Andrei Platonov: Biography nemisebenzi

Umbhali odumile Andrey Platonovich Platonov wazalelwa emzini Voronezh Agasti 20, 1899 (usuku lokuzalwa kwakhe is ngokwesiko kugujwa ngo-September 1, New Style). Platonov - isidlaliso, lisuselwa egameni uyise, igama langempela lomuntu umbhali - Klimentov.

Sekuyisikhathi ukuhlola

A wakhula kanzima futhi nokuphila okunzima - lokho kuhlukile nabanye abalobi kwesikhathi, u-Andrei Platonov.

Umlando wakhe akakwazi aqukethe kuphela amaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo kanye nemicimbi ngezizathu zokuthi ukuphila kwakhe kwaku- bajabule, futhi wonke u sigcwele nezinkinga ukulahlekelwa. Yena waba nenhlanhla ukuba uthole ekamu, kodwa lokhu wakhokha ukuphila kwakhe indodana yakhe siqu.

indlu Abazali '

Andrei Rakhmanov wazalelwa emndenini umakhenikha ujantshi kanye indodakazi kumklami sika. Wayengumuntu ingane endala, ngemva kwakhe ngemva kwenye uvele abafowethu nodadewethu Platonov kuqashelwe njengoba ayengakwenza 9. Okokuqala, umbhali esikoleni lesifunda esontweni, kodwa iminyaka engu-15 bashiya konke ababekwenza wahamba wayosebenza ziyizinto emkhayeni akazange aneliswe nabazali Kwakunzima kakhulu ukondla izingane zabo. Ngekusho kwembhali wencwadzi, washintsha eziningi izindawo, ezisukela yesisebenzi ziphethe umakhenikha, njengalokho uyise angenzela wawungenawo amandla ukuba bayilinde indlu, unkosikazi wakhe kanye nezingane ezingu-10. UPlato babekholelwa kuyisibopho sakhe ukusiza ngazo zonke izindlela ongazicabanga abazali babo.

Ezemfundo kanye kulwiwa

Ngo-1918, Platonov kuziwa ekutadisheni emzini Voronezh zemininingwane Polytechnic, lapho afunda khona injabulo enkulu, kusukela ebuntwaneni, anakho ababuthanda kuya izindlela. Nokho, ngenxa inguquko imisiwe izifundo zakhe kuze 1921. Ngemva konyaka kokuthola Platonov ngokuzithandela kulwiwa, lapho ayelwa egibele ohlangothini iRed Army.

Ngisho ngaleso sikhathi enzima yempi uPlato eshiya indlela lokudala nokusebenza njengoba umlobeli othile impi. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi iqala lasungulwa njengoba umbhali samanje. Kukhona i-eseyi lokuqala, izihloko emaphephandabeni endawo kanye inkondlo, umlobi zazo kuba e umlobi odumile esizayo Andrei Platonov. Biography of ngaye njengendoda enokholo wokudala elingangena ngokuphepha uqale nge leli phuzu.

umsebenzi

Ngemva kwempi, u-Andrei Platonov waya ezweni lakubo ka Voronezh, futhi uyaqhubeka efundelwa ngesikhathi Polytechnic Institute, bese ngempumelelo umhlaba ngcono imisebenzi. Umphumela womsebenzi wakhe etemibhalo uhlanganisa nge umsebenzi okuqhubekayo ongenalo umthwalo ke.

Nendodana

Ngo-1922, u-Andrei Platonov ashade uthisha yasemakhaya ezahlukweni imisebenzi yakhe emibili - ". Uthisha Sandy" "izindaba Epifanskie" futhi Ngawo lowo nyaka, banalo indodana uPlato. Nokho, isiphetho esitolo ngamashwa omkhulu lwembhali.

Andrei Platonov: Biography kanye nomsebenzi esizukulwaneni esisha

Kusukela ngineminyaka engu-12, u-Andrew Platonovich ngenkuthalo ubhala izinkondlo, okhombisa ubunjalo akhe okudala. Lapho umbhali iphendula 22, wanyathelisa incwadi yakhe yokuqala "ugesi", ehlanganisa ama-eseyi. Kuyo, eqhathanisa le nqubo nge inguquko.

Eyesibili ncwadi yakhiwa enkondlo "Blue ukujula". Naphezu izinkondlo eziningi ezibhaliwe, igama Andreya Platonova namanje Uhlanganiswa namaprozi imisebenzi. Omunye wabo uba Emikhulu Kakhulu 'Epifanskie izindaba ", ohlanganisa zonke ngaphambili ezanyatheliswa emaphephandabeni futhi athikili.

Wayengubani Andrei Platonov ngoba besikhathi sakhe? Biography ibonisa ukuthi isimo sengqondo umbhali yayingacacile kahle. Ekuqaleni, zonke zaveza usebenza Platonov wathola imvume nokusekelwa. Ngisho Maxim Gorky waphawula ithalente omkhulu Andrew Platonovich futhi kuqhathaniswa indlela yaso yokubhala imisebenzi nge Gogol. Wabuye belulekwa ukugcizelela kaPlato ku comedy. Nokho, aphume esibayeni komlobi weza kuphela imisebenzi embalwa kulesi uhlobo.

