eziqinile Stoker kubhayela opharetha. Ikhwalithi ilahle ukuwondla kuncike ngokuyinhloko nekusebenta Ukushisa imishini. I kangcono abasebenzi kubhayela ukuza kukhethwa lolu hlobo uphethiloli okuqinile, isikhathi eside ukufakwa.

Noma yimuphi amalahle yakhiwa carbon futhi ukungcola incombustible. ifomu kwakamuva emva amandla omlilo umlotha futhi slag. Lihlela isilinganiso phakathi kwama ukungcola kanye carbon amalahle inquma banga. Lesi sibalo ezinhlobeni ezihlukene fuel ziyahlukahluka imikhawulo impela. Ngokwesibonelo, okuqukethwe carbon e Ling elincane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kulolu hlobo kubhayela zokubasa alisetshenziswa nhlobo.

It kwakha lemali elikhulu lomlotha futhi slag futhi lignite. Ngomqondo onabile, silisebenzise kubhayela ngangokunokwenzeka. Nokho, ukwenza lokhu is hhayi Kunconywa.

Yamalahle ukhiqiza umlotha kancane kuyahluka nomswakama amaphesenti ongaphakeme futhi isakhiwo ngokwanele aminyene. Inani calorific kuba 5500 kcal / kg. Okuqukethwe carbon kwalo 75%. Kuyinto lolu hlobo esiqinile fuel kubhayela kangcono boilers.

Nezinkuni amanzi ashisayo

Lolu hlobo uphethiloli isetshenziswa ukusebenza boilers awavamile. Nokho kwesinye isikhathi emizini yabazalwane noma ngisho izinkampani ungabona Ukushisa imishini yokusebenza phezu kwezinkuni. Inzuzo lolu hlobo uphethiloli ngokuyinhloko cheapness isihlobo. Nokho, ukusetshenziswa kubhayela uma usebenzisa izinkuni ngokuvamile kubonakala kuphatheke kabuhlungu kakhulu. Machinist okuqinile fuel kubhayela isitshalo kwalesi silwane kufanele pop esithandweni 2-3 izikhathi ngosuku. Isici esifanayo ukusebenza kwe-heater, nokhuni esivuthayo owawusemzini womzalwane.

Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile ubuvila lapho zisetshenziselwa boilers, yebo, ayiboniswa. Into kuphela - uhlobo yokubasela kubhayela kumele kube ngokwanele ezomile. Isitolo izinkuni kufanele kube ngaphansi kombhede noma ekamelweni elincane ekhethekile ahlukene - woodsheds. Ngokwesiko, ngoba boilers, kanye amaziko esetshenziswa oluqinile izingodo. AmaConifers lapho kushiswe ushiye eningi umlotha futhi umule ngenxa resin. Kungcono ukuhanjwa okuqinile fuel boilers izinkuni birch.

aqinile

Lolu hlobo lwe-fuel evame ukusetshenziswa boilers esivuthayo eside. Imishini enjalo is ikakhulukazi eyakhiwelwe omlilo kakhulu oluphelele pellet, ngisho ngaphandle kumiswa umlotha. Ngezinye izikhathi lokondla zithutha ezivuthayo okuhambelana Stoker kubhayela for zokubasa okuqinile. Kodwa kwezinye izimo, lezi zitshalo ingasetshenziswa ukulanda nge-othomathikhi. izinhlelo ezinjalo wenze imishini esivumelana usebenze kakhulu.

Futhi muva nje abantu kakhulu, yesimanje, ukhululekile asebenziseka boilers Modular for zokubasa okuqinile. Ukusebenzisa zithutha ngomsebenzi wabo futhi isixazululo cishe ephelele.

izinhlobo zithutha

Lesitshalo fuel ezifana emakethe namuhla, kukhona ezimbalwa. Industrial zithutha kukhona grey-nsundu ngombala futhi ube iphesenti eliphezulu umlotha okuqukethwe. Lokhu fuel kufanelekile ikakhulukazi ngoba boilers ezimbonini. Ukusetshenziswa Its e umthamo wamanzi Ukushisa ukufaka kungalimaza lakamuva.

Agropellety okulungiselelwe kusukela ezincithakalweni izitshalo yezolimo. Amaphesenti umlotha okuqukethwe nakho ngempela eliphezulu. Sebenzisa lawa zokubasa ngokuvamile kuphela izitshalo ezinkulu amandla ezishisayo.

zithutha White ezenziwe ngokhuni debarked. Amaphesenti umlotha okuqukethwe% 0.5 kuphela. Umbala zithutha ezifana abe ukukhanya-ephuzi. Zibiza ngempela eqolo. Nokho, kwaba zithutha ezimhlophe ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa yasekhaya okuqinile fuel boilers.

heater amanzi Electric

Inzuzo enkulu yale boilers, njengoba sekushiwo, iyona kalula ukufakwa. Futhi simi heater amanzi yalolu hlobo kuba igesi ishibhile noma fuel okuqinile. Household boilers kagesi kahle kusukela amapayipi nge voltage ka 220 V. Le yokugcina ngakho akufanele "yeqa". Uma endaweni lapho kubhayela isetshenziswa, kukhona voltage amathonsi noma kuvuswa noma sehliselwe, stabilizers eyengeziwe okufanele isetshenziswe.