Ghetto - wukuthi kungani?

Ghetto - Iyini? Esikhathini sethu uyaca ukufuduka kanye nemave phakathi kwamasiko amabili, sivame kakhulu ebhekene nale umqondo. Nokho, abantu abaningi intuitively ukuqonda ubuhlobo obuseduze kwaleli gama kuya kobuzwe kungukuthi njalo ukucabanga ngokucacile ukubaluleka esisebenzayo kanye nezimiso nokusebenza kwezimiso ezinjalo. Mayelana nomlando

Ngokomlando a ghetto - settlement compact abamele omunye isiko (orientation yenkolo, uhlanga, indabuko) phakathi kwezinye, ngaphezulu emhlabeni jikelele. Lo mkhuba ludabuka ezindaweni Europe ephakathi, lapho kwaqala ukuvela, sihlukanisiwe nezinye omakhelwane abangamaJuda. Empeleni, emhlabeni ephakathi, ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kuye kwaba kancane abanethonya futhi interpenetration abanamasiko kwenzeke hhayi njengoba asebenzayo. Nokho, isilinganiso sabantu Jewish ubelokhu ekhona njalo amazwe aseYurophu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkolelo zabo akuzona ezobuKristu, kanye nokuba seduze isizwe ngaphakathi kanye ukumelana inqubo nokwenziwa uphendulela amaJuda wawayisa inyumbazane. Ngokwesibonelo, ne wokufaka esonto lakhe ayenqatshelwe bahlanganyele ezolimo (into enenzuzo kakhulu ke) kanye nenombolo ukuzibonakalisa. ababusi abaningi baye enqunyiwe ukuba axazulule ezindaweni ezithile. Ngakho, ngomqondo komlando ghetto - settlement ngokuqondile Jewish ezihlangene. Phela, igama elithi yavela e-Italy, lapho okuthiwa endaweni Venice, esiqhingini Cannaregio, lapho amaJuda zaxoshwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVI.

Ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu ekhulwini XX

With ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuthutha izixhumanisi, ukuhlanganiswa mutual (zezombusazwe, amasiko nezomnotho) emhlabeni wonke, ngokwesilinganiso, kwakubikwa nomqondo mass yokufuduka sabantu. Lo mbono esanda ezidumile ghetto and kwaba e-United States ekuqaleni XX leminyaka. US ghetto - ke amabhlogo abamnyama, inzalo ka-inani elikhulu ingcindezelo alethwe ngesikhathi sokudideka izigqila. Nge kwembulunga yonke eminye kanye nokwenyuka kwenani namazinga ezindaweni ezahlukene zomhlaba (lapho abanye ezweni esithuthuke kabanzana futhi yaceba, kanti abanye baye bahlala izinto zokusetshenziswa neseleko ezingeni eliphansi elite futhi inqwaba yezinkinga zenhlalo), anda futhi ukuthuthela izinqubo ophilayo. Manje ghetto - kuyinto imizana yamaJuda hhayi kuphela noma omakhelwane "black". Libhekisela kunoma ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni, lapho bephoqeleka noma yokuzithandela anabambalwa ngokohlanga. Empeleni, ghettos yesimanje - lena bokuntuleka kwezinqubomgomo zomphakathi ekhuthaza komphakathi kanye nokwenziwa.

NSDAP kanye nemigomo umsebenzi ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili

Nokho, umthunzi obunyantisayo kakhulu leli gama liye labawatfolile esifundvweni nobe Maphakathi nekhulu XX futhi kwakuhlangene imisebenzi ubuholi lamaNazi ezifundeni ezinabantu. Ukuze amaNazi, nemizana efana ophoqelelwe sekube yithuluzi elula iqhakambisa ukusatshalaliswa wesitjhaba ucishe ephelele. Warsaw Ghetto - lena isibonelo sasendulo esaziwa kakhulu mhlawumbe. Ngemuva kokuwa inhlokodolobha Polish kuwo wonke amaJuda ayeyalwe ukuba uthuthele endaweni ethile yaleli dolobha. Kamuva, amaJuda zalethwa lapha kusuka ezweni lonke. Imingcele ghetto laqiniswa odongeni, nocingo oluhlabayo futhi amasosha kuqashelwe empeleni ujike endaweni endaweni yeziboshwa. Inani labantu base-ndawo yasetshenziselwa okhandlayo esindayo futhi kwaba sesimweni kunalokho ngisho lonke Warsaw emzini matasa kuwo. Iziboshwa ghetto babe abazobhapathizwa yokuqala ukuhamba ukuze emakamu okuhlushwa (etholakala eduze Auschwitz, kwasekuqaleni). Empeleni, lokhu kwenzekile kulo khona amaNazi.

Izakhamuzi ghetto ayethathwa i isiqondiso engaziwa, ebathembisa izimo best zokusebenza endaweni entsha. Nokho, akekho noyedwa yabuya, futhi amahemuhemu esesabekayo mayelana isiphetho sabo seeped phakathi ghetto. Ngaphansi kwalezi zimo ngabantu simiselwe okuthile fa e egumbini elinegesi nokulapho, lesikahle kwaba sempi ukulwa nombuso. Nakuba amathuba kuthiwa ilinyazwe nabakhileyo cishe bengahlomile ngokumelene kahle SS amayunithi kwakungekho kuvukela senzeka phakathi no-April 1944. Ngenxa yalokho, iziboshwa ghetto wamelana cishe inyanga, kodwa kwabhujiswa, nge inzuzo ukuthatha impi yakhe yokugcina.