Kamuva eshisiwe evele eyeka Platonov. Ngemva Izibuyekezo engakhi Stalin ukucwaninga uyayilahla yonke imisebenzi umlobi. Umbhali kanye nomkhaya wakhe bahlala esandleni emlonyeni. Basize ukuba nabangane abambalwa abaqotho.

Omunye imisebenzi edume kakhulu eyabhalwa lokhu umbhali, indaba "Chevengur" nangokuthi "umgodi", okusho empilweni komlobi abakutholanga ukuqashelwa futhi yashicilelwa ngemva kokufa kwakhe.

IMpi Enkulu Patriotic

Ngo-1942, Platonov futhi iya phambili. Lona impi yesibili, lapho anakho ukuze ubambe iqhaza. Ngesikhathi elapho wayesebenza njengoba umlobeli othile wephephandaba i-ezempi.

Khona-ke ngo-1946 yena waba demobilized futhi ikhanda lakhe bacwiliswa lokubhala. Phakathi nale nkathi wanyathelisa iqoqo lakhe amathathu enye yezindaba zakhe edume kakhulu iDemo - "The Return". Nokho, ukugxeka uyaphinda ewela umbhali nangemisebenzi yakhe futhi eyeka zokunyathelisa.

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe Platonov wachitha esimweni kwezimo zobumpofu obukhulu. Kusukela nathemba umbhali libhekisela ukushicilelwa Russian futhi Bashkir Folk yezinganekwane. Lokhu kusiza ukuba ngandlela-thile izidingo zomkhaya.

isiphetho

Andrei Platonov, Biography emfushane - ukufakaza ngobuningi lesi sikhathi esinzima, kodwa ze dazula yena. Naphezu inkinga ebhekene nokushushiswa iziphathimandla, imibono yakhe zihlala zinjalo. Black umugqa ukuphila umbhali lwaqala ngaleso sikhathi lapho kusuka esibayeni bakhe beza indaba "esitolo", lapho eveza ukwakhiwa ngokuhlanganyela. Alexander Fadeyev, njengoba umhleli oyinhloko we umagazini "Red Virgin Inhlabathi ', wathatha ingozi futhi ishicilelwe lo msebenzi. Indaba ithole ezandleni Stalin futhi kubangelwa backlash. Fadeev, lapho eqonda ukuthi abhekene nalo, ngokushesha washintsha umbono waKhe futhi babhala isihloko esihle revelatory lapho isitha sabantu yayimelelwe Andrei Platonov. Biography omlobi ligcwele izimfihlo eziningi, okuyinto zakhanya ngemva kokufa kwakhe.

Revelations ababephila ngesikhathi sakhe wayekuqonda lokho Fadeyev ndoda aphazamisa a lifetime Platonov. Lokho Wayemkhumbula isihloko nge okuqukethwe okunjalo esilingweni ezibhalelwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Fadeyev wagcizelela zonke izindawo ezingase kamuva kuholele intukuthelo Stalin, kusolakala ukuthi kuya kokuwaphrinta off. Nokho, konke zaphumela amaqiniso abonisa okuphambene. Uma ukuphrinta iphephabhuku zonke imicabango ladvwetjelwe ngokugqamile futhi wabeka phezu kwetafula kukaStalin ngale ndlela. Ukusabela kwaba ngokushesha. Fadeev ephethwe ukuhlala esikhundleni sakhe, kodwa mikhondo umbhali Andrei Platonov uye abasekho. Biography emfushane uthi umbhali awuzange wathinta, kodwa wathunyelwa ekamu lendodana yakhe kuphela futhi abathandwa bagqugquzela ukuba kuvukelwe amaSoviet. Bakhululwa kuphela abanye abangane enethonya elikhulu umndeni, uPlato ekugcineni ibuyela ekhaya, ngeshwa, kakade ukufa ngesifo sofuba. Washona izingalo kayise.

Kukholakala ukuthi indodana Platonov yaphathwa isifo esibulalayo kwamaphaphu. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba umbhali, sengathi okuthile delirium, wamanga umfana phezu izindebe.

Ngo-1951 eMoscow, Andrei Platonov wafa. Kwaphela isikhathi eside ngemva kokufa kwakhe, umkakhe ayemthanda ngazo zonke izindlela wazama ukulondoloza ifa kwesokunxele kubo empilweni. Kuyinto ngenxa yakhe, senza etholakalayo eminye imisebenzi. Ngemva kokushona komkayo zonke ukukhathazeka yawela emahlombe indodakazi Platonov nguMariya. It is uyakufanelekela abhekana ngayo umsebenzi onzima phambi kwakhe futhi igcinwe yonke imisebenzi elingenakuqhathaniswa umlobi.

