Isiko Rus Lasendulo

Isiko Rus Lasendulo, njengoba isiko zanoma yiliphi izwe, - iqoqo izindinganiso ezingokomoya futhi indaba kudala esintwini ngokuhamba imikhuba social nomshikashika. isiko Material - ekusungulweni kobuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa, imishini, amathuluzi, ukwakhiwa, njll isiko Okungokomoya - izincwadi zezinkondlo, isayensi amafilosofi, ubuciko, imfundo.

Culture of Russia sidilizwa kwahluka ezingeni lelisetulu ukuthuthukiswa. Ngeshwa, izingosi eziningi musa behlele kithi, futhi labhubha amalangabi imililo, izimpi, ihlaselwe. Wahlala ikakhulukazi izincwadi, amasonto, imifanekiso, izinto zokukhulekelwa. Isisekelo isiko - nakumasiko kwesokunxele izizwe Eastern Slavic. A nethonya elikhulu kuye kwadingeka Normans, Kubantu abayimizulane, ukwamukelwa kwenkolelo-ubuKristu kanye emazweni baseNtshonalanga Yurophu futhi, yebo, waseByzantium.

Ukubhala eRussia uvele ngaphambi ukwamukelwa kobuKristu. Kuleli qophelo, mina lasavele asungule zamagama. Futhi kakhulu ukwamukelwa kobuKristu kuphela nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni sokuloba, imfundo, ukufunda nokubhala.

A yande kakhulu Rus lasendulo 'ubufakazi yale mibhalo kwabo okubhaliwe ngoMthethosivivinywa imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene wezandla: ayindilinga, nezitsha zebumba, amabhuzu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ne Yaroslav the Hlakaniphile wavula ngisho esikoleni eKiev.

Kanye elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni imibhalo ebhaliwe is ziyasatshalalaiswa temdzabu, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, nendumezulu ngilandisa yezabasebenzi zokudala nakwezempi abantu bethu.

Isiko impahla ka Rus Lasendulo

Izinga High kufinyelelwa ukuthuthukiswa bokwakha. Babalelwa ku-60 izimpawu zendawo isikhathi-Mongolian. Kuze phakathi X leminyaka. zakhiwo kuphela ezenziwe ngokhuni. Lowo muthi Kwakuyindawo eyinhloko yokwakha. Sasisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zokuhlala, izakhiwo esinjengesasebukhosini, edolobheni izinqaba kanye namasonto. Lezi zakhiwo lokhuni ukuhlela ezinqunywe isakhiwo ngakuthathu isakhiwo lwamakholi eqinile futhi izilungiselelo zayo zemvelo. Kodwa ngisho nangosizo "rigidity" of sokhuni uhlelo ukwakhiwa master ephethwe ukuvuseleleka plastic wakhe futhi compositionally ahlukahlukene.

Omunye izakhiwo bokuqala itshe babe liBandla Okweshumi. Kamuva itshe ezakhiwa Golden Gate futhi Saint UZandile Cathedral kanye namanye amasonto. Izindonga phakathi ethempelini kunemivuzo ehlotshiswe esemathuneni akudala, yamatshe nezimpawu. Emazweni amaningi ngeziningi zezinto zokwakha main uvele itshe elimhlophe. izici Isici kukhona ubuhle bayo, okwakhiwe ngakho ocebile, izakhiwo mncane, isifiso phezulu. Kulo eyakhelwe nasemakhaya. Kusukela ngekhulu le-14, futhi waqala ukwakha izindonga ukuzivikela emizini.

Yisakhiwo sodumo isakhiwo itshe uhlobo bushelelezi ethempelini cubic wake iqiniswe aisles ezine parallel esikhaleni ingaphakathi, imbilapho asekelayo izinsika eziyisithupha ukuthi ukusekela Dome futhi vaults. Uma kukhona isakhiwo ezakhayo futhi efanayo ngakuthathu, ihlelo izindawo Russian manje ezihlukahlukene amafomu ngakuthathu osayizi, zokuhlobisa izitshalo ukucutshungulwa izindawo. Iningi izakhiwo kwahluka ubunye izixazululo ezakhayo futhi organically, isakhiwo sangaphakathi njalo futhi ngokucacile yabo obonakaliswe amafomu zangaphandle.

Isiko omculo ERussia yasendulo

Isiko zomculo Russia lasendulo kwaba ukuhlakulela ngezindlela ezimbili: Folk ubuciko, temdzabu umculo esontweni.

AmaSlav asendulo ayekhulekela izithombe zazingelutho namaqaba. Benza behlonipha yabo imikhosi egujwayo, ephelezelwa ukudansa, ukucula, ukudlala ezihlukahlukene zomculo (ihabhu, negenkle, rattles).

abameleli Bright Folk art - Clowns. Kuyinto abadlali professional abajikelezayo ngubani bayabukana sengathi bafuna ukuhleka abantu ukucula nokusina. ubuciko wabo, amemezela ngentshiseko neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni kwezinye etemibhalo zhanrov- amaqhawe, idrama, izinkondlo. Clowns ephethwe lihle amakhono nosaziwayo - Abahleli wemikhosi, abantu poteshnikov, edlala indima abadlali noma abaculi. Yiqiniso, esicini esibaluleke kunazo zonke kuleli art zomculo we isikhathi wahlala ingoma abantu, ikakhulu lowo ihlobene wezolimo ikhalenda amaholide. Uhlobo eyinhloko oludumile - yeqhawe.

Nge ukwamukelwa kobuKristu kwaba ukucula esontweni waseByzantium. Khona-ke ibandla isiko zomculo Russia lasendulo yayimelelwe ukucula monophonic. Melody iculo eqoshiwe phezu umugqa phezulu umbhalo usebenzisa indlela ekhethekile izimpawu, okhombisa isiqondiso umculo kuphela, kodwa hhayi iphimbo esiqondile imisindo.

UbuKristu, ukuze recoup indima enkulu ekwakhiweni kokubili umculo lonke isiko ERussia yasendulo iyonke. It ezikhonjwe amathemba ukuthuthukiswa yayo ngoba emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka ezayo.