Epistemology - iyona legatsha ebaluleke kakhulu ifilosofi

Ifilosofi - ke yisici ulwazi, isihloko okuyinto cishe akunakwenzeka ukuchaza ngokunembile. Imibuzo ukuba kulo anxuswa ukuba anakekele, zahlukahlukene kakhulu futhi ancike izici eziningi: yobudala, isimo wayecabangisisa ethile. Ngokwesiko, ifilosofi ihlukaniswe amagatsha amaningana mayelana nale ndaba, lapho-ke ubona. Yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu yiwona zefilosofi ulwazi ontology futhi epistemology, ngokulandelana, imfundiso yokuba futhi inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela ulwazi. Ingabe izimboni ebaluleke kakhulu, njenge -anthropology, ezenhlalo nefilosofi, umlando nefilosofi, izimiso zokuziphatha, sobuhle bayo, ifilosofi isayensi nobuchwepheshe, kanye nabanye. Kulesi sihloko, thina imininingwane engxenyeni ukufunda ubunjalo cognition womuntu.

Epistemology futhi epistemology - imigomo emibili ukuthi ukhombe Lomkhuba efanayo - imfundiso yokuziphendukela ulwazi ifilosofi. Ukuba khona matemu amabili ahlukene ngenxa izici yesikhashana nokuma kwezwe: German nefilosofi XVIII leminyaka. isifundiso amakhono lolwazi umuntu okuthiwa epistemology kulo nakumafilosofi wamaNgisi namaMelika kwekhulu XX. - epistemology.

Epistemology - kuyisiyalo esiyisa zefilosofi okhuluma nezinkinga Ulwazi lomuntu wonke, amakhono ukufunda ilinganiselwe. Lokhu legatsha iphenya isizinda ulwazi, indlela yokubheka usezuze ulwazi ukuze emhlabeni wangempela, nendlela iqiniso yolwazi. Ngokungafani wesayensi ezifana kwengqondo, epistemology - isayensi elifuna ukuthola jikelele, base jikelele yolwazi. Yini kungaba ngokuthi ulwazi? Ingabe ulwazi lwethu maqondana ngokoqobo? Imfundiso yokuziphendukela ulwazi ku ifilosofi sigcizelelwa kanjani indlela yangasese engqondo lapho kukhona ulwazi oluthuthukayo lomhlaba.

Umlando epistemology iqala eGrisi lasendulo. Kukholakala ukuthi okokuqala inkinga leqiniso ulwazi ifilosofi Western ubeka Parmenides owaphana indatshana yakhe "Ngo Imvelo" izinkulumo mayelana nomehluko phakathi umbono neqiniso. Enye sazi endala, uPlato ayekholelwa ukuthi ekugcineni umphefumulo yasekuqaleni yomuntu ngamunye okwakungokwenkosi izwe imibono, futhi ulwazi lweqiniso kungenzeka njengoba inkumbulo esingashintshi kuze kufinyelelwe esikhathini umphefumulo kuleli zwe. Yehlelwa le nkinga, uSocrates no-Aristotle, wahlanganyela ekuthuthukiseni izindlela ulwazi kuyavumelana. Ngakho, kakade nefilosofi lasendulo sithola ongqondongqondo abaningi abangakholelwa bakungabaze ukuthi epistemology - kuyinto igatsha ezibalulekile wefilosofi.

Inkinga yolwazi esesikhundleni ngoyinhloko kuwo wonke umlando wefilosofi - kusukela endulo kuze kube namuhla. Umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu ukuba epistemology ebuzwa - kungenzeka avelele ukwazi emhlabeni. Ubunjalo ikhambi lale nkinga kuba umbandela wokuthola kumiswa enjalo amafilosofi efana umbono wokuthi uNkulunkulu akaziwa, ukungabi nathemba, solipsism nethemba epistemological. Amaphuzu amabili kakhulu umbono kulokhu kukhona, ngokulandelana, ngokuphelele futhi ephelele incognisability emhlabeni knowable. Ngo epistemology wathinta phezu izinkinga weqiniso futhi incazelo, essence, amafomu, izimiso kanye namazinga ulwazi.