Umlobi, umkayo, indodana nendodakazi, owashona ngo-2005, basondelene kakhulu, ngaphansi kwetshe lesikhumbuzo efanayo.

Andrei Platonov: Biography (isifinyezo) isitayela kanye nezici

Ngezinye izifundo izincwadi eziningi esikoleni yesimanje ku ekutadisheni biography komlobi unikezwa isilinganiso esisodwa sifundo. Noma kunjalo, ukuze amukele futhi sazise zonke izinto ngokuphila Platonov awanele sonto. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubaba ngokungenamkhawulo nomyeni onothando futhi kanye nezinye - phansi emhlabeni nokubona ngempela iqiniso ugcwele zokuphila abantu - yilokho owayiloba Andrei Platonov. Umlando wakhe kudingeka siyinake ngokukhethekile, kubalulekile ukuqonda enemininingwane Ukungena ku essence, esivela imisebenzi yakhe. isitayela kaPlato is kahle libhekene maholoholo esingokwemvelo silulumagama ngeNdodana yakhe, isimo ekhethekile nsuku zonke, ngezinye izikhathi ukwenza lokho, kodwa umsebenzi lwemivubukulo yokuphila kwale ndoda ukusebenza e-nokuxhumana okuqhubekayo ngobuchwepheshe nemvelo.

Abathandwayo kusuka ekuphileni wombhali

Platonov, ukwakheka okuyinto sasikude ngempela kusukela lokubhala yokudala kunjalo ngenkuthalo kuhlangene kokubili lokhu kuthambekela. Kuyintokozo enkulu ukuya emsebenzini nsuku zonke, ngoba wayecabanga ukuthi umsebenzi kubalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu ngesikhathi esisodwa ungakhohlwa mayelana ikusasa lakhe zokudala.

Wayengumuntu onjani owayiloba Andrei Platonov, biography, amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngokuphila kwakhe - manje konke okuyizinto ungathola yimuphi umfundi ngempela umsebenzi wakhe. Kuyinto edabukisayo ukuthi isimo yayihluke kakhulu ngezikhathi Soviet.

Ucwaningo umsebenzi komlobi esikoleni

Ukujwayeleka ngemisebenzi Andreya Platonova iqala ibanga lokuqala ngokutadisha ukuphila kwakhe kanye nomsebenzi. Kuyinto kulesigaba izingane imfundo yabo yokuqala ukuzwa igama omlobi. Biography Andreya Platonova ngokuba 3 amakilasi kahle ezishiwo zonke izincwadi izincwadi zemfundo, kanye esikoleni akunzima ukulufunda.

Ebangeni lesithathu, abafundi baqala ukufunda Russian Folk yezinganekwane Ixoxwa Platonov. Zonke izingane zithande lolu hlobo, ngakho ulungele ukuqhubeka ukufunda umsebenzi wakhe. Ngaphambi ukukhulula iqoqo yakhe, Platonov uqobo ukuhlangana ukuxoxa ngokwabo, ngakho-ke indaba ngothando olukhulu nokunakekela endleleni.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufunda imisebenzi yothando "Magic Ring". Kuyinto indaba umlobi walo.

Besabhekile abafundi livela ehluke ngokuphelele Andrei Platonov. Umlando lebhaliwe lemfisha izingane ngaphandle babasa lonke iqiniso ngesihluku zokuphila kwakhe. Akayena esithombeni ummangaleli grey ngokoqobo futhi umfanekiso Umxoxi omuhle.

Ngo lesithupha, izingane baziswa indaba Andreya Platonova "Inkomo". It has umuzwa ojulile zefilosofi zokuziphatha, okuyinto okunzima ukuyiqonda ngaphandle kosizo abafundisi ibanga lesithupha. Ngakho-ke, isifundo saleliviki umsebenzi senzeka ngezigaba eziningana, okuyinto ivumela umfundi ukuthola facets entsha engaziwa umlobi.

Ngaphambi abafundi lwesikhombisa grade kunzima nakakhulu umsebenzi - ukuqonda nokuba nolwazi ngendawo indaba Andreya Platonova "Juska." Kulesi umsebenzi umlobi wembula inhliziyo yakhe nangawo wonke umphefumulo. Umqondo oyinhloko indaba - ukubaluleka kothando nangomusa.

Kuphela ekuqaleni abafundi 10th grade nethuba babe esekhulile ukuhlola ngubani Andrei Platonov. Biography izingane walonyaka ebekwe ukuthi ifomu lapho empeleni ukhona. Ngaphambi nabafundi basesikoleni esiphakeme presents umbhali-isakhamuzi. Izingane ngalesi yobudala - umuntu usumisiwe kakade, ngakho bangakuqonda lokho okwashiwo kwaba Andrei Platonov, indlela babeshushiswa, futhi ngasiphi isizathu.